{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:14:04Z","timestamp":1791274444445,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]],"date-time":"2004-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1091318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We investigated whether environmental control during pregnancy and early life affects sensitization and lung function at the age of 3 years. High-risk children (n = 251) were prenatally randomized to stringent environmental control (active) or no intervention (control). Questionnaires, skin testing, IgE, and specific airway resistance (sRaw) measurement were completed at the age of 3 years. Children in the active group were significantly more frequently sensitized compared with control subjects (at least one allergen by skin tests: risk ratio, 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02\u20132.55; p = 0.04; mite by IgE: risk ratio, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.02\u20137.97; p = 0.05). However, sRaw was significantly better in the active group (kiloPascal\/second, geometric mean [95% CI]: 1.05 [1.01\u20131.10] vs. 1.19 [1.13\u20131.25], p &amp;lt; 0.0001, active vs. control). Maximal flow at functional residual capacity was measured using rapid thoracic compression at the age of 4 weeks in a subgroup. Prospective lung function data (at infancy and 3 years) were obtained in 32 children (14 active and 18 control). There was no difference in infant lung function between the groups, but at 3 years, sRaw was significantly lower in the active compared with control children (p = 0.003). Stringent environmental control was associated with increased risk of mite sensitization but better results for some measurements of lung function in high-risk children at the age of 3 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200401-083oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,17]],"date-time":"2004-05-17T20:43:24Z","timestamp":1084826604000},"page":"433-439","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":206,"title":["Early Life Environmental Control"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Ashley","family":"Woodcock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley A.","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare S.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget M.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spyros D.","family":"Pipis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Kissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Custovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032606273907900_BIB1","first-page":"32","volume-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032606273907900_BIB2","first-page":"252","volume-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026032606273907900_BIB3","first-page":"188","volume-title":"Lancet","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032606273907900_BIB4","first-page":"1183","volume-title":"Clin Exp Allergy","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026032606273907900_BIB5","first-page":"998","volume-title":"Pediatr Res","year":"1976"},{"key":"2026032606273907900_BIB6","first-page":"1599","volume-title":"Eur Respir 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