{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T11:05:22Z","timestamp":1774523122165,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During sleep, maintenance of rhythmic breathing is critically dependent on the level of PCO2, such that if the prevailing spontaneous PCO2 decreases below the apneic threshold, central sleep apnea (CSA) occurs. Several studies have shown that in patients with systolic heart failure (SHF), presence of a low, awake arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) increases the likelihood of developing CSA during sleep. We therefore sought to determine if a low PaCO2 is a predictor of CSA in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and with normal left ventricular systolic function. In 13 hypocapnic (PaCO2 &amp;lt; 36 mm Hg, mean = 33 mm Hg) patients with SHF and a mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 23%, the mean apnea\u2013hypopnea index, was 28\/hour. CSA accounted for most of the breathing disorders. In 10 hypocapnic (PaCO2 &amp;lt; 36 mm Hg, mean = 32 mm Hg) patients with cirrhosis and a normal left ventricular ejection fraction (60%), the mean apnea\u2013hypopnea index was 2\/hour. The maximum central apnea index was 0.2\/hour. There were no significant differences in age, demographics, pulmonary function tests, PaO2, PaCO2, minute and alveolar ventilation, and ventilatory responses to CO2 between the two groups. We conclude that, in contrast to SHF, presence of hypocapnia does not predict CSA in cirrhosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200407-910oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,18]],"date-time":"2005-01-18T22:09:10Z","timestamp":1106086150000},"page":"908-911","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Hypocapnia Is Not a Predictor of Central Sleep Apnea in Patients with Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Shahrokh","family":"Javaheri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Liver Services, Departments of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; and Sleep Care Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalid F.","family":"Almoosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Liver Services, Departments of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; and Sleep Care Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Liver Services, Departments of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; and Sleep Care Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles L.","family":"Mendenhall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Liver Services, Departments of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; and Sleep Care Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB1","first-page":"813","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol","year":"1983"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB2","first-page":"330","volume-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB3","first-page":"1079","volume-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB4","first-page":"204","volume-title":"Ann Intern Med","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB5","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Sleep","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB6","first-page":"414","volume-title":"Eur Respir J","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB7","first-page":"1490","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB8","first-page":"507","volume-title":"J Physiol","year":"1983"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB9","first-page":"2154","volume-title":"Circulation","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB10","first-page":"871","volume-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB11","first-page":"416","volume-title":"Sleep","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB12","first-page":"487","volume-title":"Ann Intern Med","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB13","first-page":"174","volume-title":"Sleep","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB14","first-page":"597","volume-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","year":"1987"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB15","first-page":"359","volume-title":"Respir Physiol","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB16","first-page":"1464","volume-title":"N Engl J Med","year":"1984"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB17","first-page":"949","volume-title":"N Engl J Med","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB18","first-page":"2147","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB19","first-page":"985","volume-title":"N Engl J Med","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB20","first-page":"513","volume-title":"Sleep","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB21","first-page":"167","volume-title":"Respir Physiol","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB22","first-page":"395","volume-title":"Am J Physiol","year":"1956"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB23","first-page":"376","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB24","first-page":"1251","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB25","first-page":"1245","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB26"},{"key":"2026032606211220700_BIB27","first-page":"224","volume-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","year":"1985"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/171\/8\/908\/67488963\/ajrccm_171_8_908.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/171\/8\/908\/67488963\/ajrccm_171_8_908.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T10:21:19Z","timestamp":1774520479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/171\/8\/908\/8538472"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200407-910oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}}}