{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T14:43:57Z","timestamp":1772462637422,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are coded by 98% of human genomic DNA. They are grouped into two major classes according to length: small ncRNAs and long ncRNAs. They regulate genome organization, stability, and physiological processes that maintain cellular homeostasis. Recently, great interest has emerged in ncRNAs because of their significant roles in the development of inflammatory diseases, including sarcoidosis. Some have been introduced as novel markers for disease activity, such as increased levels of microRNA-34a in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with sarcoidosis, re-emphasizing the inflammatory component in sarcoidosis. They are also important factors in the outcome of sarcoidosis. Dysregulation of microRNA-let7f leads to overexpression of profibrotic factors and could be related to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with sarcoidosis, owing to their stimulatory effect on collagen expression and deposition. However, many unanswered questions remain about the association of ncRNAs and sarcoidosis. By understanding the functions of ncRNAs in T-helper cell type 1 and T-helper cell type 17, we may uncover the mechanism of action of those cells in sarcoidosis. Further translational research is needed to define the RNA gene fingerprint of different sarcoidosis stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2017-0196tr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]],"date-time":"2017-08-29T14:47:05Z","timestamp":1504018025000},"page":"147-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Noncoding RNAs: New Players in Pulmonary Medicine and Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Oriana","family":"Salamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esmaeil","family":"Mortaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5298-8442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Mirsaeidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Miami, Miami, Florida"},{"name":"Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.132027","article-title":"Proinflammatory exosomes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with sarcoidosis","volume":"65","author":"Qazi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.008","article-title":"The noncoding RNA revolution-trashing old rules to forge new ones","volume":"157","author":"Cech","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.05.004","article-title":"Emerging role of long noncoding RNAs in autoimmune diseases","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr097","article-title":"Non-coding RNAs as regulators of gene expression and epigenetics","volume":"90","author":"Kaikkonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5628404","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5628404","article-title":"Exosomes and exosomal mirna in respiratory diseases","volume":"2016","author":"Alipoor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201404-179FR","article-title":"MicroRNAs in respiratory disease: a clinician\u2019s overview","volume":"11","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16230","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808830105","article-title":"MicroRNA-directed transcriptional gene silencing in mammalian cells","volume":"105","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"Database issue","key":"2026012222032538600_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D68","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1181","article-title":"miRBase: annotating high confidence microRNAs using deep sequencing data","volume":"42","author":"Kozomara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3838","article-title":"Regulation of microRNA biogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Ha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1840","article-title":"Oncomirs\u2014microRNAs with a role in cancer","volume":"6","author":"Esquela-Kerscher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3595","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-260323","article-title":"Noncoding RNAs, cytokines, and inflammation-related diseases","volume":"29","author":"Marques-Rocha","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3509","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0298","article-title":"MicroRNA biogenesis and cancer","volume":"65","author":"Gregory","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03049","article-title":"Processing of primary microRNAs by the microprocessor complex","volume":"432","author":"Denli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030085","article-title":"Principles of microRNA-target recognition","volume":"3","author":"Brennecke","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2010.06.013","article-title":"MicroRNAs: synthesis, mechanism, function, and recent clinical trials","volume":"1803","author":"Wahid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2012.07.005","article-title":"MicroRNAs in common human diseases","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.09.015","article-title":"The roles of miRNAs as potential biomarkers in lung diseases","volume":"791","author":"Alipoor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S1672-0229(08)60044-3","article-title":"A brief review on the mechanisms of miRNA regulation","volume":"7","author":"Cai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.40","article-title":"MicroRNAs as regulatory elements in immune system logic","volume":"16","author":"Mehta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.02.012","article-title":"MicroRNA in autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases","volume":"32","author":"Pauley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-075013","article-title":"microRNA regulation of inflammatory responses","volume":"30","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000459","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000459","article-title":"The genetic signatures of noncoding RNAs","volume":"5","author":"Mattick","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.302521","article-title":"Long noncoding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"116","author":"Uchida","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.112.146704","article-title":"Long noncoding RNAs: past, present, and future","volume":"193","author":"Kung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3231","article-title":"Gracefully ageing at 50, X-chromosome inactivation becomes a paradigm for RNA and chromatin control","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2007.04.013","article-title":"Mechanisms regulating imprinted genes in clusters","volume":"19","author":"Edwards","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2371","article-title":"Balanced gene regulation by an embryonic brain ncRNA is critical for adult hippocampal GABA circuitry","volume":"12","author":"Bond","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.4161\/rna.20481","article-title":"The hallmarks of cancer: a long non-coding RNA point of view","volume":"9","author":"Gutschner","year":"2012","journal-title":"RNA Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad0467","article-title":"A long noncoding RNA associated with susceptibility to celiac disease","volume":"352","author":"Castellanos-Rubio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07756","article-title":"Small RNAs in transcriptional gene silencing and genome defence","volume":"457","author":"Moazed","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.01.043","article-title":"Discrete small RNA-generating loci as master regulators of transposon activity in Drosophila","volume":"128","author":"Brennecke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.07.029","article-title":"3\u2032 end formation of PIWI-interacting RNAs in vitro","volume":"43","author":"Kawaoka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.10.040","article-title":"Transcriptional silencing of transposons by Piwi and maelstrom and its impact on chromatin state and gene