{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:44:56Z","timestamp":1791981896189,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"French Ministry of Health and French Intensive Care Society","award":["PHRC AOM 08235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PHRC AOM 08235"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Noninvasive diagnostic multiplex molecular tests may enable the early identification and treatment of viral infections in critically ill immunocompromised patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the association between viral detection in nasopharyngeal swabs and ICU mortality in critically ill hematology patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort of critically ill hematology patients admitted to 17 ICUs. Nasal swabs sampled and frozen at ICU admission were tested using a multiplex PCR assay. Predictors of ICU mortality and assay positivity were identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 747 patients (447 with acute respiratory failure [ARF]), 21.3% had a virus detected (56.4% rhinovirus\/enterovirus and 30.7% influenza\/parainfluenza\/respiratory syncytial viruses). Overall ICU and hospital mortality rates were 26% and 37%, respectively. Assay positivity was associated with lymphoproliferative disorders, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, treatment with steroids or other immunosuppressants, ARF (25.5% vs. 16.3%; P\u2009=\u20090.004), and death in the ICU (28.9% vs. 19.3%; P\u2009=\u20090.008). The association with ICU mortality was significant for all viruses and was strongest for influenza\/parainfluenza\/respiratory syncytial viruses. In patients with ARF, detection of any respiratory virus was independently associated with ICU mortality (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.22\u20133.50).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory virus detection in the upper airway by multiplex PCR assay is common in critically ill hematology patients. In patients with ARF, respiratory virus detection was independently associated with ICU mortality. Multiplex PCR assay may prove helpful for the risk stratification of hematology patients with ARF. Studies to understand whether respiratory tract viruses play a causal role in outcomes are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201804-0681oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]],"date-time":"2018-09-19T16:02:12Z","timestamp":1537372932000},"page":"518-528","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Clinical Significance of Upper Airway Virus Detection in Critically Ill Hematology Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"199","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7111-1865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Legoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Department"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mie","family":"Zucman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Lemiale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djamel","family":"Mokart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Paoli Calmette Institute, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"P\u00e8ne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP, Cochin Teaching Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics Department, AP-HP, Saint Louis Teaching Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achille","family":"Kouatchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Angers Teaching Hospital, Angers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Demoule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP, Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Teaching Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP, Avicennes Teaching Hospital, Bobigny, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Nyunga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Roubaix Regional Hospital Center, Roubaix, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Bruneel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Versailles Teaching Hospital, Le Chesnay, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrien","family":"Contejean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Mercier-Delarue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Department"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Rabbat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP, Cochin Teaching Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Lebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, District Hospital Center, La Roche sur Yon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Brabois Teaching Hospital, Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Pascale","family":"Meert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Benoit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Schwebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble Teaching Hospital, Grenoble, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merc\u00e9","family":"Jourdain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Regional Teaching Hospital, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Darmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Resche-Rigon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics Department, AP-HP, Saint Louis Teaching Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Azoulay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403270","article-title":"Incidence and prognostic value of respiratory events in acute leukemia","volume":"18","author":"Chaoui","year":"2004","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0129-2","article-title":"Diagnostic strategy in cancer patients with acute respiratory failure","volume":"32","author":"Azoulay","year":"2006","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2017.02.001","article-title":"Acute respiratory failure in patients with hematologic malignancies","volume":"38","author":"Moreau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer449","article-title":"Outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with haematological malignancy admitted to a specialist cancer intensive care unit: a 5 yr study","volume":"108","author":"Bird","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00150611","article-title":"Prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome in neutropenic cancer patients","volume":"40","author":"Mokart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.56.5.379","article-title":"Pulmonary infiltrates in non-HIV immunocompromised patients: a diagnostic approach using non-invasive and bronchoscopic procedures","volume":"56","author":"Ra\u00f1\u00f3","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000145370.63676.fb","article-title":"The prognosis of acute respiratory failure in critically ill cancer patients","volume":"83","author":"Azoulay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-016-0202-0","article-title":"Increased mortality in hematological malignancy patients with acute respiratory failure from undetermined etiology: a Groupe de Recherche en R\u00e9animation Respiratoire en Onco-H\u00e9matologique (GRRR-OH) study","volume":"6","author":"Contejean","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2008.100","article-title":"Is BAL useful in patients with acute myeloid leukemia admitted in ICU for severe respiratory complications?","volume":"22","author":"Rabbat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000295590.33145.C4","article-title":"Diagnostic bronchoscopy in hematology and oncology patients with acute respiratory failure: prospective multicenter data","volume":"36","author":"Azoulay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201001-0018OC","article-title":"Diagnostic strategy for hematology and oncology patients with acute respiratory failure: randomized controlled trial","volume":"182","author":"Azoulay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib12","first-page":"7","article-title":"Etiology of respiratory failure is related to mortality in critically ill patients affected by a hematological malignancy: a retrospective study","volume":"76","author":"Villa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2344-8","article-title":"Outcomes of mechanically ventilated hematology patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"37","author":"Burghi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2810","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.47.2365","article-title":"Outcomes of critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies: prospective multicenter data from France and Belgium: a Groupe de Recherche Respiratoire en R\u00e9animation Onco-H\u00e9matologique study","volume":"31","author":"Azoulay","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2005.07.007","article-title":"Prospective study of the incidence, clinical features, and outcome of symptomatic upper and lower respiratory tract infections by respiratory viruses in adult recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants for hematologic malignancies","volume":"11","author":"Martino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1086\/338238","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction is more sensitive than viral