{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:30:25Z","timestamp":1773757825247,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]],"date-time":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study tested the hypotheses that (1) acute cerebral hypoxia\u2013ischemia changes laryngeal adductor, laryngeal abductor, and diaphragmatic activities, resulting in central apnea with laryngeal closure; and (2) these laryngeal muscle activities act to maintain absolute lung volume. The respiratory pattern was determined in three asphyxiated, awake preterm lambs after cesarean section birth and in 12 awake, term lambs, with normal lung function, after induction of acute cerebral hypoxia\u2013ischemia by occlusion of the brachiocephalic artery. Electrocorticogram activity, flow, volume, electromyograms of laryngeal abductor and adductor muscles and diaphragm, and, in the term lambs, trans-upper airway pressure and carotid blood flow were recorded. With either preterm birth asphyxia or induced acute cerebral hypoxia\u2013ischemia, minute ventilation initially increased, and then hypopnea occurred. During the hypopnea, laryngeal adductor activity was prominent, accompanied by an increased upper airway pressure and a maintained\/raised absolute lung volume. Thus, when acute hypoxia\u2013ischemia limited to the upper body is induced in lambs with normal lung function, expiratory laryngeal adduction with closure of the upper airway occurs and likely functions to aid autoresuscitation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2101024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,28]],"date-time":"2002-07-28T19:17:19Z","timestamp":1027883839000},"page":"85-91","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Laryngeal Muscle Activities with Cerebral Hypoxia\u2013Ischemia in Newborn Lambs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Alastair A.","family":"Hutchison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Burchfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Wozniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sondra J.","family":"Mohrman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30109-X","volume":"25","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB2"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6458.1563","volume":"289","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30040-X","volume":"26","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(87)80054-3","volume":"70","year":"1987","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1977.43.3.468","volume":"43","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1989.69.1.33","volume":"69","year":"1989","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1987.67.1.187","volume":"67","year":"1987","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB9","first-page":"55","volume":"ii","year":"1967","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB10"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB11","first-page":"32","volume":"51","year":"1962","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB12","first-page":"121","volume":"51","year":"1962","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.41.3.549","volume":"41","year":"1968","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.1.121","volume":"75","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb18085.x","volume":"83","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.86.5.1561","volume":"86","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/3.3-4.307","volume":"3","year":"1980","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB18","first-page":"203","volume":"97","year":"1963","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB19","first-page":"313","volume":"93","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(69)80100-9","volume":"75","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB21","first-page":"249","volume":"6","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Dev Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(72)90009-6","volume":"15","year":"1972","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB23","first-page":"551","volume":"15","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80279-X","volume":"99","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1981.51.1.204","volume":"51","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB26"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB27","first-page":"223","volume":"66","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(94)00128-M","volume":"100","year":"1995","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(96)00013-8","volume":"104","year":"1996","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB30"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.72.3.962","volume":"72","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(80)90090-0","volume":"40","year":"1980","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB33","first-page":"13","volume":"28","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.5.9807088","volume":"159","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.3.1262","volume":"76","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB36"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB37"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.44.238.719","volume":"44","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB39","first-page":"575","volume":"58","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.6.2007","volume":"60","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-199404000-00004","volume":"6","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70058-7","volume":"133","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB43"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB44","first-page":"571","volume":"ii","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB45"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(82)80003-6","volume":"101","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026031623171284400_BIB47","first-page":"310A\/1847","volume":"31","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/166\/1\/85\/67362336\/ajrccm_166_1_85.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article-pdf\/166\/1\/85\/67362336\/ajrccm_166_1_85.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T03:23:14Z","timestamp":1773717794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/article\/166\/1\/85\/8515852"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.2101024","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]}}}