{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T22:48:46Z","timestamp":1771973326989,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Magnolia Press","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zootaxa"],"abstract":"Integrative approach of taxonomy drives us to the discovery of three new species of the genus Eutyphoeus Michaelsen 1900, namely Eutyphoeus phawngpuiensis sp. nov., Eutyphoeus serei sp. nov. and Eutyphoeus tawi sp. nov. from protected forests of Mizoram, India. E. phawngpuiensis sp. nov. belongs to the Eutyphoeus hastatus group, and is characterized by holandric male organs, having spermathecal pores at \u201ca or ab\u201d, bidiverticulate spermathecae, and lack of genital marking glands. While, E. tawi sp. nov. has spermathecal pores at b or lateral to b, without lateral intestinal caeca. E. serei sp. nov. belongs to the Eutyphoeus gigas group, and is distinguished by having metandric male organs, lacking female pore of right side, and having spoon shaped tip of penial setae without ornamentation. Molecular characterization using coi gene marker also supports the findings. The maximum intraspecific distances and distance to the nearest neighbour of E. phawngpuiensis sp. nov., E. serei sp. nov. and E. tawi sp. nov. were recorded 3.5%, 9.37%; 2.35%, 14.83%; and 2.28%, 12.86% respectively. The key to Eutyphoeus species of India was also updated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.5005.1.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T00:31:19Z","timestamp":1627000279000},"page":"41-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Three uncharted endemic earthworm species of the genus Eutyphoeus (Oligochaeta: Octochaetidae) from Mizoram, India"],"prefix":"10.11646","volume":"5005","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4997-2295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"NALINI","family":"TIWARI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7738-5090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"AZHAR RASHID","family":"LONE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2830-1134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"SAMRENDRA SINGH","family":"THAKUR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6758-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"SAMUEL W.","family":"JAMES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1452-824X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"SHWETA","family":"YADAV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4913","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"67283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Beddard, F.E. (1883) Note on some earthworms from India. Annals and Magazine of Natural History<\/em>, Series 6, 12 (70), 213\u2013 224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222938309459619<\/p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00222938309459619"},{"key":"67284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Beddard, F.E. (1888) On the structure of three new species of earthworms, with remarks on certain points of the morphology of the Oligochaeta. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Sciences<\/em>, 29, 101\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.s2-29.114.101<\/p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.s2-29.114.101"},{"key":"67285","unstructured":"

Beddard, F.E. (1900) On a new species of earthworm from India, belonging to the Genus Amyntas<\/em>. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London<\/em>, 1990, 998\u20131002.      <\/p>"},{"key":"67286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

\u010candek, K. & Kuntner, M. (2015) DNA barcoding gap: reliable species identification over morphological and geographical scales. Molecular Ecology Resources<\/em>, 15 (2), 268\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1755-0998.12304<\/p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12304"},{"key":"67287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: a multiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity. BMC Bioinformatics<\/em>, 5 (1), 113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-5-113<\/p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-5-113"},{"key":"67288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Gates, G.E. (1933) The earthworms of Burma IV. Records of the Indian Museum<\/em>, 35, 413\u2013606.<\/p>","DOI":"10.26515\/rzsi\/v35\/i4\/1933\/162584"},{"key":"67289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Gates, G.E. (1958) The earthworms of Burma. VII. The genus Eutyphoeus<\/em>, with notes on several Indian species. Records of the Indian Museum<\/em>, 53, 93\u2013222.<\/p>","DOI":"10.26515\/rzsi\/v53\/i1-2\/1955\/162025"},{"key":"67290","unstructured":"

Gates, G.E. (1959) On a taxonomic puzzle and the classification of the earthworms. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology<\/em>, 121, 229\u2013261.<\/p>"},{"key":"67291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Gates, G.E. (1972) Burmese earthworms. An introduction to the systematics and biology of megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to southeast Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society<\/em>, 62 (7), 1\u2013326.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1006214<\/p>","DOI":"10.2307\/1006214"},{"key":"67292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Halder, K.R., Dhani, S. & Mandal, C.K. (2007) On some earthworms present in unnamed collections of Zoological Survey of India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India<\/em>, 107, 79\u201393.<\/p>","DOI":"10.26515\/rzsi\/v107\/i3\/2007\/159128"},{"key":"67293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Hebert, P.D., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L. & Dewaard, J.R. (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London<\/em>, Series B: Biological Sciences, 270 (1512), 313\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2002.2218<\/p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2002.2218"},{"key":"67294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

