{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:09:10Z","timestamp":1777540150838,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Scientific Publishers","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["j biomed nanotechnol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. Cartilage inflammation in osteoarthritis results from pain in articular joints. Anti-inflammatory drugs provide relief by hindering the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interleukin-6. Targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory\n drugs is very effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis. This approach reduces the usage of therapeutic drug dosages and unwanted side effects. Here, we fabricated a non-invasive and efficient targeted drug delivery system to reduce persistent inflammation in an osteoarthritis model. Temperature-sensitive\n hollow dextran\/poly(<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-isopropyl acrylamide) nanoparticles were synthesized by the destruction of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2019-bis(acryloyl)cystamine crosslinked cores in imidazolium-based ionic liquids. The copolymerized 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid created sulfur functionalities\n that increase the loading of therapeutic KAFAK peptides. The chemical structure of the polymer nanoparticles was analyzed with UV-Visible, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The thermal responsive characteristics of the nanoparticles were determined with dynamic\n light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Moreover, the synthesized nanoparticles were used as drug carriers to reduce inflammation in an <jats:italic>Ex Vivo<\/jats:italic> osteoarthritis model. The KAFAK-loaded hollow dextran\/PNIPAM nanoparticles effectively\n delivered therapeutic peptides in cartilage explants to suppress inflammation. These thermoresponsive nanoparticles could be an effective drug delivery system to deliver anti-inflammatory therapeutic peptides in a highly osteoarthritic environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1166\/jbn.2021.3069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T04:32:32Z","timestamp":1622781152000},"page":"859-872","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid-Assisted Preparation of Nano-Spheres Loaded with Bio-Active Peptides to Decrease Inflammation in an Osteoarthritis Model: <i>Ex Vivo<\/i> Evaluations"],"prefix":"10.1166","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yingzhuo","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The East Area of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710089, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The East Area of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710089, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiguang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Joint Surgery, Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The East Area of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710089, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The East Area of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710089, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The East Area of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710089, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhanhai","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710089, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17","reference":[{"issue":"(4)","key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pp.551","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22197","article-title":"Management of osteoarthritis in general practice in Australia.","volume":"66","author":"Brand","year":"2014.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care & Research"},{"issue":"(2)","key":"r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pp.249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.02.012","article-title":"The role of synovitis in osteoarthritis pathogenesis.","volume":"51","author":"Scanzello","year":"2012.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"p. 111559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2019.111559","article-title":"Ionic liquid-A greener templating agent with justicia adhatoda plant extract assisted green synthesis of morphologically improved Ag-Au\/ZnO nanostructure and it\u2019s antibacterial and anticancer activities.","volume":"198","author":"Pandiyan","year":"2019.","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology."},{"issue":"(5)","key":"r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pp.306","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.1998.0129","article-title":"Differential effects of local application of BMP-2 or TGF-\/31 on both articular cartilage composition and osteophyte formation.","volume":"6","author":"van Beuningen","year":"1998.","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage."},{"issue":"(9)","key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pp.1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.04.010","article-title":"Mitchell P.","volume":"24","author":"Kraus","year":"2016.","journal-title":"Direct in Vivo Evidence of Activated Macrophages in Human Osteoarthritis. 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