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Individuals affected are reported to have a lower rate of V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02 at peak exercise intensity (V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02PEAK) and at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02VAT), but little is known about their response to exercise training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary objective was to determine whether the V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02PEAK response to exercise training differed between preterm-born and term-born individuals; the secondary objective was to quantify group differences in V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02VAT response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-two preterm-born and 151 term-born participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training (n\u2009=\u2009102) or a control group (n\u2009=\u2009101). Cardiopulmonary exercise tests were conducted before and after the intervention to measure V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02PEAK and the V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02VAT. A prespecified subgroup analysis was conducted by fitting an interaction term for preterm and term birth histories and exercise group allocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For term-born participants, V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02PEAK increased by 3.1 ml\/kg\/min (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 4.4), and the V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02VAT increased by 2.3 ml\/kg\/min (95% CI, 0.7 to 3.8) in the intervention group versus controls. For preterm-born participants, V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02PEAK increased by 1.8 ml\/kg\/min (95% CI, \u22120.4 to 3.9), and the V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02VAT increased by 4.6 ml\/kg\/min (95% CI, 2.1 to 7.0) in the intervention group versus controls. No significant interaction was observed with birth history for V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02PEAK (P\u2009=\u20090.32) or the V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02VAT (P\u2009=\u20090.12).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The training intervention led to significant improvements in V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02PEAK and V\u02d9 \u00a0o \u00a02VAT, with no evidence of a statistically different response based on birth history.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02723552).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202205-0858oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T11:00:26Z","timestamp":1669978826000},"page":"1227-1236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Aerobic Exercise Training Response in Preterm-Born Young Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure and Stage 1 Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"207","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9462-6175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger","family":"Burchert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3703-0735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winok","family":"Lapidaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilby","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annabelle","family":"McCourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0153-3389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cameron","family":"Dockerill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9875-4983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6643-5734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheryl M. 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