{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:51:50Z","timestamp":1787795510336,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]],"date-time":"2003-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1070236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sleep apnea syndromes are more common in men than in women. The ventilatory response to arousal from sleep may be an important determinant of respiratory stability\/instability and could contribute to this sex difference. We therefore compared changes in ventilation, end-tidal carbon dioxide (CO2), upper airway resistance, heart rate, and finger photoplethysmogram pulse wave amplitude after both spontaneous and tone-induced arousal from non\u2013rapid eye movement sleep in 13 men and 13 women. At sleep onset, ventilation fell and both upper airway resistance and end-tidal CO2 rose, but these changes were not different between sexes. Spontaneous arousal (duration, 6.6 \u00b1 0.2 seconds) resulted in a biphasic ventilatory response consisting of brief hyperventilation (5 seconds) followed by prolonged hypoventilation (30\u201340 seconds) on resumption of sleep. The biphasic ventilatory response was greater in men than in women and did not appear to be explained by different wake-to-sleep increments in end-tidal CO2 or upper airway resistance between sexes. Peripheral vasoconstriction with arousal was also greater in men than in women. Ventilatory responses were more marked after tone-induced versus spontaneous arousals and when subjects slept supine compared with the left lateral position. These results suggest that male sex and supine position are associated with greater ventilatory instability after arousal from sleep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200302-150oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,6]],"date-time":"2003-10-06T20:16:07Z","timestamp":1065471367000},"page":"1512-1519","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Ventilatory Response to Brief Arousal from Non\u2013Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Is Greater in Men Than in Women"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Amy S.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park; Department of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide; and School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny J.","family":"Eckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park; Department of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide; and School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Catcheside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park; Department of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide; and School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Doug","family":"McEvoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park; Department of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide; and School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB1","first-page":"1101","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB2","first-page":"1230","volume-title":"N Engl J Med","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB3","first-page":"265","volume-title":"Curr Pulmonol","year":"1989"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB4","first-page":"707","volume-title":"Sleep","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB5","first-page":"1475","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB6","first-page":"489","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB7"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB8","first-page":"1894","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"1986"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB9","first-page":"157","volume-title":"Respir Physiol","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB10","first-page":"874","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"1983"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB11","first-page":"1986","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB12","first-page":"2248","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB13","first-page":"881","volume-title":"J Physiol","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB14","first-page":"1455","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB15","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Int J Psychophysiol","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB16","first-page":"A345","volume-title":"Sleep","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB17","first-page":"410","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB18","first-page":"797","volume-title":"Sleep","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB19","first-page":"678","volume-title":"Cardiovasc Res","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB20","first-page":"R683","volume-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB21","first-page":"1147","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB22","first-page":"808","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB23","first-page":"1607","volume-title":"Circulation","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB24","first-page":"192","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB25","first-page":"1567","volume-title":"Chest","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB26","first-page":"1553","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB27","first-page":"291","volume-title":"Respir Physiol","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB28","first-page":"217","volume-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","year":"1986"},{"key":"2026032606481745000_BIB29","first-page":"2462","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"1992"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/168\/12\/1512\/67496185\/ajrccm_168_12_1512.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/168\/12\/1512\/67496185\/ajrccm_168_12_1512.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T10:48:21Z","timestamp":1774522101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/168\/12\/1512\/8539471"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200302-150oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}}}