{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T18:41:38Z","timestamp":1793472098545,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":1,"publisher":"Magnolia Press","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zootaxa"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. 4. Little Brown, Boston, 380 pp.Aguirrezabalaga, F., Altuna, A., Borja, A., Feliu, J., Garc\u00edaCarrascosa, A.M., Romero, A., San Vicente, C., Torres-G\u00f3mez-de-C\u00e1diz, J.A., Uriz, M.J. &amp; Ib\u00e1nez, M. (1984) Contribuci\u00f3n al conocimiento de la fauna marina de la costa Vasca. \u03a0. Lurralde, Investigaci\u00f3n y espacio, 1984, pp. 83\u2013133.Alder, J. (1856) A notice of some new genera and species of British hydroid zoophytes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2, 18, 353\u2013362.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222935608697652Allman, G.J. (1873) Interim report on the hydroids collected by L.F. de Pourtal\u00e8s during the Gulf Stream exploration of United States coast survey. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 3 (7), 185\u2013186.Allman, G.J. (1874) Report on the Hydroida collected during the expeditions of H.M.S. \u2018Porcupine.\u2019 Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 8, 469\u2013481.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1874.tb00566.xAllman, G.J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L.F. de Pourtal\u00e8s, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1\u201366.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.15852Allman, G.J. (1883) Report on the Hydroida dredged by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873\u201376. I. Plumularidae. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873\u20131876, 1\u201355, pls. 1\u201320.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11299Altuna, A. (2012) New records of bathyal Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from the Bay of Biscay and the northwestern Iberian Peninsula (northeastern Atlantic). Zootaxa, 3565 (1), 1\u201317.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3565.1.1Altuna Prados, A. &amp; \u00c1lvarez Claudio, C. (1994) El g\u00e9nero Zygophylax Quelch, 1885 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) en el Golfo de Vizcaya. Miscel.l\u00e0nia Zool\u00f2gica, 17, 1\u221216.Alvarez Claudio, M.C. (1993) Hidrozoos bentonicos y Cat\u00e1logo de Antozoos de la Plataforma y Talud Continentales de la costa central de Asturias. Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, 458 pp.Alvarez Claudio, M.C. (1995) Some records of the superfamily Plumularioidea L. Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Bay of Biscay. Miscel\u00b7l\u00e0nia Zool\u00f2gica, 18, 9\u221220.Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J. (1992) Hidrozoos de la R\u00eda de Vigo. Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Galicia, 282 pp.Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J. (1998) Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) recolectados por las expediciones holandesas \u201cCANCAP\u201d en el Atl\u00e1ntico nor-oriental. Tesis Doctoral, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Galicia, 675 pp. Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zoologische verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1\u2013268.Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ramil, F. (2014) Hydroids of the families Kirchenpaueriidae Stechow, 1921 and Plumulariidae McCrady, 1859 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected in the Western Pacific Ocean by various French Expeditions. Zoosystema, 36, 789\u2013840.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5252\/z2014n4a6Ar\u00e9valo y Carretero, C. (1906) Contribuci\u00f3n al estudio de los Hidrozoarios espa\u00f1oles existentes en la Estaci\u00f3n de Biolog\u00eda mar\u00edtima de Santander. Memorias de la Real Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Historia Natural, 4 (3), 79\u2013109.Avila, S.P. &amp; Malaquias, M.A.E. (2003) Biogeographical relationships of the molluscan fauna of the Ormonde Seamount (Gorringe Bank, Northeast Atlantic Ocean). Journal of Molluscan Studies, 69, 145\u2013150.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mollus\/69.2.145Bale, W.M. (1915) Report on the Hydroida collected in the Great Australian Bight and other localities. Part III. Fish. Zool. (biol) Biological Results of the Fishing Experiments Carried on by the F.I.S. \u201cEndeavour\u201d, 1909\u201314, 3 (5), 304\u2013307.Bedot, M. (1916) Sur le genre Kirchenpaueria. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 24 (11), 637\u2013648.Bedot, M. (1917) Le genre Nemertesia. M\u00e9moire de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Physique et d\u2019Histoire Naturelle de Gen\u00e8ve, 39 (1), 15\u201352.Bedot, M. (1921a) Notes syst\u00e9matiques sur les plumularides. 2me partie. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 29 (1), 1\u201340.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.84689Bedot, M. (1921b) Hydro\u00efdes provenant des campagnes des yachts Hirondelle et Princesse\u2013Alice (1887\u20131912). I. Plumulariidae. R\u00e9sultats des Campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par le Prince Albert Ier de Monaco, 60, 1\u201373.Bedot, M. (1923) Notes syst\u00e9matiques sur les plumularides. 3me partie. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 30 (7), 213\u2013243.Billard, A. (1901) Note sur l\u2019Antennularia antennina Lin. et sur l\u2019A. perrieri n. sp. Bulletin du Muse\u00ecum national d\u2019histoire naturelle, Paris, 7, 68\u201375.Billard, A. (1904) Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des Hydro\u00efdes (multiplication, regeneration, greffes, variations). Annales des sciences naturelles, Zoologie, Series 8, 20, 1\u2013251.Billard, A (1906a) Hydro\u00efdes. In: Mission des p\u00eacheries de la c\u00f4te occidental d\u2019Afrique, III. Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 61, 69\u201376.Billard, A. (1906b) Hydro\u00efdes. In: Exp\u00e9ditions scientifiques du \u201cTravailleur\u201d et du \u201cTalisman\u201d pendant les ann\u00e9es 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, etc. Masson &amp; Cie., Paris, pp. 153\u2013243.Billard, A. (1906c) Note sur les Hydro\u00efdes du Travailleur et du Talisman. Bulletin du Muse\u00ecum national d\u2019histoire naturelle, 12 (5), 329\u2013334.Billard, A. (1931) Hydro\u00efdes de Mauritanie. Bulletin du Mus\u00e9um national d\u2019histoire naturelle, Series 2, 3 (7), 673\u2013678.Billard, A. (1934) Note sur quelques hydro\u00efdes du Maroc. Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Zoologique de France, 59, 227\u2013231.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Boero, F. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1993) Zoogeography and life cycle patterns of Mediterranean hydromedusae (Cnidaria). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 48, 239\u2013266.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00890.xBoero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123\u2013150.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439-0485.1986.tb00152.xBouillon, J. (1984) R\u00e9vision de la famille des Phialuciidae (Kramp, 1955) (Leptomedusae, Hydrozoa, Cnidaria), avec un essai de classification des Thecatae-Leptomedusae. Indo-Malayan Zoology, 1, 1\u201324.Bouillon, J., Massin, C. &amp; Kresevic, R. (1995) Hydroidomedusae de l\u2019Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Documents de travail de l\u2019Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 78, 3\u2013106.Bouillon, J., Medel, M.D., Pag\u00e8s, F., Gili, J.M., Boero, F. &amp; Gravili, C. (2004) Fauna of the Mediterranean Hydrozoa. Scientia Marina, 68 (2), 5\u2013438.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3989\/scimar.2004.68s25Bouillon, J., Gravili, C., Pag\u00e8s, F., Gili, J.M. &amp; Boero, F. (2006) An introduction to Hydrozoa. Editions du Mus\u00e9um, Paris, 591 pp.Broch, H. (1913) Hydroida from the \u201cMichael Sars\u201d North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910. In: Report on the scientific results of the \u201cMichael Sars\u201d north Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910 3(1) Zoology, 1\u201318.Broch, H. (1914) Hydrozoa benthonica. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Beitr\u00e4ge zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas. Vol. 1. Friederichsen, Hamburg, pp. 19\u201350.Browne, E.T. (1907) The Hydroida collected by the \u201cHuxley\u201d from the North Side of the Bay of Biscay in August, 1906. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 8, 15\u201337.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S002531540004371XBuchanan, J.B. (1957) The hydroid fauna of the Gold Coast. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 56 (3\u20134), 349\u2013372.Burdon-Jones, C. &amp; Tambs-Lyche, H. (1960) Observations on the fauna of the North Brattholmen stone-coral reef near Bergen. \u00c5rbok for Universitetet i Bergen, Matematisk\u2013naturvitenskapling, 1960 (4), 1\u201324.Cairns, S.D. &amp; Chapman, R.E. (2001) Biogeographic affinities of the North Atlantic deep-water Scleractinia. In: Willison, J.H.M., Hall, J., Gass, S.E., Kenchington, E.L.R., Butler, M. &amp; Doherty, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the First International Sympo-sium on Deep-Sea Corals. Ecology Action Centre, Halifax, pp. 30\u201357Calder, D.R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1\u2013107.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.52225Calder, D.R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1\u2013140.Calder, D.R. (1997) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: superfamily Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 161, 1\u201385.Calder, D.R. (1998) Hydroid diversity and species composition along a gradient from shallow waters to deep sea around Bermuda. Deep-Sea Research I, 45, 1843\u20131860.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0967-0637(98)00044-2Calder, D.R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171 (1), 1\u201377.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3171.1.1Calder, D.R. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) Some hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in the North Atlantic Ocean. Zoologische verhandelingen, Leiden, 319, 1\u201365.Calero, B., Ramil, F. &amp; Ramos, A. (2017) Echinoderms of the Mauritanian Deep-Sea Waters. In: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 445\u2013480.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_12Castillo, S. (2017) Marine Mollusc (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) from Northwest Africa. Undergraduate dissertation, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Ourense, Vigo, Galicia, 422 pp.Christiansen, B.O. (1972). The hydroid fauna of the Oslo Fjord in Norway. Norwegian Journal of Zoology, 20, 279\u2013310.Clarke, S.F. (1879) Report on the Hydroida collected during the Exploration of the Gulf Stream of Mexico by Alexander Agassiz, 1877\u201378. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 5, 239\u2013252, pls. 1\u20135.Collins, J.S.H., Ross, A.J., Genzano, G. &amp; Mianzan, H. (2006) Earleria gen. nov. &amp; Gabriella gen. nov., replacement names for Foersteria Arai &amp; Brinckmann-Voss, 1980 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Mitrocomidae) and Foersteria Wehner, 1988 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Prosopidae), junior homonyms of Foersteria Szepligeti, 1896 (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum, 33, 125\u2013126.Cornelius, P.F.S. (1975) A revision of the species of Lafoeidae and Haleciidae (Coelenterata: Hydroida) recorded from Britain and nearby seas. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 28, 375\u2013426.Cornelius, P.F.S. (1979) A revision of species Sertulariidae (Coelenterata: Hydroida) recorded from Britain and nearby seas. