{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:44:09Z","timestamp":1790613849902,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with an increased exacerbation frequency, a more rapid decline in lung function, and increased mortality in patients with bronchiectasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To perform a randomized placebo-controlled study assessing the efficacy and safety of inhaled colistin in patients with bronchiectasis and chronic P. aeruginosa infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with bronchiectasis and chronic P. aeruginosa infection were enrolled within 21 days of completing a course of antipseudomonal antibiotics for an exacerbation. Participants were randomized to receive colistin (1 million IU; n = 73) or placebo (0.45% saline; n = 71) via the I-neb twice a day, for up to 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary endpoint was time to exacerbation. Secondary endpoints included time to exacerbation based on adherence recorded by the I-neb, P. aeruginosa bacterial density, quality of life, and safety parameters. All analyses were on the intention-to-treat population. Median time (25% quartile) to exacerbation was 165 (42) versus 111 (52) days in the colistin and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.11). In adherent patients (adherence quartiles 2\u20134), the median time to exacerbation was 168 (65) versus 103 (37) days in the colistin and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.038). P. aeruginosa density was reduced after 4 (P = 0.001) and 12 weeks (P = 0.008) and the St. George\u2019s Respiratory Questionnaire total score was improved after 26 weeks (P = 0.006) in the colistin versus placebo patients, respectively. There were no safety concerns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the primary endpoint was not reached, this study shows that inhaled colistin is a safe and effective treatment in adherent patients with bronchiectasis and chronic P. aeruginosa infection.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical trial registered with http:\/\/www.isrctn.org\/ (ISRCTN49790596)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201312-2208oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]],"date-time":"2014-03-13T16:54:51Z","timestamp":1394729691000},"page":"975-982","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":245,"title":["Inhaled Colistin in Patients with Bronchiectasis and Chronic\n                    <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>\n                    Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Charles S.","family":"Haworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliet E.","family":"Foweraker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wilkinson Associates, Radnage, Bucks, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Kenyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Profile Pharma Ltd., Tangmere, Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Bilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Defence Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United 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