{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T04:47:10Z","timestamp":1762145230852,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":1,"publisher":"Magnolia Press","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zootaxa"],"abstract":"Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002 is assigned to a new genus Semigothograptus. New, well preserved material from the dubius\/nassa Biozone (upper Homerian, Silurian) of the Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core Poland is described. This provides a new phylogenetic perspective on the evolution of post-lundgreni Event retiolitines. Semigothograptus meganassa is considered to be a descendant of Gothograptus nassa, although one of the most significant differences between these forms is the position of the nema, and narrow finite tubarium ending in an appendix in G. nassa. S. meganassa possesses looping meshes of the ancora umbrella recognised in Gothograptus, Papiliograptus, and Baculograptus and shares the common characters of all stratigraphical younger retiolitines. It is recognised that the S. meganassa is known from four terrains: Avalonia, Baltica, Bohemia, and Saxo-Thuringia. Analysis of the genicular hoods of nassa type, characteristic of Gothograptus nassa, Gothograptus kozlowskii, Semigothograptus meganassa, and Neogothograptus eximinassa, demonstrates their unique, solid bandage construction.\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.4208.6.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]],"date-time":"2016-12-21T01:30:35Z","timestamp":1482283835000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards\u00a0&amp; Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post-lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock)"],"prefix":"10.11646","volume":"4208","author":[{"given":"ANNA","family":"KOZ\u0141OWSKA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4913","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"39617","unstructured":"

Bates, D.E.B. (1990) Retiolite nomenclature and relationships. Journal of the Geological Society<\/em>, 147, 717\u2013723.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/gsjgs.147.4.0717<\/p>

Bates, D.E.B. & Kirk, N.H. (1984) Autecology of Silurian graptoloids. Special Papers in Palaeontology<\/em>, <\/em>32, 121\u2013139.<\/p>

Bates, D.E.B., Koz\u0142owska, A. & Lenz, A.C. (2005) Silurian retiolitid graptolites: Morphology and evolution. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica<\/em>, 50, 705\u2013720.<\/p>

Bou\u010dek, B. & M\u00fcnch, A. (1952) Retioliti st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho svrchn\u00edho wenlocku a ludlowu. Sborn\u00edk \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edho \u00fastavu geologick\u00e9ho, oddil paleontologick\u00fd<\/em>, 19, 1\u2013151.<\/p>

Calner, M. (2008) Silurian global events \u2013 at the tipping point of climate change. In<\/em>: Elewa, A.M.T. (Ed.), Mass extinctions<\/em>. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, pp. 21\u201358.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-75916-4_4<\/p>

Frech, F. (1897) Lethaea geognostica, 1 Lethaea palaeozoica<\/em>, II. Graptolithiden, Stuttgart, 544\u2013684.<\/p>

Guti\u00e9rres-Marco, J.C., Lenz, A.C., Robardet, M. & Pi\u00e7arra, J.M. (1996) Wenlock-Ludlow graptolite biostratigraphy and extinction: A reassessment from the southwestern Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences<\/em>, <\/em>33, 656\u201363.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/e96-049<\/p>

Holm, G. (1890) Gotlands graptoliter. Svenska<\/em> Vetenskap-Akademiens handlingar<\/em>, 16, 1\u201334.<\/p>

Jaeger, H., (1991) Neue Standard-Graptolithenzonenfolge nach der \u201cGrossen Krise\u201d und der Wenlock\/Ludlow-Grenze (Silur). Neues Jahrbuch f\u00fcr Geologie und Pal\u00e4ontologie - Abhandlungen<\/em>, 182, 303\u2013354. [in German with English abstract]<\/p>

Jeppsson, L. & Calner, M. (2003) The Silurian Mulde event and a scenario for secundo\u2013secundo events. Transaction of the Royal Society Edinburgh of Earth Sciences<\/em>, <\/em>93, 135\u2013154.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0263593300000377<\/p>

