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This review presents an overview of anti-cancer mechanisms of several therapeutic gases: nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S), carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen (O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), and hydrogen (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). Controlled release behaviors of gases under different endogenous and exogenous stimuli are also briefly discussed, followed by their synergistic effects with different therapeutic modes. 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