{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:41:40Z","timestamp":1792071700310,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,1]],"date-time":"2009-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcoidosis may consist of a number of distinct disease entities, one of which could be Lo\u0308fgren's syndrome. Patients with Lo\u0308fgren's syndrome have an acute onset of erythema nodosum (EN) and\/or periarticular inflammation or arthritis of the ankles, with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (and in some cases parenchymal infiltrates) and usually fever. There is a known association between HLA-DRB1*03 and Lo\u0308fgren's syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether human leukocyte antigen type influences clinical manifestations, including the disease course in Lo\u0308fgren's syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We clinically characterized and HLA-DRB1 typed 301 patients with Lo\u0308fgren's syndrome. A total of 275 of the patients were followed for more than 2 years and classified as having a nonresolving or a resolving disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost every DRB1*03-positive patient had a resolving disease within 2 years, and 49% of the DRB1*03-negative patients developed a nonresolving disease. Mucosal granulomas were identified significantly more often in DRB1*03-negative patients. Among DRB1*03-negative patients who were treated with oral steroids at disease onset, 80% developed a nonresolving disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with Lo\u0308fgren's syndrome have a different disease course depending on whether they are DRB1*03 positive or not. This observation has clinical implications, and by comparing DRB1*03-positive and DRB1*03-negative patients with Lo\u0308fgren's syndrome, we can search for additional markers of importance for developing a resolving or a nonresolving disease, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200807-1082oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,7]],"date-time":"2008-11-07T21:10:23Z","timestamp":1226092223000},"page":"307-312","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Lo\u0308fgren's Syndrome: Human Leukocyte Antigen Strongly Influences the Disease Course"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Johan","family":"Grunewald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, 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