{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:11:05Z","timestamp":1790968265641,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,1]],"date-time":"2005-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hypogonadism, found in about one-third of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has potential for decreasing muscle mass and muscle performance. Compared with eugonadal patients, we hypothesized that hypogonadal patients with COPD have decreased respiratory and skeletal muscle performance. Nineteen hypogonadal and 20 eugonadal men with COPD (FEV1 1.14 \u00b1 0.08 and 1.17 \u00b1 0.11 L [standard error], respectively) were studied. Diaphragmatic contractility, assessed as transdiaphragmatic twitch pressure generated by phrenic nerve stimulation, was similar in hypogonadal and eugonadal patients: 20.6 \u00b1 2.2 and 19.8 \u00b1 2.5 cm H2O, respectively. During progressive inspiratory threshold loading, hypogonadal and eugonadal patients had similar respiratory muscle endurance times (302 \u00b1 29 and 313 \u00b1 48 seconds, respectively) and airway pressure sustained during the last minute of loading (38.2 \u00b1 3.0 and 40.5 \u00b1 4.7 cm H2O, respectively) (similar to predicted values in healthy subjects). Hypogonadal and eugonadal patients had equivalent limb muscle strength and endurance. During cycle exercise to exhaustion, exercise performance, gas exchange, and respiratory muscle recruitment (estimated by esophageal and gastric pressure swings during tidal breathing) were similar in both groups. In conclusion, hypogonadism does not decrease respiratory or limb muscle performance and exercise capacity in men with moderate-to-severe COPD who, for the most part, are not underweight.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200412-1643oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,7]],"date-time":"2005-03-07T18:38:14Z","timestamp":1110220694000},"page":"598-605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Respiratory and Skeletal Muscles in Hypogonadal Men with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Franco","family":"Laghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital; and Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Edwin","family":"Langbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital; and Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreea","family":"Antonescu-Turcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital; and Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Jubran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital; and Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Bammert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital; and Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Tobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital; and Loyola University of Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032606192147600_BIB1","first-page":"S1","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026032606192147600_BIB2","first-page":"76s","volume-title":"Eur Respir J 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