{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:13:41Z","timestamp":1774566821638,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,1]],"date-time":"2003-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1046476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An alternative regimen for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection is 2 months of rifampin and pyrazinamide, but some patients have died of hepatitis associated with this therapy. One hundred fourteen patients received rifampin\/pyrazinamide in Wake County, North Carolina, between December 1999 and May 2002; 60.5% of these patients were homeless, and at least 17% drank alcohol to excess. Seventy-seven patients (67.5%) completed a full 2-month course. Nine patients had a history of viral hepatitis or chronic liver disease. Four of 114 (3.5%; 95% confidence interval, 1.0\u20138.7%) patients developed hepatitis on therapy, and another two had symptoms consistent with hepatitis but did not report for laboratory testing (total confirmed plus suspected hepatitis rate 5.3%; 95% confidence interval, 2.0\u201311.1%). No patient who developed hepatitis had a history of viral hepatitis or liver disease, and none had been previously treated with isoniazid. No patients died or were hospitalized due to drug side effects. Rifampin\/pyrazinamide was associated with a significantly higher rate of hepatitis than previously described with isoniazid therapy for latent tuberculosis but resulted in a high completion rate. The rifampin\/pyrazinamide regimen for latent tuberculosis infection may be useful for high-risk, traditionally nonadherent patient groups, but careful monitoring for toxicity is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200209-998oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,6]],"date-time":"2003-03-06T16:44:03Z","timestamp":1046969043000},"page":"824-827","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Safety of 2 Months of Rifampin and Pyrazinamide for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Jason E.","family":"Stout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, and Wake County Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Engemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, and Wake County Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allen C.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, and Wake County Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen R.","family":"Fortenberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, and Wake County Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol D.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, and Wake County Human Services, Raleigh, North 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