{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T00:36:18Z","timestamp":1772930178725,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,1]],"date-time":"2000-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":973036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Surfactant protein (SP)-A is a known opsonin for a variety of pulmonary pathogens. SP-A enhances ingestion of these pathogens by interaction with an SP-A receptor (SP-AR) found on phagocytic cells such as peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) and alveolar macrophages. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important respiratory pathogen in children. Recent studies have indicated that SP-A levels may be decreased in RSV bronchiolitis and pneumonia. In this study we examined the role of SP-A in uptake of RSV by both PBMC and U937 macrophages, a human macrophage cell line known to express SP-ARs. In addition, we studied the effect of SP-A\u2013mediated uptake of RSV on production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 and interleukin (IL)-10 by these cells because incomplete immunity to recurrent RSV infection has been partially attributed to abnormal cytokine responses by macrophages. SP-A enhanced binding and uptake of fluorescently labeled RSV (RSV-FITC) by PBMC in a dose-dependent manner, with a maximal effect seen with 10 to 15 \u03bc g\/ml SP-A as measured by both percent fluorescent monocytes and linear mean fluorescence (lmf) of individual cells. SP-A also enhanced uptake of RSV-FITC by U937 macrophages, with a maximal effect seen with 20 \u03bc g\/ml SP-A as measured by both percent fluorescent monocytes and lmf. With respect to TNF-\u03b1 levels, RSV alone slightly enhanced TNF-\u03b1 production by PBMC and decreased TNF-\u03b1 production by U937 macrophages measured at 12 h after addition of RSV. SP-A\u2013mediated uptake of RSV significantly enhanced TNF-\u03b1 production by PBMC and reversed the RSV-induced depression of TNF-\u03b1 by U937 macrophages. RSV significantly enhanced IL-10 production by both cell types, which was reversed by SP-A\u2013mediated uptake. These findings suggest that SP-A is an important opsonin for RSV and that SP-A\u2013mediated uptake of RSV may alter some of the unusual cytokine responses that are postulated to be involved in incomplete immunity to recurrent infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.23.5.3771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]],"date-time":"2013-04-03T21:50:17Z","timestamp":1365025817000},"page":"586-592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Surfactant Protein-A Enhances Uptake of Respiratory Syncytial Virus by Monocytes and U937 Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Frederick E.","family":"Barr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care and Anesthesia, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Pedigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care and Anesthesia, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}]},{"given":"Teresa R.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care and Anesthesia, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}]},{"given":"Virginia L.","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care and Anesthesia, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026030700061810700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80829-3","article-title":"Risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection for infants from low income families in relationship to age, sex, ethnic group, and maternal antibody level.","volume":"98","author":"Glezen","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. 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