{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:24:57Z","timestamp":1790533497413,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Accumulation of apoptosis-resistant fibroblasts is a hallmark of pulmonary fibrosis. We hypothesized that disruption of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family proteins would limit lung fibrosis. We first show that transforming growth factor-\u03b21 and bleomycin increase X-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAP (cIAP)-1 and -2 in murine lungs and mesenchymal cells. Functional blockade of XIAP and the cIAPs with AT-406, an orally bioavailable second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac) mimetic, abrogated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis when given both prophylactically and therapeutically. To determine whether the reduction in fibrosis was predominantly due to AT-406\u2013mediated inhibition of XIAP, we compared the fibrotic response of XIAP-deficient mice (XIAP\u2212\/y) with littermate controls and found no difference. We found no alterations in total inflammatory cells of either wild-type mice treated with AT-406 or XIAP\u2212\/y mice. AT-406 treatment limited CCL12 and IFN-\u03b3 production, whereas XIAP\u2212\/y mice exhibited increased IL-1\u03b2 expression. Surprisingly, XIAP\u2212\/y mesenchymal cells had increased resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Functional blockade of cIAPs with AT-406 restored sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis in XIAP\u2212\/y mesenchymal cells in vitro and increased apoptosis of mesenchymal cells in vivo, indicating that the increased apoptosis resistance in XIAP\u2212\/y mesenchymal cells was the result of increased cIAP expression. Collectively, these results indicate that: (1) IAPs have a role in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis; (2) a congenital deficiency of XIAP may be overcome by compensatory mechanisms of other IAPs; and (3) broad functional inhibition of IAPs may be an effective strategy for the treatment of lung fibrosis by promoting mesenchymal cell apoptosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0148oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,17]],"date-time":"2015-09-17T11:27:57Z","timestamp":1442489277000},"page":"482-492","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Targeting Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins Protects from Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Shanna L.","family":"Ashley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"Sisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda K.","family":"Wheaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin K.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol A.","family":"Wilke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iyabode O.","family":"Ajayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalya","family":"Subbotina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaomeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin S.","family":"Duckett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine and Genetics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bethany B.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"},{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C.","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.2.ats3-00","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: diagnosis and treatment. International consensus statement. American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS)","volume":"161","author":"American Thoracic Society.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2008.85","article-title":"Pulmonary fibrosis: pathogenesis, etiology and regulation","volume":"2","author":"Wilson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60052-4","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"378","author":"King","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201404-145OC","article-title":"Increasing global mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the twenty-first century","volume":"11","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2006.01.002","article-title":"Pathogenetic pathways and novel pharmacotherapeutic targets in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"20","author":"Antoniou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pulm Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61144-1","article-title":"New cellular and molecular mechanisms of lung injury and fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"380","author":"Fernandez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201306-1141WS","article-title":"Future directions in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis research: an NHLBI workshop report","volume":"189","author":"Blackwell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200905-0674OC","article-title":"Diminished prostaglandin E2 contributes to the apoptosis paradox in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"182","author":"Maher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0021OC","article-title":"Transcription factor GATA-6 is expressed in quiescent myofibroblasts in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"42","author":"Lepp\u00e4ranta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200802-313OC","article-title":"Epithelial endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in sporadic idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"178","author":"Korfei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0224OC","article-title":"X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis regulates lung fibroblast resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis","volume":"49","author":"Ajayi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.4236\/abb.2012.326085","article-title":"Increased survivin expression contributes to apoptosis-resistance in IPF fibroblasts","volume":"3","author":"Sisson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Biosci Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.02.003","article-title":"Matrix biology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a workshop report of the national heart, lung, and blood institute","volume":"184","author":"Thannickal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2011.121","article-title":"Fas death receptor signalling: roles of Bid and XIAP","volume":"19","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm830","article-title":"IAP proteins: blocking the road to death\u2019s door","volume":"3","author":"Salvesen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400795","article-title":"Human inhibitor of apoptosis proteins: why XIAP is the black sheep of the family","volume":"7","author":"Eckelman","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7821","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00548-06","article-title":"The Drosophila inhibitor of apoptosis protein DIAP2 functions in innate immunity and is essential to resist gram-negative bacterial infection","volume":"26","author":"Leulier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2889","article-title":"IAPs: from caspase inhibitors to modulators of NF-\u03baB, inflammation and cancer","volume":"10","author":"Gyrd-Hansen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-2256","article-title":"cIAP1, cIAP2, and XIAP act cooperatively via nonredundant pathways to regulate genotoxic stress-induced nuclear factor-\u03baB activation","volume":"69","author":"Jin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3114","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.12.3114","article-title":"Direct inhibition of caspase 3 is dispensable for the anti-apoptotic activity of XIAP","volume":"20","author":"Silke","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib21","first-page":"781","article-title":"Structural basis of caspase inhibition by XIAP: differential roles of the linker versus the BIR domain","volume":"104","author":"Huang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8662","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.161506698","article-title":"Ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein promotes proteasomal degradation of caspase-3 and enhances its anti-apoptotic effect in Fas-induced cell death","volume":"98","author":"Suzuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00272-0","article-title":"Structural basis of