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 34 (6), 243\u2013321.Cornelius, P.F.S. (1995a) North-West European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Part 1. Part 1. Introduction, Laodiceidae to Haleciidae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 50, 1\u2013347.Cornelius, P.F.S. (1995b) North-West European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Part 2. Sertulariidae to Campanulariidae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 50, 1\u2013386.De Matos Pita, S. (2015) Crust\u00e1ceos Dec\u00e1podos de aguas profundas de Mauritania (\u00c1frica Noroccidental). Undergraduate dissertation, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Ourense, Vigo, Galicia, 308 pp.Di Camillo, C.G., Boero, F., Gravili, C., Previati, M., Torsani, F. &amp; Cerrano, C. (2013) Distribution, ecology and morphology of Lytocarpia myriophyllum (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), a Mediterranean Sea habitat former to protect. Biodiversity and Conservation, 22,773\u2013789.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10531-013-0449-9Dons, C. (1944) Norges korallrev. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Forhandlinger, 16, 37\u201382.Ehrenberg, C.G. (1834) Beitr\u00e4ge zur physiologischen Kenntniss der Corallenthiere im allgemeinen, und besonders des rothen Meeres, nebst einem Versuche zur physiologischen Systematik derselben. Abhandlung der K\u00f6niglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin, 1, 225\u2013380.Eschscholtz, F. (1829) System der Acalephen. Eine ausf\u00fchrliche Beschreibung aller medusenartigen Strahltiere. Ferdinand D\u00fcmmler, Berlin, 190 pp.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.10139Fey, A. (1969) Peuplements sessiles de l\u2019archipel de Gl\u00e9nan. 1.-Inventaire: hydraires. Vie Milieu, 20 (2), 387\u2013414.Fraser, C.M. (1912) Some hydroids of Beaufort, North Carolina. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Fisheries, 30, 337\u2013387.Fraser, C.M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp.Freiwald, A., Foss\u00e5, J.H., Grehan, A., Koslow, T. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2004) Cold-water coral reefs. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, Biodiversity Series, 22, 1\u201384.Freiwald, A., Beuck, L., Lund\u00e4lv, T. &amp; Wienberg, C. (2012) General morphology and preliminary biological inventory of the Mauritanian cold-water coral habitats. In: Westphal, H., Beuck, L., Braun, S., Freiwald, A., Hanebuth, T., Hetzinger, S., Klicpera, A., Kudrass, H., Lantzsch, H., Lund\u00e4lv, T., Mateu Vicens, G., Preto, N., Reumont, J.V., Schilling, S., Taviani, M. &amp; Wienberg, C. (Eds.), Report of Cruise Maria S. Merian 16\/3\u2014Phaeton\u2014Paleoceanographic and paleo\u02d7climatic record on the Mauritanian shelf. 13 October. 13\u201320 November 2010. Bremerhaven (Allemagne)\u02d7Mindelo (Cap Verde). Maria S. Merian\u02d7Berichte, Leibniz\u02d7ZMT, Bremen, pp. 28\u201340.Galea, H.R. (2007) Hydroids and hydromedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile. Zootaxa, 1597, 1\u2013116.Genzano, G.N. &amp; Zamponi, M.O. (1999) Natural history of Bimeria vestita Wright, 1859 (Hydrozoa, Bougainvilliidae) in the rocky intertal of Mar del Plata (Argentina). Ciencias Marinas, 25, 63\u201374.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7773\/cm.v25i1.652Gil, M. (2017) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Northwest Africa. Undergraduate dissertation, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Ourense, Vigo, Galicia, 458 pp.Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2017a) Hydrozoans from Mauritanian Deep-Waters. In: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 419\u2013444.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_11Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2017b) The genus Diphasia L. Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Northwest Africa. Zootaxa, 4363 (3), 301\u2013349.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4363.3.1Gili, J.M., Vervoort, W. &amp; Pag\u00e8s, F. (1989) Hydroids from the West African coast: Guinea Bissau, Namibia and South Africa. Scientia Marina, 53 (1), 67\u2013112.Gmelin, J.F. (1791) Caroli a Linn\u00e9, systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima tertia, aucta reformata. Tomus I. Pars 6. G. E. Beer, Lipsiae, 1100 pp. [pp. 3021\u20134120]Gravili, C., Di Camillo, C.G., Piraino, S. &amp; Boero, F. (2013) Hydrozoan species richness in the Mediterranean Sea: past and present. Marine Ecology, 34, 41\u201362.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/maec.12023Gravili, C., De Vito, D., Di Camillo, C.G., Martell, L., Piraino, S. &amp; Boero, F. (2015) The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide. Zootaxa, 3908 (1), 1\u2013187.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3908.1.1Gray, J.E. (1848) List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Centroniae or radiated animals. British Museum, London, 173 pp.Hassall, A.H. (1841) Supplement to a catalogue of Irish Zoophytes. Annals of natural history, Series 1, 7 (44), 276\u2013287.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03745484109442700Henry, L.A. (2001) Hydroids associated with deep-sea corals in the boreal north-west Atlantic. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 81, 163\u2013164.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315401003502Henry, L.A. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2007) Biodiversity and ecological composition of macrobenthos on cold-water coral mounds and adjacent off-mound habitat in the bathyal Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 54, 654\u2013672.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsr.2007.01.005Henry, L.A. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2016) Global Biodiversity in Cold-Water Coral Reef Ecosystems. In: Rossi, S., Bramanti, L., Gori, A. &amp; Orejas Saco del Valle, C. (Eds.), Marine Animal Forests. Springer, Cham, pp. 235\u2013256.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-21012-4_6Henry, L.A., Nizinski, M.S. &amp; Ross, S.W. (2008) Occurrence and biogeography of hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from deep-water coral habitats off the southeastern United States. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 55, 788\u2013800.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsr.2008.03.002Henry, L.A., Frank, N., Hebbeln, D., Wienberg, C., Robinson, L., Van de Flierdt, T., Dahl, M., Douarin, M., Morrison, C.L., L\u00f3pez Correa, M., Rogers, A.D., Ruckelshausen, M. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2014) Global ocean conveyor lowers extinction risk in the deep sea. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 88, 8\u201316.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsr.2014.03.004Hincks, T. (1861) A catalogue of the zoophytes of south Devon and South Cornwall. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 8, 251\u2013262.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222936108697413Hincks, T. (1868) A history of the British hydroid zoophytes. John van Voorst, London, 338 pp.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.1322Hirohito, E.S. (1995) The hydroids of Sagami Bay II. Thecata. Biological Laboratory Imperial Household, Tokyo, pp. 1\u2013355.Izquierdo, M.S., Garc\u00eda-Corrales, P., Bacallado, J.J. (1986b) Contribuci\u00f3n al conocimiento de los hidrozoos caliptobl\u00e1stidos del Archipi\u00e9lago Canario. Parte II: Plumulariidae. Bolet\u00edn del Instituto Espa\u00f1ol de Oceanograf\u00eda, 3 (2), 49\u201366.J\u00e4derholm, \u0395. (1909) Northern and Arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum (Riksmuseum). IV. Hydroiden. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar, 45 (1), 1\u2013124.J\u00e4derholm, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna Japans. Arkiv f\u00f6r Zoologi, 12 (9), 1\u201334.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Jensen, A. &amp; Frederiksen, R. (1992) The fauna associated with the bank-forming deepwater coral Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinaria) on the Faroe shelf. Sarsia, 77 (1), 53\u201369.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00364827.1992.10413492Jickeli, C.F. (1883) Der Bau der Hydroidpolypen. Morphologisches Jahrbuch, 8, 580\u2013680.Johnston, G. (1833) Illustrations in British zoology. Magazine of natural history and journal of zoology, botany, mineralogy, geology and meteorology, 6, 320\u2013324, 497\u2013499.Johnston, G. (1837) A catalogue of the zoophytes of Berwickshire. Berwickshire Naturalist\u2019s Club Proceedings, 1, 107\u2013108.Johnston, G. (1838) A history of the British zoophytes. W.H. Lizars, Edinburgh, 341 pp.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.110844Kirchenpauer, G.H. (1872) Ueber die Hydroidenfamilie Plumularidae, einzelne Gruppen derselben und ihre Fruchtbeh\u00e4lter. I. Aglaophenia Lx. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften herausgegeben von dem Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, 5 (3), 1\u201352.Kramp, P.L. (1947) Hydroids collected by the \u201cSkagerak\u201d expedition in the eastern Atlantic 1946. G\u00f6teborgs. Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samh\u00e4lles Handlingar, (B6), 5 (8), 1\u201316.Kramp, P.L. (1959). Some new and little known Indo-Pacific medusae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i K\u00f8benhavn, 121, 223\u2013259.Lamarck, J.B. de (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vert\u00e8bres. Vol. 2. Verdi\u00e8re, Paris, 568 pp.Lamouroux, J.V.F. (1812) Extrait d\u2019un m\u00e9moire sur la classification des polypes corallig\u00e8nes non enti\u00e8rement pierreux. Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Philomatique de Paris, 3, 181\u2013188.Lamouroux, J.V.F. (1821) Exposition m\u00e9thodique des genres de l\u2019ordre des polypiers, avec leur description et celle des principales esp\u00e8ces, figur\u00e9es dans 84 planches; les 63 premi\u00e8res appartenant \u00e0 l\u2019histoire naturelle des zoophytes d\u2019Ellis et Solander. Agasse, Paris, 115 pp.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11328Le Danois, E. (1948) Les Profondeurs de la Mer. Trente ans de recherches sur la faune sous-marine au large des c\u00f4tes de France. Payot, Paris, 303 pp.Leloup, E. (1937) Hydroidea, Siphonophora, Ceriantharia. I. Hydropolypes. In: R\u00e9sultats scientifiques des croisi\u00e8res du navire-\u00e9cole belge \u201cMercator\u201d. M\u00e9moires du Mus\u00e9e royal d\u2019histoire naturelle de Belgique, Series 2, 9, pp. 91\u2013121.Leloup, E. (1940) Hydropolypes provenant des croisi\u00e8res du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco. R\u00e9sultats des Campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par le Prince Albert Ier de Monaco, 104, 1\u201338.Leloup, E. (1974) Hydropolypes calyptoblastiques du Chili. Report no. 48 of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948\u20131949. Sarsia, 55, 1\u201362.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00364827.1974.10411252Levinsen, G.M.R. (1893) Meduser, Ctenophorer og Hydroider fra Gr\u00f8nlands Vestkyst, tilligemed Bemaerkninger om Hydroidernes Systematik. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i K\u00f8benhavn, 1892, 143\u2013212 + 215\u2013220, appendix, pls. 5\u20138.Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.542L\u00fctken, C., (1850) Nogle Bemaerkninger om Medusernes systematiske Inddeling, navnlig med Hensyn til Forbes\u2019s History of British Naked-eyed Medusae. Videnskabelige meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske forening i Kj\u00f6benhavn, 1850, 15\u201335.Marktanner-Turneretscher, G. (1890) Die Hydroiden des k.k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 5, 195\u2013286.Maronna, M.M., Miranda, T.P., Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L., Barbeitos, M.S. &amp; Marques, A.C. (2016) Towards a phylogenetic classification of Leptothecata (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Scientific Reports, 6, 18075.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep18075Marques, A.C., Mergner, H., H\u00f6inghaus, R. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) Bimeria vestita (Hydrozoa: Anthomedusae: Bougainvilliidae) senior synonym of Eudendrium vestitum (Hydrozoa: Anthomedusae: Eudendriidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 73, 321\u2013325.Marques, A.C., Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L., Miranda, T.P. &amp; Migotto, A.E. (2011) Revision of the genus Filellum Hincks, 1868 (Lafoeidae, Leptothecata, Hydrozoa). Zootaxa, 3129 (1), 1\u201328.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3129.1.1Martell, L., Piraino, S., Gravili, C. &amp; Boero, F. (2016) Life cycle, morphology and medusa ontogenesis of Turritopsis dohrnii (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Italian Journal of Zoology, 83 (3), 390\u2013399.