{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:14:13Z","timestamp":1791310453983,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risk factors for asthma among farm women are understudied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated pesticide and other occupational exposures as risk factors for adult-onset asthma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studying 25,814 farm women in the Agricultural Health Study, we used self-reported history of doctor-diagnosed asthma with or without eczema and\/or hay fever to create two case groups: patients with atopic asthma and those with nonatopic asthma. We assessed disease-exposure associations with polytomous logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At enrollment (1993\u20131997), 702 women (2.7%) reported a doctor's diagnosis of asthma after age 19 years (282 atopic, 420 nonatopic). Growing up on a farm (61% of all farm women) was protective for atopic asthma (odds ratio [OR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43\u20130.70) and, to a lesser extent, for nonatopic asthma (OR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.68\u20131.02; P value for difference = 0.008). Pesticide use was almost exclusively associated with atopic asthma. Any use of pesticides on the farm was associated only with atopic asthma (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14\u20131.87). This association with pesticides was strongest among women who had grown up on a farm. Women who grew up on farms and did not apply pesticides had the lowest overall risk of atopic asthma (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.27\u20130.62) compared with women who neither grew up on farms nor applied pesticides. A total of 7 of 16 insecticides, 2 of 11 herbicides, and 1 of 4 fungicides were significantly associated with atopic asthma; only permethrin use on crops was associated with nonatopic asthma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that pesticides may contribute to atopic asthma, but not nonatopic asthma, among farm women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200706-821oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,20]],"date-time":"2007-12-20T12:58:57Z","timestamp":1198155537000},"page":"11-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Pesticides and Atopic and Nonatopic Asthma among Farm Women in the Agricultural Health Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Jane A.","family":"Hoppin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Umbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"London","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul K.","family":"Henneberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Morgantown, West Virginia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg J.","family":"Kullman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Morgantown, West Virginia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C. 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