{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:03:51Z","timestamp":1790921031061,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current American-European Consensus Conference definitions for acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are inadequate for inclusion into clinical trials due to the lack of standardization for measuring the oxygenation defect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We questioned whether an early assessment of oxygenation on specific ventilator settings would identify patients with established ARDS (persisting over 24 h).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At the time of meeting ARDS criteria (Day 0) and 24 hours later (Day 1), arterial blood gases were obtained on standard ventilator settings, Vt 7 ml\/kg predicted body weight plus the following positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and FiO2 settings in sequence: (1) PEEP \u2265 5 cm H2O and FiO2 \u2265 0.5, (2) PEEP \u2265 5 cm H2O and FiO2 1.0, (3) PEEP \u2265 10 cm H2O and FiO2\u22650.5, and (4) PEEP \u2265 10 cm H2O and FiO2 1.0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred seventy patients meeting ARDS criteria (PaO2\/FiO2 128 \u00b1 33 mm Hg) were enrolled. Overall hospital mortality was 34.1%. The standard ventilator settings that best identified patients with established ARDS and predicted differences in intensive care unit (ICU) mortality were PEEP \u2265 10 cm H2O and FiO2 \u2265 0.5 at Day 1 (P = 0.0001). Only 99 (58.2%) patients continued to meet ARDS criteria (PaO2\/FiO2, 155.8 \u00b1 29.8 mm Hg; ICU mortality, 45.5%), whereas 55 patients were reclassified as having ALI (PaO2\/FiO2, 246.5 \u00b1 25.6 mm Hg; ICU mortality, 20%) and 16 patients as having acute respiratory failure (PaO2\/FiO2, 370 \u00b1 54 mm Hg; ICU mortality, 6.3%) (P = 0.0001) on these settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients meeting current American-European Consensus Conference ARDS criteria may have highly variable levels of lung injury and outcomes. A systematic method of assessing severity of lung injury is required for enrollment of patients with ARDS into randomized controlled trials.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00435110).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200610-1534oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,21]],"date-time":"2007-06-21T21:47:29Z","timestamp":1182462449000},"page":"795-804","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":237,"title":["An Early PEEP\/F\n                    <scp>i<\/scp>\n                    O2 Trial Identifies Different Degrees of Lung Injury in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Villar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Organ Dysfunction Evaluation Research Network, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 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