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We explored the association of the different key markers with inflammatory comorbidities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Monocytes from patients with severe OSA presented higher NLRP3 activity than those from control subjects, which directly correlated with the apnea\u2013hypopnea index and hypoxemic indices. NLRP3 overactivity triggered inflammatory cytokines (IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18) via caspase-1 and increased Gasdermin D, allowing for tissue factor to be released. In vitro models confirmed that monocytes increase NLRP3 signaling under intermittent hypoxia in a hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u03b1\u2013dependent manner, and\/or in combination with plasma from patients with OSA. Plasma concentrations of tissue factor were higher in patients with OSA with systemic inflammatory comorbidities than in those without them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with severe OSA, NLRP3 activation might be a linking mechanism between intermittent hypoxia and other OSA-induced immediate changes with the development of systemic inflammatory response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202106-1445oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T13:55:40Z","timestamp":1648821340000},"page":"1337-1348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Inflammasome Activation: A Keystone of Proinflammatory Response in Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"205","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"D\u00edaz-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Garc\u00eda-Tovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Alfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Jaureguizar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Casitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bego\u00f1a","family":"S\u00e1nchez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Zamarr\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Lahera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"L\u00f3pez-Collazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"The Innate Immune Response Group, La Paz University Hospital, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain; 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