{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T19:22:56Z","timestamp":1780773776940,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Augmented bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) contraction is one of the causes of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The protein RhoA and its downstream pathways have now been proposed as a new target for asthma therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in normal and diseased cell functions, and a contribution of miR-133 to RhoA expression has been suggested in cardiomyocytes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To make clear the mechanism(s) of up-regulation of RhoA observed in the BSMs of experimental asthma, the role of miR-133a in RhoA expression was tested.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total proteins and RNAs (containing miRNAs) were extracted from cultured human BSM cells (hBSMCs) that were treated with antagomirs and\/or IL-13, and bronchial tissues of BALB\/c mice that were sensitized and repeatedly challenged with ovalbumin. RhoA protein and miR-133a were detected by immunoblotting and quantified real-time reverse transcriptase\u2013polymerase chain reaction, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In hBSMCs, an up-regulation of RhoA was observed when the function of endogenous miR-133a was inhibited by its antagomir. Treatment of hBSMCs with IL-13 caused an up-regulation of RhoA and a down-regulation of miR-133a. In bronchial tissues of the repeatedly ovalbumin-challenged mice, a significant increase in RhoA was observed. Interestingly, the level of miR-133a was significantly decreased in BSMs of the challenged mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that RhoA expression is negatively regulated by miR-133a in BSMs. IL-13 might, at least in part, contribute to the reduction of miR-133a.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200903-0325oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,30]],"date-time":"2009-07-30T22:00:38Z","timestamp":1248991238000},"page":"713-719","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["Down-Regulation of miR-133a Contributes to Up-Regulation of RhoA in Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Chiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo, 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