{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:31:49Z","timestamp":1790973109536,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]],"date-time":"2000-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":962409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We have previously reported that human airway smooth-muscle (ASM) cells produce abundant interleukin (IL)-8, a major neutrophil chemoattractant involved in asthma exacerbations. Here, we tested the effects of the \u03b22-agonists salbutamol (Salbu) and salmeterol (Salme) on IL-8 release and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 \u2013induced IL-8 release from ASM cells. We found that TNF-\u03b1 strongly enhanced IL-8 release in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, whereas Salbu, Salme, the direct adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin (FSK), and the cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) analogue 8-bromoadenosine 3\u2032 ,5\u2032-cAMP (8-Br-cAMP) alone weakly stimulated IL-8 release. TNF-\u03b1 (10 ng\/ml)\u2013induced IL-8 release was markedly inhibited by the steroids dexamethasone (Dex) (0.1 to 10 \u03bc M) and fluticasone (Flut) (0.01 to 1 \u03bc M) but unaffected by Salbu, Salme, FSK, or 8-Br-cAMP. However, a combination of Dex (1 \u03bc M) or Flut (0.1 \u03bc M) with Salbu (10 \u03bc M), Salme (1 \u03bc M), FSK (10 \u03bc M), or 8-Br-cAMP (10 and 100 \u03bc M) significantly enhanced the inhibition by Dex or Flut alone. Experiments with KT5720, a selective inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A; rolipram, a selective inhibitor of type IV phosphodiesterase; and ICI-118,551, a \u03b22-receptor antagonist, suggested that the synergistic inhibition was mediated by \u03b22-receptor in a cAMP-dependent manner. This novel synergistic interaction of \u03b22-agonists and steroids may partly explain the benefits that result when these agents are combined to treat asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.23.1.3985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]],"date-time":"2013-04-03T21:38:04Z","timestamp":1365025084000},"page":"79-85","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Synergistic Inhibition by \u03b22-Agonists and Corticosteroids on Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 \u2013Induced Interleukin-8 Release from Cultured Human Airway Smooth-Muscle Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Linhua","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Knox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026030700040361800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00960.x","article-title":"New aspects of asthma.","volume":"231","author":"Barnes","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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