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/11250003.2016.1203034McCrady, J., (1857) Description of Oceania (Turritopsis) nutricula nov. spec. and the embryological history of a singular medusan larva, found in the cavity of its bell. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of natutal Histtory, 1, 55\u201390.Medel, M.D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 300, 1\u201372.Medel, M.D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) Atlantic Thyroscyphidae and Sertulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 320, 1\u201383.Medel, M.D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 330, 1\u201366.Medel, M.D., Garc\u00eda, F.G. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) The family Haleciidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 72 (3), 29\u201350.Miglietta, M.P., Piraino, S., Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P. (2007) Species in the genus Turritopsis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): a molecular evaluation. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 45 (1), 11\u201319.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439-0469.2006.00379.xMigotto, A.E. &amp; Cabral, A.S. (2005) Lafoeina amirantensis (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Campanulinoidea), the hydroid stage of the medusa Cirrholovenia tetranema (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Lovenelloidea). Zootaxa, 919 (1), 1\u201316.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.919.1.1Millard, N.A.H. (1962) The Hydrozoa of the south and west coasts of South Africa. Part I. The Plumulariidae. Annals of the South African Museum, 46, 261\u2013319.Millard, N.A.H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum. Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum, 68, 1\u2013513.Millard, N.A.H. (1978) The geographical distribution of southern African hydroids. Annals of the South African Museum. Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum, 74 (6), 159\u2013200.Millard, N.A.H. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annals Musee Royal de L\u00b4Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques, 206 (8), 1\u2013106.Mortensen, P. al B. &amp; Fossa, J.H. (2006) Species diversity and spatial distribution of invertebrates on deep-water Lophelia reefs in Norway. Proceedings of 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, Okinawa, Japan, 2006, pp. 1849\u20131860.Moura, C.J., Harris, D.J., Cunha, M.R. &amp; Rogers, A.D. (2008) DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in marine hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from coastal and deep-sea environments. Zoologica Scripta, 37, 93\u2013108.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-6409.2007.00312.xMoura, C.J., Cunha, M.R., Porteiro, F.M. &amp; Rogers, A.D. (2011) The use of the DNA barcode gene 16S mRNA for the clarification of taxonomic problems within the family Sertulariidae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): Systematics of sertulariid hydroids. Zoologica Scripta, 40, 520\u2013537.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-6409.2011.00489.xMoura, C.J., Cunha, M.R., Porteiro, F.M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A.D. (2012) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79\u201396.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-6409.2011.00503.xNorman, A.M. (1875) Submarine-cable fauna. Part II. Crustacea, etc. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 15, 169\u2013176, pl. 12.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222937508681053Oken, L. (1815) Okens Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte. III. Theil. Zoologie. Vol. 1. Oken, Jena, 842 pp.Patriti, G. (1970) Catalogue des cnidaires et ct\u00e9naires des c\u00f4tes Atlantiques marocaines. Travaux de l\u2019Institut Scientifique Ch\u00e9rifien, S\u00e9rie Zoologique, 35, 1\u2013149.Pelegr\u00ed, J.L. &amp; Pe\u00f1a\u02d7Izquierdo, J. (2015) Eastern Boundary currents off North\u02d7West Africa. In: Vald\u00e9s, L. &amp; D\u00e9niz-Gonz\u00e1lez, I. (Eds.), Oceanographic and biological features in the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem. IOC Technical Series. No. 115. IOC-UNESCO, Paris. pp. 81\u201392.Pelegr\u00ed, J.L., Pe\u00f1a-Izquierdo, J., Mach\u00edn, F.J., Meiners, C. &amp; Presas-Navarro, C. (2017) Oceanography of the Cape Verde Basin and Mauritanian Slope Waters. In: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 119\u2013153.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_3Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L. (2004) How rich is the deep-sea Antarctic benthic hydroid fauna? Polar Biology, 27, 767\u2013774.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00300-004-0654-9Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L. &amp; Garc\u00eda Carrascosa, A.M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Albor\u00e1n Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 337, 1\u2013180.Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L. &amp; Horton, T. (2017) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections. Zootaxa, 4347 (1), 1\u201330.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4347.1.1Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L., Garc\u00eda Carrascosa, A.M. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) On the species of Filellum Hincks, 1868 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 32, 297\u2013315.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222939800770151Picard, J. (1951) Hydraires littoraux du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal r\u00e9colt\u00e9s par H. Sourie aux environs de Dakar. Bulletin de l\u2019Institut fran\u00e7ais d\u2019Afrique noir, 13 (1), 109\u2013115.Pictet, C. &amp; Bedot, M. (1900) Hydraires provenant des campagnes de l\u2019 \u00abHirondelle\u00bb (1886\u20131888). R\u00e9sultats des campagnes scientifiques du prince de Monaco, 18, 1\u201359, pls. 1\u201310.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11294Quelch, J.J. (1885) On some deep-sea and shallow water Hydrozoa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 16 (91), 1\u201320.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222938509487499Ramil, F. (1988) Hidrozoos de Galicia. Tesis doctoral, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, 525 pp.Ramil, F. &amp; Iglesias, A. (1988) Sobre la presencia de Opercularella panicula (Sars, 1873) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) en las costas de la Pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e9rica. Thalassas, 6, 79\u201382.Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the \u201cBALGIM\u201d expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1\u2013262.Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2008) Note on Streptocaulus multiseptatus (Bale, 1915) (Cnidaria: Leptolida: Aglaopheniidae), with the description of its gonosome. Zoologische Medelingen Leiden, 82, 417\u2013422.Ramil, F., Parapar, J. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) The genus Sertularella Gray, 1848 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) along the coasts of Galicia (Spain). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 66, 493\u2013524.Ramil, F., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ansin, J.A. (1998) Report on the Haleciidae and Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected by the French SEAMOUNT 1 expedition. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 322, 1\u201342.Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (2017) Deep\u02d7Sea Ecosystems off Mauritania: An Introduction. In: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 1\u201351.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_1Ramos, A., Sanz, J.L., Ramil, F., Agudo, L.M. &amp; Presas-Navarro, C. (2017) The Giant Cold\u02d7Water Coral Mounds Barrier off Mauritania. In: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 481\u2013525.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_13Redier, L. (1965) Hydraires et Bryozoaires du Golfe de Guin\u00eae. Bulletin du Mus\u00e9um National D\u2019Histoire Naturelle, 37, 367\u2013394.Rees, W.J., Thursfield, S. (1965) The hydroid collections of James Ritchie. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, (B), 69 (1\u20132), (2), 34\u2013220.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0080455X00010122Rees, W.J. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 237, 1\u2013209.Rees, W.J. &amp; White, E. (1966) New records and fauna list of hydroids from the Azores. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 13, 9, 271\u2013284.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222936608656051Ritchie, J. (1907) On collections of the Cape Verde Islands marine fauna, made by Cyril Crossland, M.A. (Cantab.), B.Sc. (Lond.), F.Z.S., of St. Andrews University, July to September, 1904. The Hydroids. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 77, 488\u2013514.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1907.tb06944.xRoberts, J.M. &amp; Cairns, S.D. (2014) Cold-water corals in a changing ocean. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 7, 118\u2013126.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cosust.2014.01.004Roberts, J.M., Wheeler, A.J. &amp; Freiwald, A. (2006) Reefs of the Deep: The Biology and Geology of Cold-Water Coral Ecosystems. Science, 312, 543\u2013547.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1119861Ronowicz, M. (2007) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Svalbard waters\u2014biodiversity and distribution. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 87, 1089\u20131094.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315407055142Ronowicz, M., W\u0142odarska-Kowalczuk, M. &amp; Kuklinski, P. (2013) Depth- and substrate-related patterns of species richness and distribution of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Arctic coastal waters (Svalbard). Marine Ecology, 34 (Supplement 1), 165\u2013176.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/maec.12034Russell, F.S. (1940) On the nematocysts of hydromedusae III. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 24, 515\u2013523.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315400045422Russell, F.S. (1953) The medusa of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 538 pp.Saemundsson, B. (1911) Bidrag til Kundskaben om de islandske Hydroider. II. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Den Danske Naturhistoriske Forening, 63, 67\u2013107.Sars, M. (1863) Bemaerkninger over fire norske Hydroider. Forhandlinger i Videnskabsselscabet i Kristiania, 1862, 25\u201339.Sars, G.O. (1874) Bidrag til Kundskaben om Norges Hydroider. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Kristiana, 1873, 91\u2013150.Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Elsevier Science, Wellington, 159 pp.Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1\u2013161.Schuchert, P. (2000) Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Iceland collected by the BIOICE programme. Sarsia, 85, 411\u2013438.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00364827.2000.10414592Schuchert, P. (2001) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Bioscience, 53, 1\u2013185.Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 111, 315\u2013369.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.80242Schuchert, P. (2005) Taxonomic revision and systematic notes on some Halecium species (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Journal of Natural History, 39, 607\u2013639.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222930400001319Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusa (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195\u2013396.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.80395Schuchert, P. (2012) North-West European Athecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 59, 1\u2013364.Schuchert, P. (2014) High genetic diversity in the hydroid Plumularia setacea: A multitude of cryptic species or extensive population subdivision? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 76, 1\u20139.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ympev.2014.02.020Schuchert, P. (2018) World Hydrozoa Database. Earleria panicula (G.O. Sars, 1874). Available from: http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/hydrozoa\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=1255613 (accessed 3 September 2020)Schuchert, P., Hosia, A. &amp; Lecl\u00e8re, L. (2017) Identification of the polyp stage of three leptomedusa species using DNA barcoding. