{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T17:23:16Z","timestamp":1793467396879,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 HL136928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 HL136928"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 HL140087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 HL140087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 CA203636"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA203636"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OT2 OD026553"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OT2 OD026553"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL131565"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL131565"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 HL140199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 HL140199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL142302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL142302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY009052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY009052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY023704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY023704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 DK063491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 DK063491"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24 HL131937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 HL131937"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL103676"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL103676"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL137234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL137234"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL077612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL077612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL093081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL093081"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL121270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL121270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL142028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL142028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP3 DK111906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP3 DK111906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 HL136275"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 HL136275"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL117843"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL117843"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 HL141762"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 HL141762"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 HL118128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 HL118128"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL142992"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL142992"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG1 HL1390534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG1 HL1390534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL109164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL109164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NR013700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NR013700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL120393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL120393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 HL138190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 HL138190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL130796"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL130796"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL114587"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL114587"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL097163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL097163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 HL132821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 HL132821"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 HL092870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 HL092870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R33 HL120770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33 HL120770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R33 CA182360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33 CA182360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UH3 HL123442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3 HL123442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL116473"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL116473"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL122464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL122464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL133232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL133232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL130974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL130974"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL089856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL089856"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL113264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL113264"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL137927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL137927"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL133135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL133135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 HL114501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 HL114501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL135142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL135142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL111024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL111024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-25195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-25195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201500001I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201500001I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL089897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL089897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-AG-1-2100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-AG-1-2100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN27120120022C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN27120120022C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Oddur Olafsson Fund"},{"name":"Icelandic Research Fund","award":["141513-051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["141513-051"]}]},{"name":"Landspitali Scientific Fund","award":["A-2015-030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-2015-030"]}]},{"name":"Landspitali Scientific Fund","award":["A-2016-023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-2016-023"]}]},{"name":"Landspitali Scientific Fund","award":["A-2017-030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-2017-030"]}]},{"name":"Landspitali Scientific Fund","award":["A-2018-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-2018-022"]}]},{"name":"Landspitali Scientific Fund","award":["A-2018-025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-2018-025"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["27120120022C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["27120120022C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Action Pulmonary Fibrosis"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G0901226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0901226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CS-2013-13-017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CS-2013-13-017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000351","name":"British Lung Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000351","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020013","name":"NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["HHSN268201500003I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201500003I"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95159"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95160"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95161"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95162"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95163"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95164"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95165"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95166"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95167"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95168"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["N01-HC-95169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95169"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["UL1-TR-000040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR-000040"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["UL1-TR-001079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR-001079"]}]},{"name":"MESA","award":["UL1-TR-001420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR-001420"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ULTR001881"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ULTR001881"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease Diabetes Research Center","award":["DK063491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK063491"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900013C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900013C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HSN268200900014C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HSN268200900014C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900015C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900015C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900016C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900016C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900017C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900017C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900018C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900018C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900019C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900019C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268200900020C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268200900020C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIH\/NHLBI","award":["U01 HL137880"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL137880"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.atsjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) are associated with the highest genetic risk locus for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, the extent to which there are unique associations among individuals with ILAs or additional overlap with IPF is not known.