{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T21:23:52Z","timestamp":1791062632357,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small regulatory RNAs that control gene expression by translational suppression and destabilization of target mRNAs. There is increasing evidence that miRNAs regulate genes associated with fibrosis in organs, such as the heart, kidney, liver, and the lung. In a large-scale screening for miRNAs potentially involved in bleomycin-induced fibrosis, we found expression of miR-29 family members significantly reduced in fibrotic lungs. Analysis of normal lungs showed the presence of miR-29 in subsets of interstitial cells of the alveolar wall, pleura, and at the entrance of the alveolar duct, known sites of pulmonary fibrosis. miR-29 levels inversely correlated with the expression levels of profibrotic target genes and the severity of the fibrosis. To study the impact of miR-29 down-regulation in the lung interstitium, we characterized gene expression profiles of human fetal lung fibroblast IMR-90 cells in which endogenous miR-29 was knocked down. This confirmed the derepression of reported miR-29 targets, including several collagens, but also revealed up-regulation of a large number of previously unrecognized extracellular matrix\u2013associated and remodeling genes. Moreover, we found that miR-29 is suppressed by transforming growth factor (TGF)\u2013\u03b21 in these cells, and that many fibrosis-associated genes up-regulated by TGF-\u03b21 are derepressed by miR-29 knockdown. Interestingly, a comparison of TGF-\u03b21 and miR-29 targets revealed that miR-29 controls an additional subset of fibrosis-related genes, including laminins and integrins, independent of TGF-\u03b21. Together, these strongly suggest a role of miR-29 in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. miR-29 may be a potential new therapeutic target for this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2010-0323oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,22]],"date-time":"2010-10-22T21:00:52Z","timestamp":1287781252000},"page":"287-294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":444,"title":["miR-29 Is a Major Regulator of Genes Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Leah","family":"Cushing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping Ping","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengzhi","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor J.","family":"Thannickal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wellington V.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jining","family":"L\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00069307","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L152","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00313.2007","volume":"294","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2277","volume":"214","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0510","volume":"136","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.01.002","volume":"136","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2638","volume":"220","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI33099","volume":"117","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7390","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-0800","volume":"66","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07511","volume":"456","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13027","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805038105","volume":"105","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010020134","volume":"21","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3585","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI36870","volume":"118","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200911-1698OC","volume":"182","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114369","volume":"84","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6642","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.15.6642","volume":"88","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119590","volume":"100","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L585","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00151.2001","volume":"282","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6773","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00941-08","volume":"28","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1897","volume":"11","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.153","volume":"2","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890815)64:4<806::AID-CNCR2820640407>3.0.CO;2-X","volume":"64","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib22","first-page":"347","volume":"47","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2006132","volume":"163","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100035","volume":"207","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib25","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI107961","volume":"55","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2009.9","volume":"10","year":"2009","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5874","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0801130105","volume":"105","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200601-012TK","volume":"3","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0370849","volume":"37","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2174\/138945006776818700","volume":"7","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2004.027938","volume":"42","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2008.10.006","volume":"14","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22243","volume":"108","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206132","volume":"22","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-3094","volume":"68","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2008.06.006","volume":"314","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"2026021904100969200_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/43474","volume":"401","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/45\/2\/287\/66900479\/ajrcmb_45_2_287.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/45\/2\/287\/66900479\/ajrcmb_45_2_287.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:10:26Z","timestamp":1771492226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article\/45\/2\/287\/8483780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2010-0323oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-1549","1535-4989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-1549","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4989","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]}}}