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 124 (1), 167\u2013182.Stechow, E. (1907) Neue japanische Athecata und Plumularidae aus der Sammlung Dr. Doflein. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 32 (7), 192\u2013200.Stechow, E. (1909) Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostk\u00fcste. 1. Theil. Athecata und Plumularidae. In: Doflein, F. (Ed.), Beitr\u00e4ge zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens. Abhandlungen der K\u00f6niglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1 (6), 1\u2013111.Stechow, E. (1913a) Neue Genera thecater Hydroiden aus der Familie der Lafoeiden und neue Species von Thecaten aus Japan. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 43 (3), 137\u2013144.Stechow, E. (1913b). Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostk\u00fcste. II. Teil: Campanularidae, Halecidae, Lafoeidae, Campanulinidae und Sertularidae, nebst Erg\u00e4nzungen zu den Athecata und Plumularidae. In: Doflein, F., Beitr\u00e4ge zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens.\u2014Abh. math.phys. Historische Klasse der K\u00f6niglichen bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 3 (2), pp. 1\u2013162.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11621Stechow, E. (1921) Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. Archiv f\u00fcr Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 3, Heft, 87, 248\u2013265.Stramma, L. &amp; Schott, F. (1999) The mean flow field of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 46 (1), 279\u2013303.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0967-0645(98)00109-XSvoboda, \u0391. (1979) Beitrag zur \u00d6kologie, Biometrie und Systematik der Mediterranen Aglaophenia Arten (Hydroidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 167, 1\u2013114.Svoboda, A. &amp; Cornelius, P.F.S. (1991) The European and Mediterranean species of Aglaophenia (Cnidaria\u202f: Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 274, 1\u201370.Teissier, G. (1965) Inventaire de la faune marine de Roscoff. Cnidaires-Ct\u00e9naires. Travaux de la Station Biologique de Roscoff, 16, 1\u201353.Van Soest, R.W.M. (1993) Distribution of sponges on the Mauritanian continental shelf. Hydrobiologia, 258, 95\u2013106.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00006189Van Soest, R.W.M. and de Voogd, N.J. (2015) Sponge species composition of north-east Atlantic cold-water coral reefs compared in a bathyal to inshore gradient. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1461\u20131474.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315413001410Vanh\u00f6ffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen S\u00fcdpolar-Expedition 1901\u20131903. Deutsche S\u00fcdpolar-Expedition 1901\u20131903, 11, Zoologie 3, 269\u2013340.Vervoort, W. (1946) Exotic hydroids in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 26 (1\u20134), 287\u2013351.Vervoort, W. (1946) Exotic hydroids in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 26 (1\u20134), 287\u2013351.Vervoort, W. (1972) Hydroids from the Theta, Vema and Yelcho cruises of the Lamont-Doherty geological observatory. Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, Netherlands, 120, 1\u2013247.Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181\u2013318.Vervoort, W. &amp; Faasse, M. (2009) Overzicht van de Nederlandse Leptolida (= Hydroida) (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 32, 1\u2013207.Vervoort, W. &amp; Watson, J.E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand. Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1\u2013540.Westphal, H., Beuck, L., Braun, S., Freiwald, A., Hanebuth, T., Hetzinger, S., Klicpera, A., Kudrass, H., Lantzsch, H., Lund\u00e4lv, T., Mateu Vicens, G., Preto, N., Reumont, J.V., Schilling, S., Taviani, M. &amp; Wienberg, C. (2012) Report of Cruise Maria S. Merian 16\/3\u2014Phaeton\u2014Paleoceanographic and paleo\u02d7climatic record on the Mauritanian shelf. Institut f\u00fcr Meereskunde der Universit\u00e4t Hamburg, 136 pp.Wienberg, C., Titschack, J., Freiwald, A., Frank, N., TomasLund\u00e4lv, T., Taviani, M., Beuck, L., Schr\u00f6der-Ritzrau, A., Krengel, T. and Hebbeln, D. (2018) The giant Mauritanian cold-water coral mound province: Oxygen control on coral mound formation. Quaternary Science Reviews, 185, 135\u2013152.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.quascirev.2018.02.012Wright, T.S. (1859) Observations on British zoophytes. Edinburgh new Philosophical Journal, 10, 105\u2013114.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.4878.3.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,15]],"date-time":"2020-11-15T23:55:36Z","timestamp":1605484536000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Mauritanian Coral Mounds"],"prefix":"10.11646","volume":"4878","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8985-332X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"MARTA","family":"GIL","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"FRAN","family":"RAMIL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JOS\u00c9 ANS\u00cdN","family":"AG\u00cdS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4913","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"49980","unstructured":"<p class=\"Reference\">Agassiz, L. (1862) <em>Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America<\/em>. <em>Vol. 4. <\/em>Little Brown, Boston, 380 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Aguirrezabalaga, F., Altuna, A., Borja, A., Feliu, J., Garc\u00edaCarrascosa, A.M., Romero, A., San Vicente, C., Torres-G\u00f3mez-de-C\u00e1diz, J.A., Uriz, M.J. &amp; Ib\u00e1nez, M. (1984) Contribuci\u00f3n al conocimiento de la fauna marina de la costa Vasca. \u03a0. <em>Lurralde, Investigaci\u00f3n y espacio<\/em>, 1984, pp. 83\u2013133.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Alder, J. (1856) A notice of some new genera and species of British hydroid zoophytes. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History<\/em>, Series 2, 18, 353\u2013362.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222935608697652<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Allman, G.J. (1873) Interim report on the hydroids collected by L.F. de Pourtal\u00e8s during the Gulf Stream exploration of United States coast survey. <em>Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College<\/em>, 3 (7), 185\u2013186.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Allman, G.J. (1874) Report on the Hydroida collected during the expeditions of H.M.S. \u2018Porcupine.\u2019 <em>Transactions of the Zoological Society of London<\/em>, 8, 469\u2013481.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1874.tb00566.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Allman, G.J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L.F. de Pourtal\u00e8s, assistant United States Coast Survey. <em>Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College<\/em>, 5 (2), 1\u201366.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.15852<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Allman, G.J. (1883) Report on the Hydroida dredged by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873\u201376. I. Plumularidae. <em>Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873\u20131876<\/em>, 1\u201355, pls. 1\u201320.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11299<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Altuna, A. (2012) New records of bathyal Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from the Bay of Biscay and the northwestern Iberian Peninsula (northeastern Atlantic). <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, 3565 (1), 1\u201317.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3565.1.1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Altuna Prados, A. &amp; \u00c1lvarez Claudio, C. (1994) El g\u00e9nero <em>Zygophylax<\/em> Quelch, 1885 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) en el Golfo de Vizcaya. <em>Miscel.l\u00e0nia Zool\u00f2gica<\/em>, 17, 1\u221216.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Alvarez Claudio, M.C. (1993) <em>Hidrozoos bentonicos y Cat\u00e1logo de Antozoos de la Plataforma y Talud Continentales de la costa central de Asturias.<\/em> Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Oviedo,<em> <\/em>Oviedo, Asturias, 458 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Alvarez Claudio, M.C. (1995) Some records of the superfamily Plumularioidea L. Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Bay of Biscay. <em>Miscel\u00b7l\u00e0nia Zool\u00f2gica<\/em>, 18, 9\u221220.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J. (1992) <em>Hidrozoos de la R\u00eda de Vigo. <\/em>Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Galicia, 282 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J. (1998) <em>Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) recolectados por las expediciones holandesas \u201cCANCAP\u201d en el <\/em><em>Atl\u00e1ntico nor-oriental. <\/em>Tesis Doctoral, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Galicia, 675 pp.<em> <\/em><\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. <em>Zoologische verhandelingen<\/em>, <em>Leiden<\/em>, 333, 1\u2013268.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ans\u00edn Ag\u00eds, J., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ramil, F. (2014) Hydroids of the families Kirchenpaueriidae Stechow, 1921 and Plumulariidae McCrady, 1859 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected in the Western Pacific Ocean by various French Expeditions. <em>Zoosystema<\/em>, 36, 789\u2013840.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5252\/z2014n4a6<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ar\u00e9valo y Carretero, C. (1906) Contribuci\u00f3n al estudio de los Hidrozoarios espa\u00f1oles existentes en la Estaci\u00f3n de Biolog\u00eda mar\u00edtima de Santander. <em>Memorias de la Real Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Historia Natural<\/em>, 4 (3), 79\u2013109.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Avila, S.P. &amp; Malaquias, M.A.E. (2003) Biogeographical relationships of the molluscan fauna of the Ormonde Seamount (Gorringe Bank, Northeast Atlantic Ocean). <em>Journal of Molluscan Studies<\/em>, 69, 145\u2013150.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mollus\/69.2.145<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bale, W.M. (1915) Report on the Hydroida collected in the Great Australian Bight and other localities. Part III. Fish. Zool. (biol) <em>Biological Results of the Fishing Experiments Carried on by the F.I.S. \u201cEndeavour\u201d, 1909<\/em>\u2013<em>14<\/em>, 3 (5), 304\u2013307.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bedot, M. (1916) Sur le genre <em>Kirchenpaueria<\/em>. <em>Revue Suisse de Zoologie<\/em>, 24 (11), 637\u2013648.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bedot, M. (1917) Le genre <em>Nemertesia<\/em>. <em>M\u00e9moire de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Physique et d\u2019Histoire Naturelle de Gen\u00e8ve<\/em>, 39 (1), 15\u201352.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bedot, M. (1921a) Notes syst\u00e9matiques sur les plumularides. 2me partie. <em>Revue Suisse de Zoologie<\/em>, 29 (1), 1\u201340.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.84689<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bedot, M. (1921b) Hydro\u00efdes provenant des campagnes des yachts Hirondelle et Princesse\u2013Alice (1887\u20131912). I. Plumulariidae. <em>R\u00e9sultats des Campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par le Prince Albert I<sup>er<\/sup> de Monaco<\/em>, 60, 1\u201373.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bedot, M. (1923) Notes syst\u00e9matiques sur les plumularides. 3me partie. <em>Revue Suisse de Zoologie<\/em>, 30 (7), 213\u2013243.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Billard, A. (1901) Note sur l\u2019<em>Antennularia antennina <\/em>Lin. et sur l\u2019<em>A. perrieri <\/em>n. sp. <em>Bulletin du Muse\u00ecum national d\u2019histoire naturelle, Paris<\/em>, 7, 68\u201375.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Billard, A. (1904) Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des Hydro\u00efdes (multiplication, regeneration, greffes, variations). <em>Annales des sciences naturelles<\/em>, Zoologie, Series 8, 20, 1\u2013251.