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of ILAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ILAs and a subpleural-predominant subtype were assessed on chest computed tomography (CT) scans in the AGES (Age Gene\/Environment Susceptibility), COPDGene (Genetic Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [COPD]), Framingham Heart, ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points), MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), and SPIROMICS (Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study) studies. We performed a GWAS of ILAs in each cohort and combined the results using a meta-analysis. We assessed for overlapping associations in independent GWASs of IPF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Genome-wide genotyping data were available for 1,699 individuals with ILAs and 10,274 control subjects. The MUC5B (mucin 5B) promoter variant rs35705950 was significantly associated with both ILAs (P\u2009=\u20092.6\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u221227) and subpleural ILAs (P\u2009=\u20091.6\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u221229). We discovered novel genome-wide associations near IPO11 (rs6886640, P\u2009=\u20093.8\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22128) and FCF1P3 (rs73199442, P\u2009=\u20094.8\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22128) with ILAs, and near HTRE1 (rs7744971, P\u2009=\u20094.2\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22128) with subpleural-predominant ILAs. These novel associations were not associated with IPF. Among 12 previously reported IPF GWAS loci, five (DPP9, DSP, FAM13A, IVD, and MUC5B) were significantly associated (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05\/12) with ILAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a GWAS of ILAs in six studies, we confirmed the association with a MUC5B promoter variant and found strong evidence for an effect of previously described IPF loci; however, novel ILA associations were not associated with IPF. These findings highlight common genetically driven biologic pathways between ILAs and IPF, and also suggest distinct ones.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201903-0511oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T10:59:26Z","timestamp":1563965966000},"page":"1402-1413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Overlap of Genetic Risk between Interstitial Lung Abnormalities and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9564-0745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian D.","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8027-7450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel K.","family":"Putman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, and"},{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mizuki","family":"Nishino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, and"},{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Gudmundsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Landspital University Hospital, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilmundur","family":"Gudnason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"},{"name":"Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gudny","family":"Eiriksdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuno Rodrigues","family":"Zilhao Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9e","family":"Dupuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanfei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George T.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ani","family":"Manichaikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Public Health Genomics"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Public Health Genomics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9559-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna J.","family":"Podolanczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purnema","family":"Madahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome I.","family":"Rotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, and"},{"name":"Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5258-0228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Lederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Graham","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen S.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Public Health Genomics"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Ampleford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor E.","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanda K.","family":"O\u2019Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsico Lung Institute, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"John D.","family":"Newell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene R.","family":"Bleecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin M.","family":"Oldham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shwu-Fan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imre","family":"Noth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Gisli","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Respiratory Research Unit, School of Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toby M.","family":"Maher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Fibrosis Research Group, Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard B.","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Respiratory Research Unit, School of Medicine, and"},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise V.","family":"Wain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tasha E.","family":"Fingerlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Informatics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Informatics"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, and"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George R.","family":"Washko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine"},{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan O.","family":"Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin K.","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroto","family":"Hatabu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, and"},{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Hunninghake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine"},{"name":"Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib1","first-page":"277","article-title":"American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Consensus Classification of the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumon: this joint statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS), and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) was adopted by the ATS board of directors, June 2001 and by the ERS Executive Committee, June 2001","volume":"165","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70101-8","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in US Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older: incidence, prevalence, and survival, 2001-11","volume":"2","author":"Raghu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2009-040GL","article-title":"An official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT statement: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and management","volume":"183","author":"Raghu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201506-1063ST","article-title":"An official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT clinical practice guideline: treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. An update of the 2011 clinical practice guideline","volume":"192","author":"Raghu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200408-1104OC","article-title":"Clinical and pathologic features of familial interstitial pneumonia","volume":"172","author":"Steele","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1013660","article-title":"A common MUC5B promoter polymorphism and pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"364","author":"Seibold","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2008.057356","article-title":"A genome-wide association study identifies an association of a common variant in TERT with susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"45","author":"Mushiroda","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2609","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"45","author":"Fingerlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70045-6","article-title":"Genetic variants associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis susceptibility and mortality: a genome-wide association study","volume":"1","author":"Noth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s12863-016-0377-2","article-title":"Genome-wide imputation study identifies novel HLA locus for pulmonary fibrosis and potential role for auto-immunity in fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia","volume":"17","author":"Fingerlin","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30387-9","article-title":"Genetic variants associated with susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in people of European ancestry: a genome-wide association study","volume":"5","author":"Allen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1216076","article-title":"MUC5B promoter polymorphism and interstitial lung abnormalities","volume":"368","author":"Hunninghake","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007285","article-title":"Lung volumes and emphysema in smokers with interstitial lung abnormalities","volume":"364","author":"Washko","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200812-1966OC","article-title":"Cigarette smoking is associated with subclinical parenchymal lung disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)-lung study","volume":"180","author":"Lederer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0518","article-title":"Association between interstitial lung abnormalities and all-cause mortality","volume":"315","author":"Putman","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib16","first-page":"A1120","article-title":"Interstitial lung