{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T09:59:48Z","timestamp":1769248788211,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The differentiation of interstitial lung fibroblasts into contractile myofibroblasts that proliferate and secrete excessive extracellular matrix is critical for the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Certain lipid signaling molecules, such as prostaglandins (PGs), can inhibit myofibroblast differentiation. However, the sources and delivery mechanisms of endogenous PGs are undefined. Activated primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) produce PGs such as PGE2. We report that activation of primary HLFs with IL-1\u03b2 inhibited transforming growth factor \u03b2\u2013induced myofibroblast differentiation in both the IL-1\u03b2\u2013treated cells themselves (autocrine signal) and adjacent naive HLFs in cocultures (paracrine signal). Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that at least some of the antifibrotic effect of activated fibroblasts on nearby naive fibroblasts is carried by exosomes and other extracellular vesicles that contain several PGs, including high levels of the antifibrotic PGE2. Thus, activated fibroblasts communicate with surrounding cells to limit myofibroblast differentiation and maintain homeostasis. This work opens the way for future research into extracellular vesicle\u2013mediated intercellular signaling in the lung and may inform the development of novel therapies for fibrotic lung diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2017-0248oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T10:29:30Z","timestamp":1538130570000},"page":"269-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Activated Human Lung Fibroblasts Produce Extracellular Vesicles with Antifibrotic Prostaglandins"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8999-4827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon H.","family":"Lacy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Collynn F.","family":"Woeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental 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