expression","volume":"151","author":"Sienski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18760","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1106676108","article-title":"Separation of stem cell maintenance and transposon silencing functions of Piwi protein","volume":"108","author":"Klenov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1140494","article-title":"A slicer-mediated mechanism for repeat-associated siRNA 5\u2032 end formation in Drosophila","volume":"315","author":"Gunawardane","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3988","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205505","article-title":"Molecular characterization of HIWI, a human member of the piwi gene family whose overexpression is correlated to seminomas","volume":"21","author":"Qiao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2012.00204","article-title":"Piwi expression and function in cancer","volume":"3","author":"Suzuki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1345","article-title":"siRNAs: applications in functional genomics and potential as therapeutics","volume":"3","author":"Dorsett","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2010.07.009","article-title":"RNAi and small interfering RNAs in human disease therapeutic applications","volume":"28","author":"Lares","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.01.035","article-title":"Origins and mechanisms of miRNAs and siRNAs","volume":"136","author":"Carthew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1425706","article-title":"Identification and characterization of two novel classes of small RNAs in the mouse germline: retrotransposon-derived siRNAs in oocytes and germline small RNAs in testes","volume":"20","author":"Watanabe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07754","article-title":"On the road to reading the RNA-interference code","volume":"457","author":"Siomi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-007-9013-8","article-title":"The microRNA (miRNA): overview of the RNA genes that modulate gene function","volume":"38","author":"Ying","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0387-2","article-title":"Fighting against kidney diseases with small interfering RNA: opportunities and challenges","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201204-0596PP","article-title":"Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary","volume":"187","author":"Vestbo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2012.04.011","article-title":"Role of microRNAs in lung disease","volume":"48","author":"Angulo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.044149.113","article-title":"Regulation of COX-2 expression by miR-146a in lung cancer cells","volume":"20","author":"Cornett","year":"2014","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201002-0304OC","article-title":"MicroRNA expression in induced sputum of smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"183","author":"Van Pottelberge","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-8932.114758","article-title":"Role of microRNAs in lung development and pulmonary diseases","volume":"3","author":"Sessa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-1895","article-title":"Recent advances in the pathophysiology of asthma","volume":"137","author":"Murphy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib51","first-page":"1307","article-title":"Overexpression of microRNA-21 and microRNA-126 in the patients of bronchial asthma","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.2174\/2211536604666150220232507","article-title":"Serum microRNA-21 as a biomarker for allergic inflammatory disease in children","volume":"4","author":"Sawant","year":"2015","journal-title":"MicroRNA"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000147","article-title":"Role of microRNAs in allergic asthma: present and future","volume":"15","author":"Perry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00254","article-title":"MicroRNAs as potential targets for progressive pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"6","author":"Rajasekaran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1139\/bcb-2014-0095","article-title":"The role of miR-29 in pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"93","author":"Cushing","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100035","article-title":"miR-21 mediates fibrogenic activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and lung fibrosis","volume":"207","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2013-0195OC","article-title":"MicroRNA-326 regulates profibrotic functions of transforming growth factor-\u03b2 in pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"50","author":"Das","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L156","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00313.2002","article-title":"Angiotensin II and the fibroproliferative response to acute lung injury","volume":"286","author":"Marshall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13027","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805038105","article-title":"Dysregulation of microRNAs after myocardial infarction reveals a role of miR-29 in cardiac fibrosis","volume":"105","author":"van Rooij","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160125","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0125-2016","article-title":"A systematic review of overlapping microRNA patterns in systemic sclerosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"26","author":"Bagnato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1404","article-title":"Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis","volume":"32","author":"Cao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.177","article-title":"Impact of lowering pulmonary vascular resistance on right and left ventricular deformation in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"17","author":"Querejeta Roca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i20","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.84.suppl_1.i20","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction: the role and impact of the renin\u2013angiotensin system","volume":"84(suppl 1)","author":"Luscher","year":"2000","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.202028","article-title":"Dynamic changes in lung microRNA profiles during the development of pulmonary hypertension due to chronic hypoxia and monocrotaline","volume":"30","author":"Caruso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2014-0166TR","article-title":"MicroRNAs in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"52","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L861","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00201.2010","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 plays a role in hypoxia-mediated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration","volume":"299","author":"Sarkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.112.300849","article-title":"Novel long noncoding RNAs are regulated by angiotensin II in vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"113","author":"Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib68","first-page":"40","article-title":"Evaluating PCR, culture & histopathology in the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis","volume":"134","author":"Thangappah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2016.10.007","article-title":"Levels of microRNA miR-16 and miR-155 are altered in serum of patients with tuberculosis and associate with responses to therapy","volume":"102","author":"Wagh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2011.00104","article-title":"MicroRNAs\u2014important molecules in lung cancer research","volume":"2","author":"Leidinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601911411084","article-title":"Ras in cancer and developmental diseases","volume":"2","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Medarde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Cancer"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12085","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905234106","article-title":"MiR-21 