{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T00:07:41Z","timestamp":1772928461148,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in tissue macrophages (M\u00d8) increases prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release, potentially down-regulating granulomatous inflammation. In response to Mycobacteria, local M\u00d8 express COX-2, which is either nuclear envelope (NE)-associated or NE-dissociated. Persistent mycobacterial pulmonary inflammation is characterized by alveolar M\u00d8 expressing NE-dissociated (inactive) COX-2 without release of PGE2. In this study, we examined COX-2 in alveolar M\u00d8 after intranasal exposure to heat-killed Mycobacterium bovis BCG (HK-BCG). After administration, whole lungs of C57Bl\/6 mice were lavaged with saline; COX-2 expression and PGE2 release by alveolar M\u00d8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 and nitric oxide levels in the lung lavage were monitored. Normal alveolar M\u00d8 had undetectable levels of COX-2 on Western blots. However, 1 day after intranasal administration, almost all alveolar M\u00d8 had phagocytosed HK-BCG and expressed NE-dissociated COX-2 without any increase in the release of PGE2. At 28 days after intranasal administration, 68% of alveolar M\u00d8 still contained both BCG and the NE-dissociated form of COX-2. NE-associated (active) COX-2 was not observed in alveolar M\u00d8. In contrast, 7 days after intraperitoneal injection of HK-BCG, peritoneal M\u00d8 containing HK-BCG were no longer detected. At 28 days after intranasal administration, TNF-\u03b1 and nitrite levels in the lung lavage fluid were significantly higher than those in controls. Our results indicate that mycobacterial pulmonary inflammation is associated with suppressed PGE2 production by alveolar M\u00d8, with expression of COX-2 dissociated from the NE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2008-0230oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,19]],"date-time":"2008-12-19T20:12:48Z","timestamp":1229717568000},"page":"146-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Persistent Inactivation of Macrophage Cyclooxygenase-2 in Mycobacterial Pulmonary Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Shinohara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Traci","family":"Pantuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shizuka","family":"Shinohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Kogiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quentin N.","family":"Myrvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Caswell Beach, North Carolina; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth Ann","family":"Henriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshimi","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.12.1847","volume":"194","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.22.3.3776","volume":"22","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.4.561","volume":"187","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.42.2.567-573.1983","volume":"42","year":"1983","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/59.1.263","volume":"59","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780241110","volume":"24","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0605321","volume":"78","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1367fje","volume":"18","year":"2004","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737268","volume":"38","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(96)05608-5","volume":"53","year":"1996","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910490526","volume":"49","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2002.01403.x","volume":"106","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.2.775","volume":"181","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.61.6.712","volume":"61","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib15","first-page":"311","volume":"23","year":"1995","journal-title":"Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(01)00586-X","volume":"61","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3321","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M506846200","volume":"281","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19868","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32100-2","volume":"269","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10902","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.18.10902","volume":"270","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C184","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00346.2006","volume":"293","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7072","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.10.7072","volume":"179","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32936","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.46.32936","volume":"274","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1205737","volume":"80","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib24","first-page":"75","volume":"127","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6123","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.10.6123-6130.2001","volume":"69","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.6.1917","volume":"85","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7224","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.10.7224","volume":"275","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1080\/095530099139322","volume":"75","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.7.2407","volume":"141","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3087","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.5.3087","volume":"176","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.70.6.849","volume":"70","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(03)00147-X","volume":"128","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2005-0285OC","volume":"35","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3504","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.6.3504","volume":"162","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1007\/s10038-007-0185-7","volume":"52","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112815","volume":"79","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib37","first-page":"3168","volume":"108","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4295","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.7.4295","volume":"174","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63327-5","volume":"165","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.6.2577","volume":"157","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3578","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.6.3578","volume":"176","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117220","volume":"93","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L294","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1995.268.2.L294","volume":"268","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6878","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.10.6878","volume":"175","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200211-1383OC","volume":"167","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17964","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M703075200","volume":"282","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L613","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00206.2003","volume":"286","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib48","first-page":"1","volume":"30","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(01)01211-0","volume":"426","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026030623275882300_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L421","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.280.3.L421","volume":"280","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/41\/2\/146\/67068601\/ajrcmb_41_2_146.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/41\/2\/146\/67068601\/ajrcmb_41_2_146.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T04:30:08Z","timestamp":1772857808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article\/41\/2\/146\/8493999"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2008-0230oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-1549","1535-4989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-1549","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4989","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]]}}}