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Billard, A (1906a) Hydro\u00efdes. In: Mission des p\u00eacheries de la c\u00f4te occidental d\u2019Afrique, III. <em>Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux<\/em>, 61, 69\u201376.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Billard, A. (1906b) Hydro\u00efdes. In: <em>Exp\u00e9ditions scientifiques du \u201cTravailleur\u201d et du \u201cTalisman\u201d pendant les ann\u00e9es 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, etc.<\/em> Masson &amp; Cie., Paris, pp. 153\u2013243.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Billard, A. (1906c) Note sur les Hydro\u00efdes du Travailleur et du Talisman. <em>Bulletin du Muse\u00ecum national d\u2019histoire naturelle<\/em>, 12 (5), 329\u2013334.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Billard, A. (1931) Hydro\u00efdes de Mauritanie. <em>Bulletin du Mus\u00e9um national d\u2019histoire naturelle<\/em>, Series 2, 3 (7), 673\u2013678.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Billard, A. (1934) Note sur quelques hydro\u00efdes du Maroc. <em>Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Zoologique de France<\/em>, 59, 227\u2013231. <\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Boero, F. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1993) Zoogeography and life cycle patterns of Mediterranean hydromedusae (Cnidaria). <em>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society<\/em>, 48, 239\u2013266.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00890.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a rocky bottom hydroid community. <em>Marine Ecology<\/em>, 7 (2), 123\u2013150.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439-0485.1986.tb00152.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bouillon, J. (1984) R\u00e9vision de la famille des Phialuciidae (Kramp, 1955) (Leptomedusae, Hydrozoa, Cnidaria), avec un essai de classification des Thecatae-Leptomedusae. <em>Indo-Malayan Zoology<\/em>, 1, 1\u201324.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bouillon, J., Massin, C. &amp; Kresevic, R. (1995) Hydroidomedusae de l\u2019Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. <em>Documents de travail de l\u2019Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique<\/em>, 78, 3\u2013106.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bouillon, J., Medel, M.D., Pag\u00e8s, F., Gili, J.M., Boero, F. &amp; Gravili, C. (2004) Fauna of the Mediterranean Hydrozoa. <em>Scientia Marina<\/em>, 68 (2), 5\u2013438.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3989\/scimar.2004.68s25<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Bouillon, J., Gravili, C., Pag\u00e8s, F., Gili, J.M. &amp; Boero, F. (2006) <em>An introduction to Hydrozoa<\/em>. Editions du Mus\u00e9um, Paris, 591 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Broch, H. (1913) Hydroida from the \u201cMichael Sars\u201d North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910. <em>In: Report on the scientific results of the \u201cMichael Sars\u201d north Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910 3(1)<\/em> <em>Zoology<\/em>, 1\u201318.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Broch, H. (1914) Hydrozoa benthonica. <em>In<\/em>: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), <em>Beitr\u00e4ge zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas<\/em>. <em>Vol.<\/em> <em>1<\/em>. Friederichsen, Hamburg, pp. 19\u201350.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Browne, E.T. (1907) The Hydroida collected by the \u201cHuxley\u201d from the North Side of the Bay of Biscay in August, 1906. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom<\/em>, 8, 15\u201337.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S002531540004371X<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Buchanan, J.B. (1957) The hydroid fauna of the Gold Coast. <em>Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines<\/em>, 56 (3\u20134), 349\u2013372.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Burdon-Jones, C. &amp; Tambs-Lyche, H. (1960) Observations on the fauna of the North Brattholmen stone-coral reef near Bergen. <em>\u00c5rbok for Universitetet i Bergen, Matematisk\u2013naturvitenskapling<\/em>, 1960 (4), 1\u201324.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Cairns, S.D. &amp; Chapman, R.E. (2001) Biogeographic affinities of the North Atlantic deep-water Scleractinia. <em>In<\/em>: Willison, J.H.M., Hall, J., Gass, S.E., Kenchington, E.L.R., Butler, M. &amp; Doherty, P. (Eds.), <em>Proceedings of the First International Sympo-sium on Deep-Sea Corals. <\/em>Ecology Action Centre, Halifax, pp. 30\u201357<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Calder, D.R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. <em>Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions<\/em>, 148, 1\u2013107.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.52225<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Calder, D.R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. <em>Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions<\/em>, 154, 1\u2013140.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Calder, D.R. (1997) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: superfamily Plumularioidea. <em>Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions<\/em>, 161, 1\u201385.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Calder, D.R. (1998) Hydroid diversity and species composition along a gradient from shallow waters to deep sea around Bermuda. <em>Deep-Sea Research I<\/em>, 45, 1843\u20131860.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0967-0637(98)00044-2\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0967-0637(98)00044-2<\/a><\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Calder, D.R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, 3171 (1), 1\u201377.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3171.1.1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Calder, D.R. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) Some hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in the North Atlantic Ocean. <em>Zoologische verhandelingen<\/em>, <em>Leiden<\/em>, 319, 1\u201365.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Calero, B., Ramil, F. &amp; Ramos, A. (2017) Echinoderms of the Mauritanian Deep-Sea Waters. <em>In<\/em>: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), <em>Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters. <\/em>Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 445\u2013480.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_12<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Castillo, S. (2017) <em>Marine Mollusc (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) from Northwest Africa.<\/em> Undergraduate<em> <\/em>dissertation, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Ourense, Vigo, Galicia, 422 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Christiansen, B.O. (1972). The hydroid fauna of the Oslo Fjord in Norway. <em>Norwegian Journal of Zoology<\/em>, 20, 279\u2013310.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Clarke, S.F. (1879) Report on the Hydroida collected during the Exploration of the Gulf Stream of Mexico by Alexander Agassiz, 1877\u201378. <em>Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology<\/em>, 5, 239\u2013252, pls. 1\u20135.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Collins, J.S.H., Ross, A.J., Genzano, G. &amp; Mianzan, H. (2006) <em>Earleria<\/em> gen. nov. &amp; <em>Gabriella<\/em> gen. nov., replacement names for Foersteria Arai &amp; Brinckmann-Voss, 1980 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Mitrocomidae) and Foersteria Wehner, 1988 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Prosopidae), junior homonyms of Foersteria Szepligeti, 1896 (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae). <em>Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil<\/em> <em>Museum<\/em>, 33, 125\u2013126.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Cornelius, P.F.S. (1975) A revision of the species of Lafoeidae and Haleciidae (Coelenterata: Hydroida) recorded from Britain and nearby seas.<em> Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)<\/em>, Zoology, 28, 375\u2013426.<em><\/em><\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Cornelius, P.F.S. (1979) A revision of species Sertulariidae (Coelenterata: Hydroida) recorded from Britain and nearby seas. <em>Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)<\/em>, Zoology Series, 34 (6), 243\u2013321.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Cornelius, P.F.S. (1995a) North-West European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Part 1. Part 1. Introduction, Laodiceidae to Haleciidae. <em>Synopses of the British Fauna<\/em>, New Series, 50, 1\u2013347.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Cornelius, P.F.S. (1995b) North-West European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Part 2. Sertulariidae to Campanulariidae. <em>Synopses of the British Fauna<\/em>, New Series, 50, 1\u2013386.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">De Matos Pita, S. (2015) <em>Crust\u00e1ceos Dec\u00e1podos de aguas profundas de Mauritania (\u00c1frica Noroccidental).<\/em> Undergraduate<em> <\/em>dissertation, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Ourense, Vigo, Galicia, 308 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Di Camillo, C.G., Boero, F., Gravili, C., Previati, M., Torsani, F. &amp; Cerrano, C. (2013) Distribution, ecology and morphology of <em>Lytocarpia myriophyllum<\/em> (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), a Mediterranean Sea habitat former to protect. <em>Biodiversity and Conservation<\/em>, 22,773\u2013789.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10531-013-0449-9<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Dons, C. (1944) Norges korallrev. <em>Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Forhandlinger<\/em>, 16, 37\u201382.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ehrenberg, C.G. (1834) Beitr\u00e4ge zur physiologischen Kenntniss der Corallenthiere im allgemeinen, und besonders des rothen Meeres, nebst einem Versuche zur physiologischen Systematik derselben. <em>Abhandlung der K\u00f6niglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin<\/em>, 1, 225\u2013380.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Eschscholtz, F. (1829) <em>System der Acalephen.<\/em> <em>Eine ausf\u00fchrliche Beschreibung aller medusenartigen Strahltiere.<\/em> Ferdinand D\u00fcmmler, Berlin, 190 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.10139<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Fey, A. (1969) Peuplements sessiles de l\u2019archipel de Gl\u00e9nan. 1.-Inventaire: hydraires. <em>Vie Milieu<\/em>, 20 (2), 387\u2013414.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Fraser, C.M. (1912) Some hydroids of Beaufort, North Carolina. <em>Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Fisheries<\/em>, 30, 337\u2013387.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Fraser, C.M. (1944) <em>Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America<\/em>. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Freiwald, A., Foss\u00e5, J.H., Grehan, A., Koslow, T. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2004) Cold-water coral reefs. <em>UNEP-WCMC,<\/em> <em>Cambridge<\/em>, Biodiversity Series, 22, 1\u201384.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Freiwald, A., Beuck, L., Lund\u00e4lv, T. &amp; Wienberg, C. (2012) General morphology and preliminary biological inventory of the Mauritanian cold-water coral habitats. <em>In<\/em>: Westphal, H., Beuck, L., Braun, S., Freiwald, A., Hanebuth, T., Hetzinger, S., Klicpera, A., Kudrass, H., Lantzsch, H., Lund\u00e4lv, T., Mateu Vicens, G., Preto, N., Reumont, J.V., Schilling, S., Taviani, M. &amp; Wienberg, C. (Eds.), <em>Report of Cruise Maria S. Merian 16\/3\u2014Phaeton\u2014Paleoceanographic and paleo\u02d7climatic record on the Mauritanian shelf. 13 October. 13<\/em>\u201320 <em>November 2010. Bremerhaven (Allemagne)\u02d7Mindelo (Cap Verde).<\/em> Maria S. Merian\u02d7Berichte, Leibniz\u02d7ZMT, Bremen, pp. 28\u201340.