{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T04:05:05Z","timestamp":1794024305834,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":283,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.atsjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) commonly complicates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the rate of change in pulmonary hemodynamics in IPF remains poorly defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the rate of change in pulmonary hemodynamics among patients with IPF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rate of change in mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was examined in patients with IPF listed for lung transplantation. The fifth and seventh World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension definitions for precapillary PH were used in this analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 496 patients with IPF who had at least two right heart catheterizations (RHCs) while listed for lung transplantation. The median time between repeated RHCs was 9 months (interquartile range [IQR], 6 to 14 mo). PH was present in 25.8% and 46.8% at the first RHC, whereas 42.9% and 64.3% had PH by the two definitions, respectively, at the time of the final RHC. The median rate of change in the mPAP and PVR were 3.8 mm Hg\/yr (IQR, \u22120.9 to 11.8) and 0.8 Wood units\/yr (IQR, \u22120.2 to 2.4), respectively. The rate of PVR change was slower for those with established PH than those without PH. A total of 28.6% of the patients had accelerated progression of their hemodynamics, arbitrarily defined as an increase in PVR of \u2a7e2 Wood units\/yr.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PH associated with IPF tends to progress in an unpredictable fashion, with some patients demonstrating an accelerated phenotype. Among patients with RHC hemodynamics below the threshold for therapy, close vigilance is warranted, with consideration for an early repeat RHC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202411-2157oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T11:33:46Z","timestamp":1739187226000},"page":"984-991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Serial Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Listed for Lung Transplant"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"211","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6270-1617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven D.","family":"Nathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Cheol","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shambhu","family":"Aryal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zein","family":"Kattih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana A.","family":"Shlobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikramjit","family":"Khangoora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhimanyu","family":"Chandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.3.746","article-title":"Prevalence and outcomes of pulmonary arterial hypertension in advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"129","author":"Lettieri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202212-2342CI","article-title":"Progress in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease","volume":"208","author":"Nathan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00107206","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in patients with pulmonary fibrosis awaiting lung transplant","volume":"30","author":"Shorr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20458940211005641","DOI":"10.1177\/20458940211005641","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a patient experience study of symptoms and their impact on quality of life","volume":"11","author":"DuBrock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2008470","article-title":"Inhaled treprostinil in pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease","volume":"384","author":"Waxman","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2022.02.012","article-title":"Screening strategies for pulmonary hypertension in patients with interstitial lung disease: a multidisciplinary Delphi study","volume":"162","author":"Rahaghi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401200","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01200-2024","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung diseases","volume":"64","author":"Shlobin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1159\/000114246","article-title":"Serial development of pulmonary hypertension in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"76","author":"Nathan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12986","article-title":"Progression of mean pulmonary arterial pressure in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with mild to moderate restriction","volume":"22","author":"Teramachi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01032-2015","article-title":"ESC\/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT)","volume":"46","author":"Gali\u00e8","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401324","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01324-2024","article-title":"Definition, classification and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"64","author":"Kovacs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-0116","article-title":"High-resolution chest CT findings do not predict the presence of pulmonary hypertension in advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"132","author":"Zisman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2485","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary function testing in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"131","author":"Nathan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1159\/000524263","article-title":"The effect of borderline pulmonary hypertension on survival in chronic lung disease","volume":"101","author":"Piccari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2023-220179","article-title":"Mild elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance predicts mortality regardless of mean pulmonary artery pressure in mild interstitial lung disease","volume":"79","author":"Sato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200202-135OC","article-title":"Interstitial vascularity in fibrosing alveolitis","volume":"167","author":"Renzoni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1159\/000339105","article-title":"Plasma endothelin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor levels and their relationship to hemodynamics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"84","author":"Ventetuolo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026031105395490100_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.009860","article-title":"Angiogenic cytokines in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia","volume":"59","author":"Simler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorax"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/211\/6\/984\/67296645\/ajrccm_211_6_984.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/211\/6\/984\/67296645\/ajrccm_211_6_984.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T09:40:04Z","timestamp":1773222004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/211\/6\/984\/8513763"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.202411-2157oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}