{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:26:35Z","timestamp":1791174395433,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]],"date-time":"2005-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1120176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The effects of pre- or postnatal passive smoking on the adult incidence of asthma have not been reported previously. Between 1985 and 1996\/1997, we conducted an 11-year community cohort study on the incidence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in Western Norway. The cohort included 3,786 subjects aged 15 to 70 years, of which 2,819 were responders at both baseline and follow-up. The incidence of asthma and five respiratory symptoms by self-reported exposure to maternal smoking in utero and in childhood, as well as smoking by other household members in childhood, was examined. After adjustment for sex, age, education, hay fever, personal smoking, and occupational exposure, maternal smoking was associated with asthma, phlegm cough, chronic cough, dyspnea grade 2, attacks of dyspnea, and wheezing, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 3.0 (1.6, 5.6), 1.7 (1.1, 2.6), 1.9 (1.2, 3.0), 1.9 (1.2, 3.0), 2.0 (1.3, 3.0), and 1.4 (0.9, 2.2), respectively. The adjusted attributable fractions (95% CI) of the adult incidence of asthma were 17.3% (5.2, 27.9) caused by maternal smoking and 9.3% (95% CI, \u221223.2, 33.2) caused by smoking by other household members. Exposure to pre- and postnatal smoking carries a substantial risk for developing adult asthma and respiratory symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200409-1158oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T20:25:49Z","timestamp":1112387149000},"page":"61-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["The Adult Incidence of Asthma and Respiratory Symptoms by Passive Smoking\n                    <i>In Utero<\/i>\n                    or in Childhood"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Trude Duelien","family":"Skorge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine and Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, and Department of Thoracic Medicine and Center for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas M. L.","family":"Eagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine and Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, and Department of Thoracic Medicine and Center for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geir Egil","family":"Eide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine and Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, and Department of Thoracic Medicine and Center for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amund","family":"Gulsvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine and Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, and Department of Thoracic Medicine and Center for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per S.","family":"Bakke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine and Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, and Department of Thoracic Medicine and Center for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB1","first-page":"S466","volume-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB2","first-page":"468","volume-title":"Eur Respir J","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB3","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Epidemiology","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB4","first-page":"204","volume-title":"Thorax","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB5","first-page":"429","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB6","first-page":"1222","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB7","first-page":"2103","volume-title":"Lancet","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB8","first-page":"672","volume-title":"Eur Respir J","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB9","first-page":"454","volume-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB10","first-page":"287","volume-title":"Allergy","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB11","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Thorax","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB12","first-page":"479","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB13","first-page":"711","volume-title":"Chest","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB14","first-page":"48","volume-title":"Eur Respir J","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB15","first-page":"22s","volume-title":"Eur Respir J","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB16","first-page":"316","volume-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB17","first-page":"775","volume-title":"J Clin Epidemiol","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB18","first-page":"730","volume-title":"Respir Med","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB19","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB20","first-page":"436","volume-title":"Eur Respir Rev","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB21"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB22","first-page":"531","volume-title":"Acta Unio Int Contra Cancrum","year":"1953"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB23","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Stat Med","year":"1982"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB24","first-page":"865","volume-title":"Biometrics","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB25"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB26","first-page":"883","volume-title":"BMJ","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB27","first-page":"357","volume-title":"Thorax","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB28","first-page":"1774","volume-title":"Eur Respir J","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB29","first-page":"1060","volume-title":"Lancet","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB30","first-page":"700","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB31","first-page":"977","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB32","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB33","first-page":"F8","volume-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB34","first-page":"403","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB35","first-page":"357","volume-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB36","first-page":"418","volume-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","year":"2001"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB37","first-page":"266","volume-title":"Respirology","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB38","first-page":"128","volume-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB39","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB40","first-page":"637","volume-title":"J Clin Invest","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032605584533100_BIB41","first-page":"989","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"2001"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/172\/1\/61\/67485771\/ajrccm_172_1_61.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/172\/1\/61\/67485771\/ajrccm_172_1_61.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T09:58:55Z","timestamp":1774519135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/172\/1\/61\/8537968"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200409-1158oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]]}}}