caspase-7 inhibition by XIAP","volume":"104","author":"Chai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00274-4","article-title":"Structural basis for the inhibition of caspase-3 by XIAP","volume":"104","author":"Riedl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3254","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M510863200","article-title":"The human anti-apoptotic proteins cIAP1 and cIAP2 bind but do not inhibit caspases","volume":"281","author":"Eckelman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.06.009","article-title":"Structural determinants of DISC function: new insights into death receptor\u2013mediated apoptosis signalling","volume":"140","author":"Sessler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.05.014","article-title":"cIAP1 and cIAP2 facilitate cancer cell survival by functioning as E3 ligases that promote RIP1 ubiquitination","volume":"30","author":"Bertrand","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2004.07.003","article-title":"Caspases, IAPs and Smac\/DIABLO: mechanisms from structural biology","volume":"29","author":"Shiozaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26542","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100331200","article-title":"X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein functions as a cofactor in transforming growth factor-\u03b2 signaling","volume":"276","author":"Birkey Reffey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1021\/jm101505d","article-title":"A potent and orally active antagonist (SM-406\/AT-406) of multiple inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) in clinical development for cancer treatment","volume":"54","author":"Cai","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3604","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.21.10.3604-3608.2001","article-title":"Characterization of XIAP-deficient mice","volume":"21","author":"Harlin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6299","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902828","article-title":"A role for IL-1 receptor\u2013associated kinase-M in prostaglandin E2\u2013induced immunosuppression post\u2013bone marrow transplantation","volume":"184","author":"Hubbard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4368","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.8.4368","article-title":"Protection from pulmonary fibrosis in the absence of CCR2 signaling","volume":"167","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.12.005","article-title":"Inhibition of myocardin-related transcription factor\/serum response factor signaling decreases lung fibrosis and promotes mesenchymal cell apoptosis","volume":"185","author":"Sisson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L219","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00300.2013","article-title":"\u03b3-Herpes virus-68, but not Pseudomonas aeruginosa or influenza A (H1N1), exacerbates established murine lung fibrosis","volume":"307","author":"Ashley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2005-0239OC","article-title":"The role of CCL12 in the recruitment of fibrocytes and lung fibrosis","volume":"35","author":"Moore","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00252602","article-title":"Resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis in human lung fibroblast","volume":"20","author":"Tanaka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3447","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200604","article-title":"Implicating exudate macrophages and Ly-6C(high) monocytes in CCR2-dependent lung fibrosis following gene-targeted alveolar injury","volume":"190","author":"Osterholzer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60551-1","article-title":"Effect of interferon gamma-1b on survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (INSPIRE): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"374","author":"King","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00017711","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: guidelines for diagnosis and clinical management have advanced from consensus-based in 2000 to evidence-based in 2011","volume":"37","author":"Raghu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2014.11.018","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, fibroblast apoptosis resistance, and aging-related susceptibility to lung fibrosis","volume":"61","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231ra47","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3008182","article-title":"Reversal of persistent fibrosis in aging by targeting Nox4-Nrf2 redox imbalance","volume":"6","author":"Hecker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI66700","article-title":"Inhibition of mechanosensitive signaling in myofibroblasts ameliorates experimental pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"123","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3410\/B1-79","article-title":"Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins as drug targets for the treatment of cancer","volume":"1","author":"Vaux","year":"2009","journal-title":"F1000 Biol Rep"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.12176","article-title":"Inhibitors of apoptotic proteins: new targets for anticancer therapy","volume":"82","author":"Saleem","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem Biol Drug Des"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1517\/13543770903567077","article-title":"Small-molecule pan-IAP antagonists: a patent review","volume":"20","author":"Flygare","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Pat"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26251","article-title":"Reawakening the cellular death program in neoplasia through the therapeutic blockade of IAP function","volume":"115","author":"Wright","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib48","first-page":"89","article-title":"Design of small-molecule Smac mimetics as IAP antagonists","volume":"348","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27058","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M102415200","article-title":"X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) inhibits caspase-3 and -7 in distinct modes","volume":"276","author":"Suzuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7787","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.14.7787","article-title":"A single BIR domain of XIAP sufficient for inhibiting caspases","volume":"273","author":"Takahashi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2012.11.004","article-title":"IAP proteins: regulators of cell migration and development","volume":"24","author":"Kenneth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11778","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711122105","article-title":"Both cIAP1 and cIAP2 regulate TNF\u03b1-mediated NF-\u03baB activation","volume":"105","author":"Mahoney","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.030","article-title":"IAP antagonists induce autoubiquitination of c-IAPs, NF-\u03baB activation, and TNF\u03b1-dependent apoptosis","volume":"131","author":"Varfolomeev","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11493","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-5173","article-title":"A Smac mimetic rescue screen reveals roles for inhibitor of apoptosis proteins in tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 signaling","volume":"67","author":"Gaither","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026021122362446500_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2007.08.029","article-title":"Autocrine TNF\u03b1 signaling renders human cancer cells susceptible to Smac-mimetic\u2013induced apoptosis","volume":"12","author":"Petersen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/54\/4\/482\/66824285\/ajrcmb_54_4_482.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/54\/4\/482\/66824285\/ajrcmb_54_4_482.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T03:40:13Z","timestamp":1770867613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article\/54\/4\/482\/8469781"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0148oc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-1549","1535-4989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-1549","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4989","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]}}}