{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:57:54Z","timestamp":1787018274219,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]],"date-time":"2006-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1159660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The kinetics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis\u2013specific Th1-type T-cell responses after M. tuberculosis infection are likely to be important in determining clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the kinetics of T-cell responses, in the context of a point-source school tuberculosis outbreak, in three groups of contacts who differed by preventive treatment status and tuberculin skin test (TST) results: 38 treated TST-positive students, 11 untreated TST-positive staff, and 14 untreated students with negative or borderline TST results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the ex vivo IFN-\u03b3 enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISpot) to track T cells specific for two region of difference 1 (RD1) antigens, early secretory antigenic target 6 and culture filtrate protein 10, for 18 mo after cessation of tuberculosis exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The treated TST-positive students had an average 68% decline in frequencies of RD1-specific IFN-\u03b3\u2013secreting T cells per year (p &amp;lt; 0.0001) and 6 of 38 students had no detectable RD1-specific T cells by 18 mo. No change in frequencies of these cells was observed in the untreated TST-positive staff (p = 0.38) and none were ELISpot-negative at 18 mo. Of the 14 untreated students, 7 were persistently ELISpot-positive (all of whom had borderline TST results), and 7 became ELISpot-negative (all but one had negative TST results) during follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The decrease in M. tuberculosis\u2013specific T cells and their disappearance in a proportion of treated students likely reflect declining antigenic and bacterial load in vivo induced by antibiotic treatment. The observed disappearance of M. tuberculosis\u2013specific T cells in the untreated TST-negative contacts suggests that an acute resolving infection may occur in some contacts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200511-1783oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,23]],"date-time":"2006-06-23T21:04:04Z","timestamp":1151096644000},"page":"831-839","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":169,"title":["Dynamic Antigen-specific T-Cell Responses after Point-Source Exposure to\n                    <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Katie","family":"Ewer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, and John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham; and Leicestershire Health Authority, Leicester, United 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