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However, longitudinal data assessing the association between e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether e-cigarette use is associated with the development of respiratory symptoms in young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data are derived from the PATH (Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health) study waves 2 (2014\u20132015), 3 (2015\u20132016), 4 (2016\u20132018), and 5 (2018\u20132019). Young adults aged 18\u201324 years at baseline with no prevalent respiratory disease or symptoms were included in the analyses. Binary logistic regression models with a generalized estimating equation were used to estimate time-varying and time-lagged associations of e-cigarette use during waves 2\u20134, with respiratory symptom development approximately 12 months later at waves 3\u20135.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The per-wave prevalence of former and current e-cigarette use was 15.2% and 5.6%, respectively. Former e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of developing any respiratory symptom (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04\u20131.39) and wheezing in the chest (aOR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.08\u20131.83) in multivariable adjusted models. Current e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds for any respiratory symptom (aOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.06\u20131.65) and wheezing in the chest (aOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.06\u20132.14). Associations persisted among participants who never smoked combustible cigarettes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this nationally representative cohort of young adults, former and current e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of developing wheezing-related respiratory symptoms, after accounting for cigarette smoking and other combustible tobacco product use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202107-1718oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T16:38:15Z","timestamp":1643387895000},"page":"1320-1329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Association of Electronic Cigarette Use with Respiratory Symptom Development among U.S. Young 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