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Galea, H.R. (2007) Hydroids and hydromedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile. <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, 1597, 1\u2013116.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Genzano, G.N. &amp; Zamponi, M.O. (1999) Natural history of <em>Bimeria vestita <\/em>Wright, 1859 (Hydrozoa, Bougainvilliidae) in the rocky intertal of Mar del Plata (Argentina). <em>Ciencias Marinas<\/em>, 25, 63\u201374.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7773\/cm.v25i1.652<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gil, M. (2017) <em>Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Northwest Africa.<\/em> Undergraduate<em> <\/em>dissertation, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Ourense, Vigo, Galicia, 458 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2017a) Hydrozoans from Mauritanian Deep-Waters. <em>In<\/em>: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), <em>Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters.<\/em> Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 419\u2013444.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_11<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2017b) The genus <em>Diphasia<\/em> L. Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Northwest Africa. <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, 4363 (3), 301\u2013349.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4363.3.1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gili, J.M., Vervoort, W. &amp; Pag\u00e8s, F. (1989) Hydroids from the West African coast: Guinea Bissau, Namibia and South Africa. <em>Scientia Marina<\/em>, 53 (1), 67\u2013112.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gmelin, J.F. (1791) <em>Caroli a Linn\u00e9, systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima tertia, aucta reformata. Tomus I. Pars 6<\/em>. G. E. Beer, Lipsiae, 1100 pp. [pp. 3021\u20134120]<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gravili, C., Di Camillo, C.G., Piraino, S. &amp; Boero, F. (2013) Hydrozoan species richness in the Mediterranean Sea: past and present. <em>Marine Ecology<\/em>, 34, 41\u201362.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/maec.12023<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gravili, C., De Vito, D., Di Camillo, C.G., Martell, L., Piraino, S. &amp; Boero, F. (2015) The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide. <em>Zootaxa<\/em>,<em> <\/em>3908 (1), 1\u2013187.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3908.1.1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Gray, J.E. (1848) <em>List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Centroniae or radiated animals<\/em>. British Museum, London, 173 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Hassall, A.H. (1841) Supplement to a catalogue of Irish Zoophytes. <em>Annals of natural history<\/em>, Series 1, 7 (44), 276\u2013287.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03745484109442700<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Henry, L.A. (2001) Hydroids associated with deep-sea corals in the boreal north-west Atlantic. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom<\/em>, 81, 163\u2013164.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315401003502<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Henry, L.A. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2007) Biodiversity and ecological composition of macrobenthos on cold-water coral mounds and adjacent off-mound habitat in the bathyal Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic. <em>Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers<\/em>, 54, 654\u2013672.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsr.2007.01.005<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Henry, L.A. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2016) Global Biodiversity in Cold-Water Coral Reef Ecosystems. <em>In<\/em>: Rossi, S., Bramanti, L., Gori, A. &amp; Orejas Saco del Valle, C. (Eds.), <em>Marine Animal Forests.<\/em> Springer, Cham, pp. 235\u2013256.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-21012-4_6<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Henry, L.A., Nizinski, M.S. &amp; Ross, S.W. (2008) Occurrence and biogeography of hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from deep-water coral habitats off the southeastern United States. <em>Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers<\/em>, 55, 788\u2013800.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsr.2008.03.002<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Henry, L.A., Frank, N., Hebbeln, D., Wienberg, C., Robinson, L., Van de Flierdt, T., Dahl, M., Douarin, M., Morrison, C.L., L\u00f3pez Correa, M., Rogers, A.D., Ruckelshausen, M. &amp; Roberts, J.M. (2014) Global ocean conveyor lowers extinction risk in the deep sea. <em>Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers<\/em>, 88, 8\u201316.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsr.2014.03.004<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Hincks, T. (1861) A catalogue of the zoophytes of south Devon and South Cornwall. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History<\/em>, Series 3, 8, 251\u2013262.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222936108697413<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Hincks, T. (1868) <em>A history of the British hydroid zoophytes<\/em>. John van Voorst, London, 338 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.1322<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Hirohito, E.S. (1995) <em>The hydroids of Sagami Bay II. Thecata.<\/em> Biological Laboratory Imperial Household, Tokyo, pp. 1\u2013355.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Izquierdo, M.S., Garc\u00eda-Corrales, P., Bacallado, J.J. (1986b)<strong> <\/strong>Contribuci\u00f3n al conocimiento de los hidrozoos caliptobl\u00e1stidos del Archipi\u00e9lago Canario. Parte II: Plumulariidae. <em>Bolet\u00edn del Instituto Espa\u00f1ol de Oceanograf\u00eda<\/em>, 3 (2), 49\u201366.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">J\u00e4derholm, \u0395. (1909) Northern and Arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum (Riksmuseum). IV. <em>Hydroiden. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens<\/em> <em>handlingar<\/em>, 45 (1), 1\u2013124.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">J\u00e4derholm, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna Japans. <em>Arkiv f\u00f6r Zoologi<\/em>, 12 (9), 1\u201334. <\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Jensen, A. &amp; Frederiksen, R. (1992) The fauna associated with the bank-forming deepwater coral <em>Lophelia pertusa<\/em> (Scleractinaria) on the Faroe shelf. <em>Sarsia<\/em>, 77 (1), 53\u201369.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00364827.1992.10413492<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Jickeli, C.F. (1883) Der Bau der Hydroidpolypen. <em>Morphologisches Jahrbuch<\/em>, 8, 580\u2013680.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Johnston, G. (1833) Illustrations in British zoology. <em>Magazine of natural history and journal of zoology, botany, mineralogy, geology and meteorology<\/em>, 6, 320\u2013324, 497\u2013499.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Johnston, G. (1837) A catalogue of the zoophytes of Berwickshire. <em>Berwickshire Naturalist\u2019s Club Proceedings<\/em>, 1, 107\u2013108.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Johnston, G. (1838) <em>A history of the British zoophytes.<\/em> W.H. Lizars, Edinburgh, 341 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.110844<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Kirchenpauer, G.H. (1872) Ueber die Hydroidenfamilie Plumularidae, einzelne Gruppen derselben und ihre Fruchtbeh\u00e4lter. I. <em>Aglaophenia<\/em> Lx. <em>Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften herausgegeben von dem Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg<\/em>, 5 (3), 1\u201352.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Kramp, P.L. (1947) Hydroids collected by the \u201cSkagerak\u201d expedition in the eastern Atlantic 1946. G\u00f6teborgs. <em>Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samh\u00e4lles Handlingar<\/em>, (B6), 5 (8), 1\u201316.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Kramp, P.L. (1959). Some new and little known Indo-Pacific medusae. <em>Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i K\u00f8benhavn<\/em>, 121, 223\u2013259.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Lamarck, J.B. de (1816) <em>Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vert\u00e8bres. Vol. 2<\/em>. Verdi\u00e8re, Paris, 568 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Lamouroux, J.V.F. (1812) Extrait d\u2019un m\u00e9moire sur la classification des polypes corallig\u00e8nes non enti\u00e8rement pierreux. <em>Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Philomatique de Paris<\/em>, 3, 181\u2013188.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Lamouroux, J.V.F. (1821) <em>Exposition m\u00e9thodique des genres de l\u2019ordre des polypiers, avec leur description et celle des principales esp\u00e8ces, figur\u00e9es dans 84 planches; les 63 premi\u00e8res appartenant \u00e0 l\u2019histoire naturelle des zoophytes d\u2019Ellis et Solander.<\/em> Agasse, Paris, 115 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11328<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Le Danois, E. (1948) <em>Les Profondeurs de la Mer. Trente ans de recherches sur la faune sous-marine au large des c\u00f4tes de France.<\/em> Payot, Paris, 303 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Leloup, E. (1937) Hydroidea, Siphonophora, Ceriantharia. I. Hydropolypes. <em>In: <\/em>R\u00e9sultats scientifiques des croisi\u00e8res du navire-\u00e9cole belge \u201cMercator\u201d. <em>M\u00e9moires du Mus\u00e9e royal d\u2019histoire naturelle de Belgique<\/em>, Series 2, 9, pp. 91\u2013121.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Leloup, E. (1940) Hydropolypes provenant des croisi\u00e8res du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco<em>.<\/em> <em>R\u00e9sultats des Campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par le Prince Albert I<sup>er<\/sup> de Monaco<\/em>, 104, 1\u201338.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Leloup, E. (1974) Hydropolypes calyptoblastiques du Chili. Report no. 48 of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948\u20131949. <em>Sarsia<\/em>,<em> <\/em>55, 1\u201362.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00364827.1974.10411252<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Levinsen, G.M.R. (1893) Meduser, Ctenophorer og Hydroider fra Gr\u00f8nlands Vestkyst, tilligemed Bemaerkninger om Hydroidernes Systematik.<em> Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i K\u00f8benhavn<\/em>, 1892, 143\u2013212 + 215\u2013220, appendix, pls. 5\u20138.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Linnaeus, C. (1758) <em>Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus,<\/em> <em>differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. <\/em>Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.542<em><\/em><\/p><p class=\"Reference\">L\u00fctken, C., (1850) Nogle Bemaerkninger om Medusernes systematiske Inddeling, navnlig med Hensyn til Forbes\u2019s History of British Naked-eyed Medusae. <em>Videnskabelige meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske forening i Kj\u00f6benhavn<\/em>, 1850, 15\u201335.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Marktanner-Turneretscher, G. (1890) Die Hydroiden des k.k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. <em>Annalen des Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums<\/em>, 5, 195\u2013286.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Maronna, M.M., Miranda, T.P., Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L., Barbeitos, M.S. &amp; Marques, A.C. (2016) Towards a phylogenetic classification of Leptothecata (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). <em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 6, 18075.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep18075<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Marques, A.C., Mergner, H., H\u00f6inghaus, R. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) <em>Bimeria vestita <\/em>(Hydrozoa: Anthomedusae: Bougainvilliidae) senior synonym of <em>Eudendrium vestitum <\/em>(Hydrozoa: Anthomedusae: Eudendriidae). <em>Zoologische Mededelingen<\/em>, 73, 321\u2013325.