{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:30:49Z","timestamp":1790937049443,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The outcome of fully intermittent thrice-weekly antituberculosis treatment of various durations in HIV-associated tuberculosis is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the efficacy of an intermittent 6-month regimen (Reg6M: 2EHRZ3\/4HR3 [ethambutol, 1,200 mg; isoniazid, 600 mg; rifampicin, 450 or 600 mg depending on body weight &amp;lt;60 or \u226560 kg; and pyrazinamide, 1,500 mg for 2 mo; followed by 4 mo of isoniazid and rifampicin at the same doses]) versus a 9-month regimen (Reg9M: 2EHRZ3\/7HR3) in HIV\/tuberculosis (TB).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV-infected patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB were randomly assigned to Reg6M (n = 167) or Reg9M (n = 160) and monitored by determination of clinical, immunological, and bacteriological parameters for 36 months. Primary outcomes included favorable responses at the end of treatment and recurrences during follow-up, whereas the secondary outcome was death. Intent-to-treat and on-treatment analyses were performed. All patients were antiretroviral treatment\u2013naive during treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the patients, 70% had culture-positive pulmonary TB; the median viral load was 155,000 copies\/ml and the CD4+ cell count was 160 cells\/mm3. Favorable response to antituberculosis treatment was similar by intent to treat (Reg6M, 83% and Reg9M, 76%; P = not significant). Bacteriological recurrences occurred significantly more often in Reg6M than in Reg9M (15 vs. 7%; P &amp;lt; 0.05) although overall recurrences were not significantly different (Reg6M, 19% vs. Reg9M, 13%). By 36 months, 36% of patients undergoing Reg6M and 35% undergoing Reg9M had died, with no significant difference between regimens. All 19 patients who failed treatment developed acquired rifamycin resistance (ARR), the main risk factor being baseline isoniazid resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among antiretroviral treatment\u2013naive HIV-infected patients with TB, a 9-month regimen resulted in a similar outcome at the end of treatment but a significantly lower bacteriological recurrence rate compared with a 6-month thrice-weekly regimen. ARR was high with these intermittent regimens and neither mortality nor ARR was altered by lengthening TB treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trials Registry Information: ID# NCT00376012 registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200903-0439oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,3]],"date-time":"2009-12-03T22:54:44Z","timestamp":1259880884000},"page":"743-751","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Efficacy of a 6-month versus 9-month Intermittent Treatment Regimen in HIV-infected Patients with Tuberculosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Soumya","family":"Swaminathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopalan","family":"Narendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Perumal","family":"Venkatesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheik","family":"Iliayas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rameshkumar","family":"Santhanakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep Aravindan","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrasekharan","family":"Padmapriyadarsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjani","family":"Ramachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ponnuraja","family":"Chinnaiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Research Center, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai, 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