Koren\u2019, T.N. (1991) The C. lundgreni <\/em>extinction event in Central Asia and its bearing on graptolite biochronology within the Homerian. Proceedings of Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology<\/em>, <\/em>40, 74\u201378.<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska, A. (2015) Evolutionary history of the Gothograptus<\/em> lineage of the Retiolitidae (Graptolithina). Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences<\/em>, 64, 56\u201361.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3176\/earth.2015.10<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska, A. & Radzevi\u010dius, S. (2013) Upper Homerian and Gorstian (Silurian) Retiolitidae (Graptolithina) from Lithuania and Latvia. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists<\/em>, <\/em>44, 11\u201323.<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska A., Lenz, A.C. & Melchin, M. (2009) Evolution of the retiolitid Neogothograptus <\/em>(Graptolithina) and its new species from the upper Wenlock of Poland, Baltica. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica<\/em>, <\/em>54, 423\u2013434.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4202\/app.2008.0022<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk , A. (1990) The genus Gothograptus <\/em>(Graptolithina) from the Wenlock of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica<\/em>, <\/em>35, 191\u2013209.<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk, A. (1995) Silurian retiolitids of the East European Platform. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica<\/em>, <\/em>40, 261\u2013326.<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk, A. (1997) Retiolitid graptolite Spinograptus <\/em>from Poland and its membrane structures. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica<\/em>, <\/em>42, 391\u2013412.<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk , A. (2001) Phylogenetic relationships within the Retiolitidae (Graptolithina) and a new genus, Cometograptus<\/em>. Lethaia<\/em>, <\/em>34, 84\u201396.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/002411601300068314<\/p>

Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk, A. (2004) Evolution of retiolitid graptolites - a synopsis.<\/em> Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, <\/em>49, 505\u2013518.<\/em><\/p>

Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk, A., Lenz, A.C. & \u0160torch, P. (2001) Upper Wenlock and lower Ludlow (Silurian), post-extinction graptolites, V\u0161eradice section, Barrandian area, Czech Republic. Journal of Paleontology<\/em>, 75, 147\u2013164.
h<\/a>ttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1666\/0022-3360(2001)075%3C0147:UWALLS%3E2.0.CO;2<\/a><\/p>

Lapworth, C. (1873) Notes on the British graptolites and their allies. 1. On an improved classification of the Rhabdophora<\/em>. Geological Magazine<\/em>, 10, 500\u2013504, 555\u2013560.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0016756800469372<\/p>

Lenz, A.C. (1993) Late Wenlock and Ludlow (Silurian) Plectograptinae (retiolitid graptolites), Cape Phillips Formation, Arctic Canada. Bulletins of American Paleontology<\/em>, <\/em>104, 1\u201352.<\/p>

Lenz, A.C. (1994a) Uppermost Wenlock and lower Ludlow plectograptine graptolites, Arctic Islands, Canada: new isolated material. Journal of Paleontology<\/em>, <\/em>68, 851\u2013860.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0022336000026305<\/p>

Lenz, A.C. (1994b) A sclerotized retiolitid, and its bearing on origin and evolution of Silurian retiolitid graptolites. Journal of Paleontology<\/em>, <\/em>68, 1344\u20131349.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0022336000034326<\/p>

Lenz, A.C. & Koz\u0142owska, A. (2006) Graptolites from the lundgreni<\/em> Biozone (Lower Homerian, Silurian), Arctic Islands, Canada: new species and supplementary material. Journal of Paleontology<\/em>, 80, 616\u2013637.
h<\/a>ttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1666\/0022-3360(2006)80[616:GFTLBL]2.0.CO;2<\/a><\/p>

Lenz, A.C. & Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk, A. (2002) Upper Homerian (Upper Wenlock, Silurian) graptolites from Arctic Canada. Journal of Paleontology<\/em>, 76, 321\u2013346.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0022336000041731<\/p>