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Marques, A.C., Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L., Miranda, T.P. &amp; Migotto, A.E. (2011) Revision of the genus <em>Filellum<\/em> Hincks, 1868 (Lafoeidae, Leptothecata, Hydrozoa). <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, 3129 (1), 1\u201328.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.3129.1.1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Martell, L., Piraino, S., Gravili, C. &amp; Boero, F. (2016) Life cycle, morphology and medusa ontogenesis of <em>Turritopsis dohrnii<\/em> (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). <em>Italian Journal of Zoology<\/em>, 83 (3), 390\u2013399.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/11250003.2016.1203034<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">McCrady, J., (1857) Description of <em>Oceania<\/em> (<em>Turritopsis<\/em>) <em>nutricula<\/em> nov. spec. and the embryological history of a singular medusan larva, found in the cavity of its bell. <em>Proceedings of the Elliott Society of natutal Histtory<\/em>, 1, 55\u201390.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Medel, M.D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas. <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 300, 1\u201372.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Medel, M.D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) Atlantic Thyroscyphidae and Sertulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 320, 1\u201383.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Medel, M.D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>,<em> <\/em>330, 1\u201366.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Medel, M.D., Garc\u00eda, F.G. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) The family Haleciidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas.<em> Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 72 (3), 29\u201350.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Miglietta, M.P., Piraino, S., Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P. (2007) Species in the genus <em>Turritopsis<\/em> (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): a molecular evaluation. <em>Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research<\/em>, 45 (1), 11\u201319.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439-0469.2006.00379.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Migotto, A.E. &amp; Cabral, A.S. (2005) <em>Lafoeina amirantensis<\/em> (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Campanulinoidea), the hydroid stage of the medusa <em>Cirrholovenia tetranema<\/em> (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Lovenelloidea). <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, 919 (1), 1\u201316.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.919.1.1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Millard, N.A.H. (1962) The Hydrozoa of the south and west coasts of South Africa. Part I. The Plumulariidae. <em>Annals of the South African Museum<\/em>, 46, 261\u2013319.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Millard, N.A.H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. <em>Annals of the South African Museum. Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum<\/em>, 68, 1\u2013513.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Millard, N.A.H. (1978) The geographical distribution of southern African hydroids. <em>Annals of the South African Museum. Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum<\/em>, 74 (6), 159\u2013200.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Millard, N.A.H. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). <em>Annals Musee Royal de L\u00b4Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques<\/em>, 206 (8), 1\u2013106.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Mortensen, P. al B. &amp; Fossa, J.H. (2006) Species diversity and spatial distribution of invertebrates on deep-water <em>Lophelia<\/em> reefs in Norway. <em>Proceedings of 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, Okinawa, Japan<\/em>, 2006, pp. 1849\u20131860.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Moura, C.J., Harris, D.J., Cunha, M.R. &amp; Rogers, A.D. (2008) DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in marine hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from coastal and deep-sea environments. <em>Zoologica Scripta<\/em>, 37, 93\u2013108.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-6409.2007.00312.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Moura, C.J., Cunha, M.R., Porteiro, F.M. &amp; Rogers, A.D. (2011) The use of the DNA barcode gene 16S mRNA for the clarification of taxonomic problems within the family Sertulariidae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): Systematics of sertulariid hydroids. <em>Zoologica Scripta<\/em>, 40, 520\u2013537.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-6409.2011.00489.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Moura, C.J., Cunha, M.R., Porteiro, F.M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A.D. (2012) Evolution of <em>Nemertesia<\/em> hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. <em>Zoologica Scripta<\/em>, 41, 79\u201396.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-6409.2011.00503.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Norman, A.M. (1875) Submarine-cable fauna. Part II. Crustacea, etc. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History<\/em>, Series 4, 15, 169\u2013176, pl. 12.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222937508681053<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Oken, L. (1815) <em>Okens Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte. III. Theil. Zoologie. Vol. 1.<\/em> Oken, Jena, 842 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Patriti, G. (1970) Catalogue des cnidaires et ct\u00e9naires des c\u00f4tes Atlantiques marocaines. <em>Travaux de l\u2019Institut Scientifique Ch\u00e9rifien, S\u00e9rie Zoologique<\/em>, 35, 1\u2013149.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Pelegr\u00ed, J.L. &amp; Pe\u00f1a\u02d7Izquierdo, J. (2015) Eastern Boundary currents off North\u02d7West Africa. <em>In<\/em>: Vald\u00e9s, L. &amp; D\u00e9niz-Gonz\u00e1lez, I. (Eds.), <em>Oceanographic and biological features in the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem. IOC Technical Series. No. 115<\/em>. IOC-UNESCO, Paris. pp. 81\u201392.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Pelegr\u00ed, J.L., Pe\u00f1a-Izquierdo, J., Mach\u00edn, F.J., Meiners, C. &amp; Presas-Navarro, C. (2017) Oceanography of the Cape Verde Basin and Mauritanian Slope Waters. <em>In<\/em>: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), <em>Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters<\/em>. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 119\u2013153.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_3<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L. (2004) How rich is the deep-sea Antarctic benthic hydroid fauna? <em>Polar Biology<\/em>,<em> <\/em>27, 767\u2013774.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00300-004-0654-9<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L. &amp; Garc\u00eda Carrascosa, A.M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Albor\u00e1n Sea, western Mediterranean). <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 337, 1\u2013180.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L. &amp; Horton, T. (2017) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections. <em>Zootaxa<\/em>, 4347 (1), 1\u201330.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4347.1.1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Pe\u00f1a Cantero, A.L., Garc\u00eda Carrascosa, A.M. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) On the species of <em>Filellum<\/em> Hincks, 1868 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) with the description of a new species. <em>Journal of Natural History<\/em>, 32, 297\u2013315.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222939800770151<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Picard, J. (1951) Hydraires littoraux du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal r\u00e9colt\u00e9s par H. Sourie aux environs de Dakar. <em>Bulletin de l\u2019Institut fran\u00e7ais d\u2019Afrique noir<\/em>, 13 (1), 109\u2013115.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Pictet, C. &amp; Bedot, M. (1900) Hydraires provenant des campagnes de l\u2019 \u00abHirondelle\u00bb (1886\u20131888). <em>R\u00e9sultats des campagnes scientifiques du prince de Monaco<\/em>, 18, 1\u201359, pls. 1\u201310.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11294<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Quelch, J.J. (1885) On some deep-sea and shallow water Hydrozoa. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History<\/em>, Series 5, 16 (91), 1\u201320.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222938509487499<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramil, F. (1988) <em>Hidrozoos de Galicia<\/em>. Tesis doctoral, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, 525 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramil, F. &amp; Iglesias, A. (1988) Sobre la presencia de <em>Opercularella panicula <\/em>(Sars, 1873) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) en las costas de la Pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e9rica. <em>Thalassas<\/em>, 6, 79\u201382.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the \u201cBALGIM\u201d expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 277, 1\u2013262.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2008) Note on <em>Streptocaulus multiseptatus <\/em>(Bale, 1915) (Cnidaria: Leptolida: Aglaopheniidae), with the description of its gonosome. <em>Zoologische Medelingen Leiden<\/em>, 82, 417\u2013422.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramil, F., Parapar, J. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) The genus <em>Sertularella <\/em>Gray, 1848 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) along the coasts of Galicia (Spain).<em> Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden,<\/em> 66, 493\u2013524.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramil, F., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ansin, J.A. (1998) Report on the Haleciidae and Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected by the French SEAMOUNT 1 expedition. <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 322, 1\u201342.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (2017) Deep\u02d7Sea Ecosystems off Mauritania: An Introduction. <em>In<\/em>: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), <em>Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters<\/em>. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 1\u201351.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_1<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ramos, A., Sanz, J.L., Ramil, F., Agudo, L.M. &amp; Presas-Navarro, C. (2017) The Giant Cold\u02d7Water Coral Mounds Barrier off Mauritania. <em>In<\/em>: Ramos, A., Ramil, F. &amp; Sanz, J.L. (Eds.), <em>Deep sea ecosystems off Mauritania: Researching marine biodiversity and habitats in West African Deep-waters. <\/em>Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 481\u2013525.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-024-1023-5_13<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Redier, L. (1965) Hydraires et Bryozoaires du Golfe de Guin\u00eae. <em>Bulletin du Mus\u00e9um National D\u2019Histoire Naturelle<\/em>, 37, 367\u2013394.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Rees, W.J., Thursfield, S. (1965) The hydroid collections of James Ritchie. <em>Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh<\/em>, (B), 69 (1\u20132), (2), 34\u2013220.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0080455X00010122<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Rees, W.J. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on <em>Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria <\/em>and <em>Zygophylax <\/em>(Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen<\/em>, 237, 1\u2013209.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Rees, W.J. &amp; White, E. (1966) New records and fauna list of hydroids from the Azores. