{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:45:56Z","timestamp":1792165556067,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["K23 150280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 150280"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["UL1TR001873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001873"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["K23-HL133489"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23-HL133489"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R21-HL145506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21-HL145506"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["K23 150280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 150280"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["UL1TR001873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001873"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["K23-HL133489"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23-HL133489"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R21-HL145506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21-HL145506"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.atsjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with obesity are at increased risk for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Some centers consider obesity a relative contraindication to receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, despite growing implementation of ECMO for ARDS in the general population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the association between obesity and mortality in patients with ARDS receiving ECMO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this large, international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the association of obesity, defined as body mass index\u2009\u2265\u200930\u2009kg\/m2, with ICU mortality in patients receiving ECMO for ARDS by performing adjusted multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 790 patients with ARDS receiving ECMO in our study, 320 had obesity. Of those, 24.1% died in the ICU, compared with 35.3% of patients without obesity (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). In adjusted models, obesity was associated with lower ICU mortality (odds ratio, 0.63 [95% confidence interval, 0.43\u20130.93]; P\u2009=\u20090.018). Examined as a continuous variable, higher body mass index was associated with decreased ICU mortality in multivariable regression (odds ratio, 0.97 [95% confidence interval, 0.95\u20131.00]; P\u2009=\u20090.023). In propensity score matching of 199 patients with obesity to 199 patients without, patients with obesity had a lower probability of ICU death than those without (22.6% vs. 35.2%; P\u2009=\u20090.007).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients receiving ECMO for ARDS, those with obesity had lower ICU mortality than patients without obesity in multivariable and propensity score matching analyses. Our findings support the notion that obesity should not be considered a general contraindication to ECMO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202212-2293oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T09:00:33Z","timestamp":1693213233000},"page":"685-694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Mortality in Patients with Obesity and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Multicenter ECMObesity Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"208","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7371-9804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darya","family":"Rudym","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4373-0711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00e0i","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Intensive-R\u00e9animation, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital de Bic\u00eatre, DMU CORREVE, FHU SEPSIS, Groupe de Recherche CARMAS, Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Universit\u00e9 de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud, Inserm U1018, Equipe d\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie Respiratoire Int\u00e9grative, Centre d\u2019\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 des Populations, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0363-5717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig R.","family":"Rackley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1735-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Grasselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italia"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9274-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4670-3433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Baldwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0797-2374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Beitler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York"},{"name":"Center for Acute Respiratory Failure and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9676-2709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cara","family":"Agerstrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York"},{"name":"Center for Acute Respiratory Failure and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7366-1350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisle A.","family":"Winston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desiree","family":"Bonadonna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perfusion Services, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4863-5569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York"},{"name":"Center for Acute Respiratory Failure and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Logan J.","family":"Emerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Respiratory Care Services, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Dzierba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Acute Respiratory Failure and"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Sonett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9073-3897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darryl","family":"Abrams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York"},{"name":"Center for Acute Respiratory Failure and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6213-5264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niall D.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, and"},{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, University Health Network and Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4456-4484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Bacchetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center East, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2931-4412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthieu","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, GRC 30 RESPIRE, UMRS_1166-ICAN, Paris, France"},{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Intensive-R\u00e9animation, Institut de Cardiologie, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9\u2013Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0813-3145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Brodie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000000653","article-title":"Outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation: an institutional experience and literature review","volume":"99","author":"Inci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.09.161","article-title":"Extracorporeal life support as a bridge to lung transplantation-experience of a high-volume transplant center","volume":"155","author":"Hoetzenecker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu373","article-title":"Difficult intubation in obese patients: incidence, risk factors, and complications in the operating theatre and in intensive care units","volume":"114","author":"De Jong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2016.02.002","article-title":"Prevalence of obesity in an intensive care unit patient population","volume":"35","author":"Dennis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib5","first-page":"23","article-title":"The association between obesity and outcomes in critically ill patients","volume":"22","author":"Wardell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-12-61","article-title":"Obesity survival paradox in pneumonia: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Nie","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005216","article-title":"Body