{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T11:19:35Z","timestamp":1775042375561,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthy household contacts (HHCs) of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis are exposed aerogenically to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), thus permitting the study of protective local immunity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess alveolar macrophage (AM) and autologous blood CD4 and CD8 T-cell\u2013mediated Mtb growth control in HHCs and healthy, unexposed community control subjects (CCs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AMs were infected with Mtb strains H37Ra and H37Rv at multiplicities of infection 0.1 and 1. Mtb colony-forming units were evaluated on Days 1, 4, and 7.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CD8 T cells from HHCs in 1:1 cocultures with AMs significantly (p &amp;lt; 0.05) increased Mtb growth control by AMs. In CCs, no detectable contribution of CD8 T cells to Mtb growth control was observed. CD4 T cells did not increase Mtb growth control in HHCs or in CCs. IFN-\u03b3, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor were determined as potential mediators of Mtb growth control in AMs and AM\/CD8 and AM\/CD4 cocultures. IFN-\u03b3 production in AM\/CD4 was twofold higher than that in AM\/CD8 cocultures in both HHCs and CCs (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Nitric oxide production from AMs of HHCs increased on Days 4 and 7 and was undetectable in AMs from CCs. IFN-\u03b3 and nitric acid concentrations and Mtb growth control were not correlated. Tumor necrosis factor levels were significantly increased in AM\/CD8 cocultures from HHCs compared with AM\/CD8 cocultures from CCs (p &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aerogenic exposure to Mtb in HHCs leads to expansion of Mtb\u2013specific effector CD8 T cells that limit Mtb growth in autologous AMs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200503-411oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,6]],"date-time":"2005-10-06T20:45:04Z","timestamp":1128631504000},"page":"238-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    Growth Control by Lung Macrophages and CD8 Cells from Patient Contacts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Carranza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico; and Department of Medicine and Center for Emerging Pathogens, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esmeralda","family":"Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico; and Department of Medicine and Center for Emerging Pathogens, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico; and Department of Medicine and Center for Emerging Pathogens, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerrold J.","family":"Ellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico; and Department of Medicine and Center for Emerging Pathogens, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Sada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico; and Department of Medicine and Center for Emerging Pathogens, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan K.","family":"Schwander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 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