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Adiponectin (APN), an antiinflammatory adipocytokine, circulates at lower levels in the obese, which is thought to contribute to obesity-related inflammatory diseases. We sought to determine the effects of APN deficiency in a murine model of chronic asthma. Allergic airway inflammation was induced in APN-deficient mice (APN\u2212\/\u2212) using sensitization without adjuvant followed by airway challenge with ovalbumin. The mice were then analyzed for changes in inflammation and lung remodeling. APN\u2212\/\u2212 mice in this model develop increased allergic airway inflammation compared with wild-type mice, with greater accumulation of eosinophils and monocytes in the airways associated with elevated lung chemokine levels. Surprisingly, APN\u2212\/\u2212 mice developed severe pulmonary arterial muscularization and pulmonary arterial hypertension in this model, whereas wild-type mice had only mild vascular remodeling and comparatively less pulmonary arterial hypertension. Our findings demonstrate that APN modulates allergic inflammation and pulmonary vascular remodeling in a model of chronic asthma. These data provide a possible mechanism for the association between obesity and asthma, and suggest a potential novel link between obesity, inflammatory lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2008-0415oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,23]],"date-time":"2009-01-23T21:37:06Z","timestamp":1232746626000},"page":"397-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":173,"title":["Adiponectin Deficiency Increases Allergic Airway Inflammation and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Medoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology"},{"name":"Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihisa","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, 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