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It was the purpose of this study to examine the expression of IL-17 family members in respiratory epithelial cells during bacterial infection. We show that common bacterial pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Haemophilus influenzae, and ligands of Toll-like receptors 3 and 5 (flagellin, polyI:C) induced the expression and release of IL-17C in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). The expression of IL-17A, -B, -D, or -E was not induced by bacterial stimuli in HBECs. IL-17C enhanced inflammatory responses of respiratory epithelial cells infected with P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cigarette smoke suppressed the expression of IL-17C in HBECs in response to bacterial infection and in vivo in the upper airways of mice colonized with H. influenzae. IL-17C could also be detected in bronchial tissue of subjects with infection-related lung diseases. These data show that IL-17C is involved in the innate immune response of respiratory epithelial cells and is suppressed by cigarette smoke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0232oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,7]],"date-time":"2012-12-07T02:37:55Z","timestamp":1354847875000},"page":"415-421","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["IL-17C Is a Mediator of Respiratory Epithelial Innate Immune Response"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Philipp","family":"Pfeifer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine V\u2013Pneumology, Allergology and Respiratory Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meike","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine V\u2013Pneumology, Allergology and Respiratory Critical Care 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