abnormalities and histopathologic correlates in patients undergoing lung nodule resection [abstract]","volume-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","author":"Miller","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201703-0555OC","article-title":"High-attenuation areas on chest computed tomography and clinical respiratory outcomes in community-dwelling adults","volume":"196","author":"Podolanczuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700537","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00537-2017","article-title":"The MUC5B promoter polymorphism is associated with specific interstitial lung abnormality subtypes","volume":"50","author":"Putman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.2.ats01","article-title":"American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Consensus Classification of the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: this joint statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS), and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) was adopted by the ATS board of directors, June 2001 and by the ERS Executive Committee, June 2001","volume":"165","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib20","first-page":"A6181","article-title":"Genetic determinants of interstitial lung abnormalities [abstract]","volume":"197","author":"Putman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909883","article-title":"Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"363","author":"Hurst","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk115","article-title":"Age, gene\/environment susceptibility-Reykjavik study: multidisciplinary applied phenomics","volume":"165","author":"Harris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-203897","article-title":"Design of the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcomes in COPD Study (SPIROMICS)","volume":"69","author":"Couper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2009.07.016","article-title":"Identification of early interstitial lung disease in smokers from the COPDGene Study","volume":"17","author":"Washko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00129-2016","article-title":"High attenuation areas on chest computed tomography in community-dwelling adults: the MESA study","volume":"48","author":"Podolanczuk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3643","article-title":"A reference panel of 64,976 haplotypes for genotype imputation","volume":"48","author":"McCarthy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11632","article-title":"An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes","volume":"491","author":"Abecasis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/80.1.27","article-title":"Bias reduction of maximum likelihood estimates","volume":"80","author":"Firth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21742","article-title":"Recommended joint and meta-analysis strategies for case-control association testing of single low-count variants","volume":"37","author":"Ma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.071","article-title":"Quality control and conduct of genome-wide association meta-analyses","volume":"9","author":"Winkler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib31","article-title":"METAL MetaAnalysis Helper","author":"Abecasis","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq340","article-title":"METAL: fast and efficient meta-analysis of genomewide association scans","volume":"26","author":"Willer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2010.11.011","article-title":"GCTA: a tool for genome-wide complex trait analysis","volume":"88","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib34","first-page":"369","article-title":"Conditional and joint multiple-SNP analysis of GWAS summary statistics identifies additional variants influencing complex traits","volume-title":"Nat Genet","author":"Yang","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1001","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1229","article-title":"The NHGRI GWAS Catalog, a curated resource of SNP-trait associations","volume":"42","author":"Welter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-017-0581-2","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of subclinical interstitial lung disease in MESA","volume":"18","author":"Manichaikul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0307-5","article-title":"Association studies of up to 1.2 million individuals yield new insights into the genetic etiology of tobacco and alcohol use","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2653","article-title":"The genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) project","volume":"45","author":"GTEx Consortium","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1262110","article-title":"Human genomics: the genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) pilot analysis: multitissue gene regulation in humans","volume":"348","author":"GTEx Consortium","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2756","article-title":"Systematic identification of trans eQTLs as putative drivers of known disease associations","volume":"45","author":"Westra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003029","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003029","article-title":"Lung eQTLs to help reveal the molecular underpinnings of asthma","volume":"8","author":"Hao","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddx043","article-title":"Conditional eQTL analysis reveals allelic heterogeneity of gene expression","volume":"26","author":"Jansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib43","article-title":"Unraveling the polygenic architecture of complex traits using blood eQTL meta-analysis [preprint]","volume-title":"bioRxiv","author":"V\u00f5sa","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214127","article-title":"Genome-wide meta-analysis reveals shared new loci in systemic seropositive rheumatic diseases","volume":"78","author":"Acosta-Herrera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801562","article-title":"MUC5B promoter variant and rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease","volume":"379","author":"Juge","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201406-1162OC","article-title":"Extensive phenotyping of individuals at-risk for familial interstitial pneumonia reveals clues to the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease","volume":"191","author":"Kropski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201509-1872LE","article-title":"MUC5B promoter variant rs35705950 affects MUC5B expression in the distal airways in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"193","author":"Nakano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5363","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07768-9","article-title":"Muc5b overexpression causes mucociliary dysfunction and enhances lung fibrosis in mice","volume":"9","author":"Hancock","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201308-1483ST","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society statement: update of the international multidisciplinary classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias","volume":"188","author":"Travis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2012-201338","article-title":"Smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF): pathologic findings and distinction from other chronic fibrosing lung diseases","volume":"66","author":"Katzenstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib51","first-page":"422A","article-title":"MUC5B promoter variant is not associated with myositis-related interstitial lung disease [abstract]","volume-title":"Chest","author":"Johnson","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-0110","article-title":"The pulmonary fibrosis-associated MUC5B promoter polymorphism does not influence the development of interstitial pneumonia in systemic sclerosis","volume":"142","author":"Peljto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70621","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070621","article-title":"The MUC5B variant is associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis but not with systemic sclerosis interstitial lung disease in the European Caucasian population","volume":"8","author":"Borie","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12240","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30801-2","article-title":"An essential role for the nuclear protein Akirin2 in mouse limb interdigital tissue regression","volume":"8","author":"Bosch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.3390\/biom5031618","article-title":"Chromatin remodeling and transcriptional control in innate immunity: emergence of Akirin2 as a novel player","volume":"5","author":"Tartey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500373","article-title":"Essential function for the nuclear protein Akirin2 in B cell activation and humoral immune responses","volume":"195","author":"Tartey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1543","article-title":"Akirins are highly conserved nuclear proteins required for NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression in Drosophila and mice","volume":"9","author":"Goto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002547","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002547","article-title":"Akirin links twist-regulated transcription with the Brahma chromatin remodeling complex during embryogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Nowak","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.5.1482","article-title":"The role of nuclear factor-kappa B in pulmonary diseases","volume":"117","author":"Christman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026030321365743700_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600610","article-title":"Loss of Twist1 in the mesenchymal compartment promotes increased fibrosis in experimental lung injury by enhanced expression of CXCL12","volume":"198","author":"Tan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/200\/11\/1402\/67170464\/ajrccm_200_11_1402.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/200\/11\/1402\/67170464\/ajrccm_200_11_1402.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T02:37:15Z","timestamp":1772591835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/200\/11\/1402\/8497002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201903-0511oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}