{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T12:21:07Z","timestamp":1762950067405,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Science Publishing Group","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMPEM"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">The present study investigates a comprehensive treatment strategy for managing acidic effluent generated during the hydrometallurgical processing of discarded lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), specifically following cobalt oxalate precipitation. The effluent, characterized by extremely low pH (0.1), high total dissolved solids (TDS = 50,000 mg\/L), and elevated chemical oxygen demand (COD = 1640 mg\/L), was treated through a sequential combination of coagulation, adsorption, and distillation. Coagulation using ferric sulfate achieved 34% TDS reduction through precipitation of dissolved metal ions and oxalates. Subsequent adsorption employing thermally activated carbon derived from waste RO filters further reduced TDS by ~55% due to enhanced surface area and porous structure. Final distillation at 150\u00b0C yielded a &amp;gt;99% decrease in TDS and COD, producing condensate meeting CPCB discharge standards (TDS = 79 mg\/L, COD = 32 mg\/L). The integrated approach effectively transformed a high-strength acidic effluent into reusable water while concentrating recoverable metal residues. A preliminary techno-economic assessment indicated that the process is technically viable and scalable, with energy consumption during distillation being the major cost factor. The study demonstrates a sustainable and resource-efficient treatment pathway for LIB recycling effluents, contributing toward circular economy and zero-liquid discharge objectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ijmpem.20251004.15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T12:18:47Z","timestamp":1762949927000},"page":"143-159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effective Treatment of Acidic Effluent Generated from Li-ion Battery Recycling"],"prefix":"10.11648","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2576-3199","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dhvani","family":"Purohit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence on E-waste Management, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Hyderabad, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2175-5042","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kadari","family":"Ramaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence on E-waste Management, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Hyderabad, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5476-8302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anoop","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence on E-waste Management, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Hyderabad, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6914-6501","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Priyadarshini","family":"Bais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence on E-waste Management, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Hyderabad, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9542-3983","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ratheesh","family":"Ravendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence on E-waste Management, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Hyderabad, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4397-203X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ajay","family":"Kaushal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence on E-waste Management, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Hyderabad, India"}]}],"member":"4911","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaccari M, Parlanti F, M. 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