culture and antigen testing for the detection of respiratory viruses in adults with hematological cancer and pneumonia","volume":"34","author":"van Elden","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1086\/427801","article-title":"Frequent detection of respiratory viruses in adult recipients of stem cell transplants with the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction, compared with viral culture","volume":"40","author":"van Kraaij","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.05.001","article-title":"Molecular detection of respiratory viruses in immunocopromised ICU patients: incidence and meaning","volume":"106","author":"Schnell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq511","article-title":"Impact of early oseltamivir treatment on outcome in critically ill patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A","volume":"66","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5050","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-11-319186","article-title":"Differences in clinical outcomes after 2009 influenza A\/H1N1 and seasonal influenza among hematopoietic cell transplant recipients","volume":"117","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib21","first-page":"e26047","article-title":"FilmArray, an automated nested multiplex PCR system for multi-pathogen detection: development and application to respiratory tract infection","volume-title":"PLoS One","author":"Poritz","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02787-13","article-title":"Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray respiratory panel and the GenMark eSensor respiratory viral panel on lower respiratory tract specimens","volume":"52","author":"Ruggiero","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ1214","article-title":"Comprehensive molecular testing for respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"62","author":"Gadsby","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-09-244152","article-title":"Human rhinovirus and coronavirus detection among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients","volume":"115","author":"Milano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv323","article-title":"Respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"213","author":"Self","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.12402","article-title":"Effect of noninvasive ventilation vs oxygen therapy on mortality among immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"314","author":"Lemiale","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3958","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00993-09","article-title":"Screening respiratory samples for detection of human rhinoviruses (HRVs) and enteroviruses: comprehensive VP4-VP2 typing reveals high incidence and genetic diversity of HRV species C","volume":"47","author":"Wisdom","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.04.004","article-title":"Viral respiratory infections diagnosed by multiplex PCR after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: long-term incidence and outcome","volume":"20","author":"Wolfromm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003057","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003057","article-title":"Viral and bacterial interactions in the upper respiratory tract","volume":"9","author":"Bosch","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1517-9","article-title":"Viral-bacterial coinfection affects the presentation and alters the prognosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"20","author":"Voiriot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib31","first-page":"385","article-title":"Pneumonia with bacterial and viral coinfection","volume":"23","author":"Cawcutt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-05","article-title":"Insights into the interaction between influenza virus and pneumococcus","volume":"19","author":"McCullers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1500245","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. adults","volume":"373","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2017.10.007","article-title":"Rhinovirus viremia in adult patients with high viral load in bronchoalveolar lavages","volume":"96","author":"Van Rijn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix455","article-title":"Rhinovirus viremia in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"216","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.11.001","article-title":"Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of Coronavirus and Bocavirus respiratory infections after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a prospective single-center study","volume":"24","author":"Pi\u00f1ana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ272","article-title":"Clinical outcomes associated with respiratory virus detection before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant","volume":"61","author":"Campbell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.11.010","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe rhinovirus-associated pneumonia identified by bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage in adults: comparison with severe influenza virus-associated pneumonia","volume":"62","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.153767","article-title":"Human rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract of hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: association with mortality","volume":"102","author":"Seo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2015.07.309","article-title":"Clinical and molecular epidemiology of human rhinovirus infections in patients with hematologic malignancy","volume":"71","author":"Jacobs","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201303-0498OC","article-title":"Human rhinovirus species C infection in young children with acute wheeze is associated with increased acute respiratory hospital admissions","volume":"188","author":"Cox","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201202-0330OC","article-title":"Human rhinovirus species and season of infection determine illness severity","volume":"186","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.12.016","article-title":"Clinical and molecular characterization of rhinoviruses A, B, and C in adult patients with pneumonia","volume":"63","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-017-0567-0","article-title":"Rhinovirus C targets ciliated airway epithelial cells","volume":"18","author":"Griggs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-005-2861-4","article-title":"A virologic survey of patients admitted to a critical care unit for acute cardiorespiratory failure","volume":"32","author":"Carrat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4953-3","article-title":"Early oseltamivir therapy improves the outcome in critically ill patients with influenza: a propensity analysis","volume":"44","author":"Hernu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr090","article-title":"Early versus late oseltamivir treatment in severely ill patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1): speed is life","volume":"66","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70041-4","article-title":"Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data","volume":"2","author":"Muthuri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-5806fje","article-title":"H. influenzae potentiates airway epithelial cell responses to rhinovirus by increasing ICAM-1 and TLR3 expression","volume":"20","author":"Sajjan","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib50","first-page":"2293","article-title":"Antibiotic exposure prior to respiratory viral infection is associated with progression to lower respiratory tract disease in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients","volume-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transplant","author":"Ogimi","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib51","first-page":"e01122","article-title":"Predicting invasive aspergillosis in haematology patients by combining clinical and genetic risk factors with early diagnostic biomarkers","volume":"56","author":"White","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2673-2","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a frequent complication of critically ill H1N1 patients: a retrospective study","volume":"38","author":"Wauters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321252790600_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.78","article-title":"Lower respiratory tract respiratory virus infections increase the risk of invasive aspergillosis after a reduced-intensity allogeneic hematopoietic SCT","volume":"44","author":"Martino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/199\/4\/518\/67182212\/ajrccm_199_4_518.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/199\/4\/518\/67182212\/ajrccm_199_4_518.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T02:25:41Z","timestamp":1772591141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/199\/4\/518\/8497815"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201804-0681oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}}}