is an EGFR-regulated anti-apoptotic factor in lung cancer in never-smokers","volume":"106","author":"Seike","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.101741","article-title":"Prognostic value of mature microRNA-21 and microRNA-205 overexpression in non\u2013small cell lung cancer by quantitative real-time RT-PCR","volume":"54","author":"Markou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.02.074","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) represses tumor suppressor PTEN and promotes growth and invasion in non\u2013small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)","volume":"411","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8031","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206928","article-title":"MALAT-1, a novel noncoding RNA, and thymosin beta4 predict metastasis and survival in early-stage non\u2013small cell lung cancer","volume":"22","author":"Ji","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2010.10.008","article-title":"MALAT-1 enhances cell motility of lung adenocarcinoma cells by influencing the expression of motility-related genes","volume":"584","author":"Tano","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1192002","article-title":"Long noncoding RNA as modular scaffold of histone modification complexes","volume":"329","author":"Tsai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib78","first-page":"635","article-title":"Involvement of microRNAs in the inflammatory pathways of pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"66","author":"Bak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-014-0315-9","article-title":"Differential inflammatory microRNA and cytokine expression in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"63","author":"Jazwa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.12.068","article-title":"Differential expression of microRNA and predicted targets in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"417","author":"Crouser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.3.8810610","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory cytokine release by alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"154","author":"Zissel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12881-016-0266-6","article-title":"Altered miRNA expression in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"17","author":"Kisza\u0142kiewicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Med Genet"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib83","first-page":"418","article-title":"Annexin A11 is associated with pulmonary fibrosis in African American patients with sarcoidosis","volume":"33","author":"Mirsaeidi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.198","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies ANXA11 as a new susceptibility locus for sarcoidosis","volume":"40","author":"Hofmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22806","article-title":"MicroRNA-122, a tumor suppressor microRNA that regulates intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"49","author":"Tsai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1471","article-title":"Interplay of microRNAs, transcription factors and target genes: linking dynamic expression changes to function","volume":"41","author":"Nazarov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00089910","article-title":"T-helper cell type-1 transcription factor T-bet is upregulated in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"38","author":"Kriegova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121378","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/121378","article-title":"Correlation network analysis reveals relationships between microRNAs, transcription factor T-bet, and deregulated cytokine\/chemokine-receptor network in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"2015","author":"Dyskova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0332OC","article-title":"Elevated microRNA-33 in sarcoidosis and a carbon nanotube model of chronic granulomatous disease","volume":"54","author":"Barna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57275","article-title":"Antagonism of miR-33 in mice promotes reverse cholesterol transport and regression of atherosclerosis","volume":"121","author":"Rayner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.12.025","article-title":"Multiple expression control mechanisms of peroxisome proliferator\u2013activated receptors and their target genes","volume":"93","author":"Tan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2003-0304RC","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator\u2013activated receptor gamma activity is deficient in alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"30","author":"Culver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201010-1679OC","article-title":"Sarcoidosis-related mortality in the United States from 1988 to 2007","volume":"183","author":"Swigris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1120","article-title":"Racial difference in sarcoidosis mortality in the United States","volume":"147","author":"Mirsaeidi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib95","article-title":"Exosomal microRNA for detection of cardiac sarcoidosis","author":"Crouser","year":"","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.223","article-title":"Circulating microRNAs in heart failure with reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction","volume":"17","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib97","first-page":"60345","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding the role of miRNAs in exosomes and their therapeutic potential","volume":"16","author":"Xiang-yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Integr Agric"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2013.00008","article-title":"Role of miRNAs in CD4 T cell plasticity during inflammation and tolerance","volume":"4","author":"Sethi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker316","article-title":"Increased IL-17A expression in granulomas and in circulating memory T cells in sarcoidosis","volume":"51","author":"Ten Berge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.16.2.9032124","article-title":"Th1\/Th2 cell distribution in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"16","author":"B\u00e4umer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib101","first-page":"120","article-title":"Th1 and Th2 responses regulate experimental lung granuloma development","volume":"13","author":"Kunkel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050648","article-title":"The immune paradox of sarcoidosis and regulatory T cells","volume":"203","author":"Miyara","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42899","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42899","article-title":"Integration of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the skin of systemic sclerosis patients","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12061","article-title":"MicroRNA regulation of T-cell differentiation and function","volume":"253","author":"Jeker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"2026012222032538600_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00107","article-title":"Perturbed microRNA expression by Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes macrophage polarization leading to pro-survival foam cell","volume":"8","author":"Ahluwalia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/58\/2\/147\/66467421\/ajrcmb_58_2_147.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article-pdf\/58\/2\/147\/66467421\/ajrcmb_58_2_147.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T03:04:30Z","timestamp":1769137470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrcmb\/article\/58\/2\/147\/8430645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2017-0196tr","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-1549","1535-4989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-1549","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4989","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]}}}