James, S.W., Porco, D., Deca\u00ebns, T., Richard, B., Rougerie, R. & Ers\u00e9us, C. (2010) DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in Lumbricus terrestris<\/em> L., 1758 (Clitellata): resurrection of L. herculeus<\/em> (Savigny, 1826). Plos One<\/em>, 5 (12), e15629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015629<\/p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015629"},{"key":"67295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Jeratthitikul, E., Bantaowong, U. & Panha, S. (2017) DNA barcoding of the Thai species of terrestrial earthworms in the genera Amynthas<\/em> and Metaphire<\/em> (Haplotaxida: Megascolecidae). European Journal of Soil Biology<\/em>, 81, 39\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2017.06.004<\/p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2017.06.004"},{"key":"67296","unstructured":"

Julka, J.M. (1988) The Fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Megadrile Oligochaeta (Earthworms). Haplotaxida: Lumbricina: Megascolecoidea: Octochaetidae<\/em>. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 400 pp.<\/p>"},{"key":"67297","unstructured":"

Julka, J.M., Ramanujam, S.N. & Lalthanzara, H. (2005) On a new species of earthworm genus Eutyphoeus<\/em> (Octochaetidae: Oligochaeta) from Mizoram, India. Megadrilogica<\/em>, 10, 69\u201374.<\/p>"},{"key":"67298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Kimura, M. (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution<\/em>, 16 (2), 111\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01731581<\/p>","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01731581"},{"key":"67299","unstructured":"

Kinberg, J.G.H. (1867) Annulata nova. \u00d6fversigt af K\u00f6niglich Vetenskaps-Akademiens F\u00f6rhandlingar, Stockholm<\/em>, 23 (9), 97\u2013103 + 337\u2013357.<\/p>"},{"key":"67300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution<\/em>, 35 (6), 1547\u20131549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msy096<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096"},{"key":"67301","unstructured":"

Kvist, S. (2016) Does a global DNA barcoding gap exist in Annelida? Mitochondrial DNA Part A<\/em>, 27 (3), 2241\u20132252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/19401736.2014.984166<\/p>"},{"key":"67302","unstructured":"

Lalthanzara, H., Ramanujam, S.N. & Jha, L.K. (2011) Population dynamics of earthworms in relation to soil physico-chemical parameters in agroforestry systems of Mizoram, India. Journal of Environmental Biology<\/em>, 32, 599\u2013605.<\/p>"},{"key":"67303","unstructured":"

Lalthanzara, H. & Ramanujam, S.N. (2014) Earthworm cast production and physico-chemical properties in two agroforestry systems of Mizoram (India). Tropical Ecology<\/em>, 55, 77\u201386.<\/p>"},{"key":"67304","unstructured":"

Lewis, T. & Taylor, L.R. (1968) Introduction to experimental ecology. Academic Press. London, New York, 401 pp.<\/p>"},{"key":"67305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Lone, A.R., Tiwari, N., Thakur, S.S., Pearlson, O., Pavl\u00ed\u010dek, T. & Yadav, S. (2020) Exploration of four new Kanchuria sp.<\/em> of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from the North Eastern Region of India using DNA bar-coding approach. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity<\/em>, 13 (2), 268\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.japb.2020.02.004<\/p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japb.2020.02.004"},{"key":"67306","unstructured":"

Michaelsen, W. (1900) Oligochaeta. In: Das Tierreich<\/em>. Vol. 10<\/em>. R. Friedlander und Sohn, Berlin, pp. 1\u2013575.<\/p>"},{"key":"67307","unstructured":"

