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Their association with the development and progression of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) in humans is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the associations of blood monocyte count, and other immune cell types, with ILA, high-attenuation areas, and FVC in four independent cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included participants with measured monocyte counts and computed tomographic (CT) imaging enrolled in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, n\u2009=\u2009484), AGES-Reykjavik (Age\/Gene Environment Susceptibility Study, n\u2009=\u20093,547), COPDGene (Genetic Epidemiology of COPD, n\u2009=\u20092,719), and the ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points, n\u2009=\u2009646).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After adjustment for covariates, a 1-SD increment in blood monocyte count was associated with ILA in MESA (odds ratio [OR], 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0\u20131.8), AGES-Reykjavik (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1\u20131.3), COPDGene (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.2\u20131.4), and ECLIPSE (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0\u20131.4). A higher monocyte count was associated with ILA progression over 5 years in AGES-Reykjavik (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0\u20131.3). Compared with participants without ILA, there was a higher percentage of activated monocytes among those with ILA in MESA. Higher monocyte count was associated with greater high-attenuation areas in MESA and lower FVC in MESA and COPDGene. Associations of other immune cell types were less consistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher blood monocyte counts were associated with the presence and progression of interstitial lung abnormalities and lower FVC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202108-1967oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T17:09:34Z","timestamp":1640020174000},"page":"795-805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Associations of Monocyte Count and Other Immune Cell Types with Interstitial Lung Abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"205","author":[{"given":"John S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, and"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 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