mass index and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 and other diseases: a cohort study in 35,506 ICU patients","volume":"50","author":"Kooistra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib8","article-title":"Morbid obesity\u2019s impact on COVID-19 patients requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: the COVID-19 critical care consortium database review","author":"Javidfar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005788","article-title":"Age moderates the effect of obesity on mortality risk in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a nationwide observational cohort study","volume":"51","author":"den Uil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.117572","article-title":"Body mass index is associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"65","author":"Gong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.145086","article-title":"Influence of body mass index on outcome of the mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"66","author":"Anzueto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0163677","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163677","article-title":"\u201cObesity paradox\u201d in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Zhi","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1615-3","article-title":"Can body mass index predict clinical outcomes for patients with acute lung injury\/acute respiratory distress syndrome? A meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Ni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.9302","article-title":"Extracorporeal life support for adults with respiratory failure and related indications: a review","volume":"322","author":"Brodie","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202104-0897ED","article-title":"Appraising the real-life need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"204","author":"de Chambrun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800385","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"378","author":"Combes","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30506-X","article-title":"ECMO for ARDS: from salvage to standard of care?","volume":"7","author":"Abrams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14276","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and posterior probability of mortality benefit in a post hoc Bayesian analysis of a randomized clinical trial","volume":"320","author":"Goligher","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61069-2","article-title":"Efficacy and economic assessment of conventional ventilatory support versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory failure (CESAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial","volume":"374","author":"Peek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1250635","article-title":"Percutaneous cannulation for extracorporeal life support","volume":"59","author":"Ganslmeier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066618801547","article-title":"Percutaneous cannulation for extracorporeal life support in severely and morbidly obese patients","volume":"35","author":"Keyser","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000297885.60037.6E","article-title":"Effect of obesity on intensive care morbidity and mortality: a meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Akinnusi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.05.072","article-title":"Class III obesity is not a contraindication to venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support","volume":"100","author":"Kon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004454","article-title":"Does weight matter? Outcomes in adult patients on venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation when stratified by obesity class","volume":"131","author":"Galvagno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezab165","article-title":"Obesity is not a contraindication to veno-arterial extracorporeal life support","volume":"60","author":"Salna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-021-00943-0","article-title":"Impact of obesity on survival in COVID-19 ARDS patients receiving ECMO: results from an ambispective observational cohort","volume":"11","author":"Daviet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-022-06926-4","article-title":"Impact of BMI on outcomes in respiratory ECMO: an ELSO registry study","volume":"49","author":"Peetermans","year":"2023","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib28","first-page":"A2568","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality in the extremely obese patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"197","author":"Rudym","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005145","article-title":"Prone-positioning for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"50","author":"Petit","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201806-1094OC","article-title":"Mechanical ventilation management during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: an international multicenter prospective cohort","volume":"200","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2014.10.008","article-title":"Obesity in pregnancy","volume":"29","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib32","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201609-1771OC","article-title":"Favorable neurocognitive outcome with low tidal volume ventilation after cardiac arrest","volume":"195","author":"Beitler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201808-564PS","article-title":"Control of confounding and reporting of results in causal inference studies. guidance for authors from editors of respiratory, sleep, and critical care journals","volume":"16","author":"Lederer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l1042","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l1042","article-title":"Body mass index and all cause mortality in HUNT and UK Biobank studies: linear and non-linear mendelian randomisation analyses","volume":"364","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2022.154162","article-title":"The impact of obesity on the outcome of severe SARS-CoV-2 ARDS in a high volume ECMO centre: ECMO and corticosteroids support the obesity paradox","volume":"72","author":"Balik","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00185211","article-title":"Impact of obesity on outcomes for patients hospitalised with pneumonia","volume":"41","author":"King","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1682-5","article-title":"Obesity and survival in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a paradox within the paradox","volume":"21","author":"Ball","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.1.144","article-title":"Total respiratory system, lung, and chest wall mechanics in sedated-paralyzed postoperative morbidly obese patients","volume":"109","author":"Pelosi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0291","article-title":"Epidemiology, patterns of care, and mortality for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensive care units in 50 countries","volume":"315","author":"Bellani","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2490-7","article-title":"ECMO criteria for influenza A (H1N1)-associated ARDS: role of transpulmonary pressure","volume":"38","author":"Grasso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201605-1055OC","article-title":"Bedside contribution of electrical impedance tomography to setting positive end-expiratory pressure for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-treated patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"196","author":"Franchineau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012204384032600_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202201-070RL","article-title":"Changes to hospital availability of prone positioning after the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"19","author":"Audhya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/208\/6\/685\/66432378\/ajrccm_208_6_685.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/208\/6\/685\/66432378\/ajrccm_208_6_685.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T09:38:59Z","timestamp":1769074739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/208\/6\/685\/8426806"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.202212-2293oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}