Lenz, A.C. & Melchin, M.J. (1987) Silurian retiolitids from the Cape Phillips Formation, Arctic Canada. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark<\/em>, <\/em>35, 161\u2013170.<\/p>

Maletz, J. (2008) Retiolitid graptolites from the collection of Hermann Jaeger in the Museum f\u00fcr Naturkunde, Berlin (Germany). I. Neogothograptus<\/em> and Holoretiolites<\/em>. Pal\u00e4ontologische Zeitschrift<\/em>, 82, 285\u2013307.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02988896<\/p>

Maletz, J. (2010) Retiolitid graptolites from the collection of Hermann Jaeger II: Cometograptus<\/em>, Spinograptus<\/em> and Plectograptus<\/em>. Pal\u00e4ontologische Zeitschrift<\/em>, 84, 501\u2013522.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12542-010-0065-x<\/p>

Melchin, M.J., Mitchell, C.E., Naczk-Cameron, A., Fan, J.X. & Loxton, J. (2011) Phylogeny and adaptive radiation of the Neograptina (Graptoloida) during the Hirnantian Mass Extinction and Silurian recovery. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society<\/em>, <\/em>58, 1\u201330.
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/pygs.58.4.301<\/p>

Obut, A.M. & Zaslavskaya, N.M. (1976) New data on the early stages of Retiolitidae development. In<\/em>: <\/em>Kaljo, D. & Koren\u2019, T.N. (Eds.), Graptolites and Stratigraphy<\/em>. Academy of Sciences of Estonian SSR, Institute of Geology, Tallinn, pp. 119\u2013127.<\/p>

Obut, A.M. & Zaslavskaya, N.M. (1983) Families of Retiolitida and their phylogenetical relations [in Russian]. In<\/em>: Dagys, A.S. & Dubatolov, V.N. (Eds.), Morphology and Systematics of the Phanerozoic Invertebrates<\/em>. Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskva, pp. 103\u2013113.<\/p>

Por\u0119bska, E., Koz\u0142owska-Dawidziuk, A. & Masiak, M. (2004) The lundgreni<\/em> event in the Silurian of the East European Platform, Poland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology<\/em>, 213, 271\u2013294.
http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.palaeo.2004.07.013<\/p>

Rickards, R.B. & Palmer, D.C. (2002) Gothograptus<\/em>? meganassa <\/em>sp. nov., an unusually large retiolitid graptoloid from the Late Wenlock ludensis <\/em>Biozone of Long Mountain, Shropshire, UK. Special Papers in Palaeontology<\/em>, 67, 225\u2013232.<\/p>

Suess, E. (1851) \u00dcber b\u00f6hmische Graptolithen. Naturwissenschaftliche Abhandlungen von Haidinger<\/em>, 4, 87\u2013134.<\/p>

\u0160torch, P. (1995) Biotic crises and post-crisis recoveries recorded by Silurian planktonic graptolite faunas of the Barrandian area (Czech Republic). Geolines<\/em>, <\/em>3, 59\u201370.<\/p>

Tomczyk, H. (1974) Bartoszyce IG-1, Go\u0142dap IG-1. In<\/em>: <\/em>Modli\u0144ski, Z. (Ed.), <\/em>Profile g\u0142\u0119bokich otwor\u00f3w wiertniczych Instytutu Geologicznego, <\/em>14, pp. 1\u2013362.<\/p>

<\/p>"}],"container-title":["Zootaxa"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mapress.com\/zt\/article\/download\/zootaxa.4208.6.2\/9715","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mapress.com\/zt\/article\/download\/zootaxa.4208.6.2\/9715","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T23:03:52Z","timestamp":1691103832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mapress.com\/zt\/article\/view\/zootaxa.4208.6.2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]]},"references-count":1,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4208.6.2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-5334","1175-5326"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1175-5334"},{"type":"print","value":"1175-5326"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]]}}}