{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:57:52Z","timestamp":1787018272646,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,1]],"date-time":"2004-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1088640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Daycare attendance and siblings are associated with viral-induced wheezing in children. Preexisting immunologic factors may influence the expression of viral infections in infancy, and in turn, recurrent infections may influence the development of immune responses. A total of 285 children were enrolled in the Childhood Origins of Asthma Project at birth and followed for at least 1 year. Cord blood and 1-year mononuclear cells were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, and cytokine-response profiles were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nasal lavage was performed for moderate to severe respiratory illnesses. Daycare attendance and\/or siblings significantly increased the likelihood of contracting respiratory syncytial virus (1.5\u20131.6-fold increase) and rhinovirus (1.8\u20132.1-fold increase), and increased the risk of rhinovirus-induced wheezing (14\u201318% vs. 2%, p = 0.011). Cord blood IFN-\u03b3 responses were inversely related to the frequency of viral respiratory infections (rs = \u22120.11, p = 0.05), and more significant for subjects with high exposure to other children (rs = \u22120.27, p = 0.028). The interval change in infantile IFN-\u03b3 responses correlated positively with the frequency of viral infections in infancy (rs = 0.12, p = 0.047). These data suggest that neonatal IFN-\u03b3 responses may influence antiviral activity, or may represent a marker of antiviral immunity maturation. Conversely, the frequency of viral infections in infancy can influence IFN-\u03b3 responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200312-1647oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,19]],"date-time":"2004-04-19T20:43:46Z","timestamp":1082407426000},"page":"175-180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["Cytokine Response Patterns, Exposure to Viruses, and Respiratory Infections in the First Year of Life"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Christopher C.","family":"Copenhaver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Gern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanhai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Shult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis A.","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lance D.","family":"Mikus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol J.","family":"Kirk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy A.","family":"Roberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth L.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Tisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas F.","family":"DaSilva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi J.","family":"Hiemke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald E.","family":"Gangnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, 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