Michaelsen, W. (1907) Neue Oligochaeten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma, und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, Hamburg<\/em>, 24 (2), 143\u2013188.<\/p>"},{"key":"67308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Perrier, E. (1872) Recherche pour servir \u00e0 l\u2018historie des Lombriciens terrestres<\/em>. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d\u2019Histoire Naturelle Paris<\/em>, 8, 5\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.12201<\/p>","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.12201"},{"key":"67309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Porco, D., Chang, C.H., Dupont, L., James, S., Richard, B. & Deca\u00ebns, T. (2018) A reference library of DNA barcodes for the earthworms from Upper Normandy: Biodiversity assessment, new records, potential cases of cryptic diversity and ongoing speciation. Applied Soil Ecology<\/em>, 124, 362\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsoil.2017.11.001<\/p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2017.11.001"},{"key":"67310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Puillandre, N., Lambert, A., Brouillet, S. & Achaz, G. (2012) ABGD, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery for primary species delimitation. Molecular Ecology<\/em>, 21 (8), 1864\u20131877.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2011.05239.x<\/p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2011.05239.x"},{"key":"67311","unstructured":"

Ramanujam, S.N., Lalthanzara, H. & Jha, L.K. (2004) Biodiversity of earthworms in Mizoram. Journal of Nature Conservators<\/em>, 16, 129\u2013134.<\/p>"},{"key":"67312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Ratnasingham, S. & Hebert, P.D. (2007) BOLD: The Barcode of Life Data System (http:\/\/www. barcodinglife. org). Molecular Ecology Notes<\/em>, 7 (3), 355\u2013364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x<\/p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x"},{"key":"67313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Ratnasingham, S. & Hebert, P.D. (2013) A DNA-based registry for all animal species: the Barcode Index Number (BIN) system. Plos One<\/em>, 8 (7), e66213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0066213<\/p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066213"},{"key":"67314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Stephenson, J. (1917) On a collection of Oligochaeta from various parts of India and further India. Records of the Indian Museum<\/em>, 13, 353\u2013416.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.5865<\/p>","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.part.5865"},{"key":"67315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Stephenson, J. (1921) Oligochaeta from Manipur, the Laccadive Islands, Mysore, and other parts of India. Records of the Indian Museum<\/em>, 22, 745\u2013768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.part.1484<\/p>","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.part.1484"},{"key":"67316","unstructured":"

Stephenson, J. (1923) Oligochaeta. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma<\/em>. Taylor and Francis, London, 518 pp.<\/p>"},{"key":"67317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Stephenson, J. (1926) Descriptions of Indian Oligochaeta. I. Records of the Indian Museum<\/em>, 28, 249\u2013267.<\/p>","DOI":"10.26515\/rzsi\/v28\/i4\/1926\/163229"},{"key":"67318","unstructured":"

Tamura, K. & Nei, M. (1993) Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Molecular Biology and Evolution<\/em>, 10 (3), 512\u2013526.<\/p>"},{"key":"67319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Thakur, S.S. & Yadav, S. (2018) Exploration of Earthworms of India through Online Digital Library. Earthworms: The Ecological Engineers of Soil<\/em>, 2018, 33\u201359. [published online] https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.75666<\/p>","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.75666"},{"key":"67320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Thakur, S.S., Lone, A.R., Tiwari, N. & Yadav, S. (2020) Exploring new records of Eutyphoeus<\/em> sp. (Haplotaxida: Octochaetidae) from garo hills, Meghalaya, North Eastern state of India with use of DNA barcodes. Mitochondrial DNA Part A<\/em>, 31 (7), 265\u2013272.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24701394.2020.1781834<\/p>","DOI":"10.1080\/24701394.2020.1781834"},{"key":"67321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Tiwari, N., Paliwal, R., Rashid, A. & Yadav, S. (2020) Checklist of earthworm species (Oligochaeta) of the North Eastern Region of India. Zootaxa<\/em>, 4772 (2), 277\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4772.2.3<\/p>","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.4772.2.3"},{"key":"67322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"

Tiwari, N., Lone, A.R., Thakur, S.S. & Yadav, S. (2021) Interrogation of earthworm (Clitellata: Haplotaxida) taxonomy and the DNA sequence database. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity<\/em>, 14 (1), 40\u201352.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.japb.2020.09.015<\/p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japb.2020.09.015"}],"container-title":["Zootaxa"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T21:39:41Z","timestamp":1725485981000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mapress.com\/zt\/article\/view\/zootaxa.5005.1.3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.5005.1.3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-5334","1175-5326"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-5334","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1175-5326","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]}}}