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History<\/em>, Series 13, 9, 271\u2013284.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222936608656051<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ritchie, J. (1907) On collections of the Cape Verde Islands marine fauna, made by Cyril Crossland, M.A. (Cantab.), B.Sc. (Lond.), F.Z.S., of St. Andrews University, July to September, 1904. <em>The Hydroids. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London<\/em>, 77, 488\u2013514.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1907.tb06944.x<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Roberts, J.M. &amp; Cairns, S.D. (2014) Cold-water corals in a changing ocean. <em>Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability<\/em>, 7, 118\u2013126.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cosust.2014.01.004<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Roberts, J.M., Wheeler, A.J. &amp; Freiwald, A. (2006) Reefs of the Deep: The Biology and Geology of Cold-Water Coral Ecosystems. <em>Science<\/em>, 312, 543\u2013547.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1119861<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ronowicz, M. (2007) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Svalbard waters\u2014biodiversity and distribution. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom<\/em>,<em> <\/em>87, 1089\u20131094.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315407055142<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Ronowicz, M., W\u0142odarska-Kowalczuk, M. &amp; Kuklinski, P. (2013) Depth- and substrate-related patterns of species richness and distribution of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Arctic coastal waters (Svalbard). <em>Marine Ecology<\/em>, 34 (Supplement 1), 165\u2013176.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/maec.12034<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Russell, F.S. (1940) On the nematocysts of hydromedusae III. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom<\/em>, 24, 515\u2013523.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315400045422<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Russell, F.S. (1953) <em>The medusa of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. <\/em>Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 538 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Saemundsson, B. (1911) Bidrag til Kundskaben om de islandske Hydroider. II. <em>Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Den Danske Naturhistoriske Forening<\/em>, 63, 67\u2013107.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Sars, M. (1863) Bemaerkninger over fire norske Hydroider. <em>Forhandlinger i Videnskabsselscabet i Kristiania<\/em>, 1862, 25\u201339.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Sars, G.O. (1874) Bidrag til Kundskaben om Norges Hydroider. <em>Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Kristiana<\/em>, 1873, 91\u2013150.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (1996) <em>The marine fauna of New Zealand: athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa).<\/em> Elsevier Science, Wellington, 159 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria).<em> Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 309, 1\u2013161.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2000) Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Iceland collected by the BIOICE programme. <em>Sarsia<\/em>, 85, 411\u2013438.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00364827.2000.10414592<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2001) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). <em>Bioscience<\/em>, 53, 1\u2013185.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie<\/em>, 111, 315\u2013369.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.80242<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2005) Taxonomic revision and systematic notes on some <em>Halecium<\/em> species (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). <em>Journal of Natural History<\/em>, 39, 607\u2013639.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222930400001319<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusa (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie<\/em>, 114, 195\u2013396.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.80395<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2012) North-West European Athecate Hydroids and their Medusae. <em>Synopses of the British Fauna<\/em>,<em> <\/em>New Series, 59, 1\u2013364.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2014) High genetic diversity in the hydroid <em>Plumularia setacea<\/em>: A multitude of cryptic species or extensive population subdivision? <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution<\/em>, 76, 1\u20139.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ympev.2014.02.020<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P. (2018) World Hydrozoa Database. <em>Earleria panicula<\/em> (G.O. Sars, 1874). Available from: http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/hydrozoa\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=1255613 (accessed 3 September 2020)<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Schuchert, P., Hosia, A. &amp; Lecl\u00e8re, L. (2017) Identification of the polyp stage of three leptomedusa species using DNA barcoding. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie<\/em>, 124 (1), 167\u2013182.<strong><\/strong><\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Stechow, E. (1907) Neue japanische Athecata und Plumularidae aus der Sammlung Dr. Doflein. <em>Zoologischer Anzeiger<\/em>, 32 (7), 192\u2013200.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Stechow, E. (1909) Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostk\u00fcste. 1. Theil. Athecata und Plumularidae<em>. In<\/em>: Doflein, F. (Ed.), <em>Beitr\u00e4ge zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens.<\/em> <em>Abhandlungen der K\u00f6niglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften<\/em>, 1 (6), 1\u2013111.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Stechow, E. (1913a) Neue Genera thecater Hydroiden aus der Familie der Lafoeiden und neue Species von Thecaten aus Japan. <em>Zoologischer Anzeiger<\/em>, 43 (3), 137\u2013144.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Stechow, E. (1913b). Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostk\u00fcste. II. Teil: Campanularidae, Halecidae, Lafoeidae, Campanulinidae und Sertularidae, nebst Erg\u00e4nzungen zu den Athecata und Plumularidae. <em>In<\/em>: Doflein, F., Beitr\u00e4ge zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens.\u2014Abh. math.phys. <em>Historische Klasse der K\u00f6niglichen bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften<\/em>, 3 (2), pp. 1\u2013162.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.11621<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Stechow, E. (1921) Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. <em>Archiv f\u00fcr Naturgeschichte<\/em>, Abteilung A, 3, Heft, 87, 248\u2013265.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Stramma, L. &amp; Schott, F. (1999) The mean flow field of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. <em>Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography<\/em>, 46 (1), 279\u2013303.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0967-0645(98)00109-X\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0967-0645(98)00109-X<\/a><\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Svoboda, \u0391. (1979) Beitrag zur \u00d6kologie, Biometrie und Systematik der Mediterranen <em>Aglaophenia <\/em>Arten (Hydroidea). <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 167, 1\u2013114.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Svoboda, A. &amp; Cornelius, P.F.S. (1991) The European and Mediterranean species of <em>Aglaophenia<\/em> (Cnidaria : Hydrozoa). <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden<\/em>,<em> <\/em>274, 1\u201370.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Teissier, G. (1965) Inventaire de la faune marine de Roscoff. Cnidaires-Ct\u00e9naires. <em>Travaux de la Station Biologique de Roscoff<\/em>, 16, 1\u201353.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Van Soest, R.W.M. (1993) Distribution of sponges on the Mauritanian continental shelf. <em>Hydrobiologia<\/em>, 258, 95\u2013106.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00006189<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Van Soest, R.W.M. and de Voogd, N.J. (2015) Sponge species composition of north-east Atlantic cold-water coral reefs compared in a bathyal to inshore gradient. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom<\/em>, 95 (7), 1461\u20131474.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0025315413001410<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Vanh\u00f6ffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen S\u00fcdpolar-Expedition 1901\u20131903. <em>Deutsche S\u00fcdpolar-Expedition 1901\u20131903<\/em>, 11, Zoologie 3, 269\u2013340.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Vervoort, W. (1946) Exotic hydroids in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam. <em>Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 26 (1\u20134), 287\u2013351.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Vervoort, W. (1946) Exotic hydroids in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam. <em>Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 26 (1\u20134), 287\u2013351.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Vervoort, W. (1972) Hydroids from the Theta, Vema and Yelcho cruises of the Lamont-Doherty geological observatory. <em>Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, Netherlands<\/em>, 120, 1\u2013247.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. <em>Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden<\/em>, 80, 181\u2013318.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Vervoort, W. &amp; Faasse, M. (2009) Overzicht van de Nederlandse Leptolida (= Hydroida) (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa<em>). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen<\/em>, 32, 1\u2013207.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Vervoort, W. &amp; Watson, J.E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand. Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). <em>NIWA Biodiversity Memoir<\/em>, 119, 1\u2013540.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Westphal, H., Beuck, L., Braun, S., Freiwald, A., Hanebuth, T., Hetzinger, S., Klicpera, A., Kudrass, H., Lantzsch, H., Lund\u00e4lv, T., Mateu Vicens, G., Preto, N., Reumont, J.V., Schilling, S., Taviani, M. &amp; Wienberg, C. (2012) <em>Report of Cruise Maria S. Merian 16\/3\u2014Phaeton\u2014Paleoceanographic and paleo\u02d7climatic record on the Mauritanian shelf.<\/em> Institut f\u00fcr Meereskunde der Universit\u00e4t Hamburg, 136 pp.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\">Wienberg, C., Titschack, J., Freiwald, A., Frank, N., TomasLund\u00e4lv, T., Taviani, M., Beuck, L., Schr\u00f6der-Ritzrau, A., Krengel, T. and Hebbeln, D. (2018) The giant Mauritanian cold-water coral mound province: Oxygen control on coral mound formation. <em>Quaternary Science Reviews<\/em>, 185, 135\u2013152.<\/p><p class=\"Reference\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.quascirev.2018.02.012<\/p><p>Wright, T.S. (1859) Observations on British zoophytes. <em>Edinburgh new Philosophical Journal<\/em>, 10, 105\u2013114.<\/p>"}],"container-title":["Zootaxa"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mapress.com\/zt\/article\/download\/zootaxa.4878.3.2\/41887","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mapress.com\/zt\/article\/download\/zootaxa.4878.3.2\/41887","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T03:34:52Z","timestamp":1676864092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mapress.com\/zt\/article\/view\/zootaxa.4878.3.2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"references-count":1,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4878.3.2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-5334","1175-5326"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-5334","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1175-5326","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]}}}