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Varying amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx) are produced as byproducts during O3 generation from oxygen depending on the method of production, including the source and oxygen purity. A review of the current literature confirms a lack of consistent monitoring and reporting of potential nitrogen species produced with different methods of experimental O3 generation. The lack of consistent monitoring and reporting is potentially a factor that can explain divergence of reported experimental O3 exposure outcomes from different research groups. In the present report, we compare the effects of O3 generation from either a filtered air (FA-ozone) or a pure oxygen (Oxy-ozone) source on NOx generation and measures of O3-induced lung injury. We also consider if this impacts mixed exposures with O3 and ultrafine carbon black (CB) based on if the O3 was generated from a filtered air (FA-ozone-CB) versus a pure oxygen (Oxy-ozone-CB) source. Comparing FA-ozone versus Oxy-ozone, we observed increased lung inflammation and injury in the FA-ozone group. In the FA-ozone-CB group, compared with the Oxy-ozone-CB group, the FA-ozone-CB inhalation exposure resulted in the formation of a greater amount of NOx and induced protein nitrotyrosine in the lungs. Moreover, the FA-ozone-CB group had evidence of eosinophil recruitment not observed in the Oxy-ozone-CB group. Overall, this suggests that the source of oxygen for O3 generation impacts experimental outcomes. Furthermore, measurement and reporting of nitrogen species in O3 exposure should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2024-0633ma","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T10:34:39Z","timestamp":1749465279000},"page":"18-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ozone Generation Method Impacts Lung Toxicity and Oxidant Signaling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Atefeh","family":"Razazan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Pharmacology , and Toxicology"},{"name":"Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX) , and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Habibul Hasan","family":"Mazumder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Pharmacology , and Toxicology"},{"name":"Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX) , 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