{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:59:32Z","timestamp":1791928772057,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.5.51","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T19:34:51Z","timestamp":1590608091000},"page":"51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Telmisartan Reduces Axon Degeneration in Mice With Experimental Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Ralph J.","family":"Hazlewood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kuchtey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang-Jing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel W.","family":"Kuchtey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.013","article-title":"Global prevalence of glaucoma and projections of glaucoma burden through 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"121","author":"Tham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31469-1","article-title":"Glaucoma","volume":"390","author":"Jonas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.07.001","article-title":"Critical pathogenic events underlying progression of neurodegeneration in glaucoma","volume":"31","author":"Calkins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.112.007278","article-title":"A systematic comparison of the properties of clinically used angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists","volume":"65","author":"Michel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116710","article-title":"Angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of cultured murine proximal tubular cells is mediated by endogenous transforming growth factor-beta","volume":"92","author":"Wolf","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1007\/s001099900028","article-title":"Angiotensin II stimulates expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor type II in cultured mouse proximal tubular cells","volume":"77","author":"Wolf","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117251","article-title":"Angiotensin II stimulates extracellular matrix protein synthesis through induction of transforming growth factor-beta expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells","volume":"93","author":"Kagami","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2828(95)91983-X","article-title":"Angiotensin II stimulates the autocrine production of transforming growth factor-beta 1 in adult rat cardiac fibroblasts","volume":"27","author":"Lee","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-011-1274-7","article-title":"The role of TGF-\u00df in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"347","author":"Fuchshofer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.2000.0866","article-title":"Effect of oral losartan potassium administration on intraocular pressure in normotensive and glaucomatous human subjects","volume":"71","author":"Costagliola","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1076\/ceyr.23.2.133.5473","article-title":"The effect of topical CS-088, an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, on intraocular pressure and aqueous humor dynamics in rabbits","volume":"23","author":"Inoue","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.11.012","article-title":"Effect of CS-088, an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, on intraocular pressure in glaucomatous monkey eyes","volume":"80","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200008000-00005","article-title":"Oculohypotensive effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in acute and chronic models of glaucoma","volume":"36","author":"Shah","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0141137","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141137","article-title":"Losartan treatment protects retinal ganglion cells and alters scleral remodeling in experimental glaucoma","volume":"10","author":"Quigley","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1333","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.296","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin system regulates neurodegeneration in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma","volume":"5","author":"Semba","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5800","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3678","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker in a rat model of chronic glaucoma","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0201719","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201719","article-title":"Differential effects of angiotensin II type I receptor blockers on reducing intraocular pressure and TGF\u00df signaling in the mouse retina","volume":"13","author":"Hazlewood","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.06.020","article-title":"Microbead models in glaucoma","volume":"141","author":"Morgan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3947","article-title":"The microbead occlusion model: a paradigm for induced ocular hypertension in rats and mice","volume":"51","author":"Sappington","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.04.006","article-title":"The effects of anesthesia, mouse strain and age on intraocular pressure and an improved murine model of experimental glaucoma","volume":"99","author":"Cone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2010.06.018","article-title":"Differential susceptibility to experimental glaucoma among 3 mouse strains using bead and viscoelastic injection","volume":"91","author":"Cone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0260-18.2018","article-title":"Enlarged optic nerve axons and reduced visual function in mice with defective microfibrils","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198303000-00009","article-title":"Paraphenylenediamine: a new method for tracing human visual pathways","volume":"42","author":"Sadun","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6700","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20573","article-title":"A period of controlled elevation of IOP (CEI) produces the specific gene expression responses and focal injury pattern of experimental rat glaucoma","volume":"57","author":"Morrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2016.01.014","article-title":"Glial coverage in the optic nerve expands in proportion to optic axon loss in chronic mouse glaucoma","volume":"150","author":"Bosco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4443-07.2008","article-title":"Progressive ganglion cell degeneration precedes neuronal loss in a mouse model of glaucoma","volume":"28","author":"Buckingham","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5196","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0913141107","article-title":"Distal axonopathy with structural persistence in glaucomatous neurodegeneration","volume":"107","author":"Crish","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26559","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26559","article-title":"Automated axon counting in rodent optic nerve sections with AxonJ","volume":"6","author":"Zarei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-2-1","article-title":"Angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist losartan, reduces MPTP-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra","volume":"2","author":"Grammatopoulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5545","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0478","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blocker, telmisartan, via modulating AT1R and AT2R signaling in retinal inflammation","volume":"47","author":"Kurihara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.11.022","article-title":"Telmisartan ameliorates glutamate-induced neurotoxicity: roles of AT(1) receptor blockade and PPAR? activation","volume":"79","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3309","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6873","article-title":"Use of an adult rat retinal explant model for screening of potential retinal ganglion cell neuroprotective therapies","volume":"52","author":"Bull","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17444","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5461-12.2013","article-title":"Differential progression of structural and functional alterations in distinct retinal ganglion cell types in a mouse model of glaucoma","volume":"33","author":"Della Santina","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11507","volume":"73","author":"Leeman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.08.062","article-title":"Long-term angiotensin II AT1 receptor inhibition produces adipose tissue hypotrophy accompanied by increased expression of adiponectin and PPARgamma","volume":"552","author":"Zorad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2016.1171204","article-title":"Effects of telmisartan on fat distribution: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"32","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13826","article-title":"The effect of bariatric surgery on intraocular pressure","volume":"96","author":"Viljanen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000573","article-title":"Effect of head position and weight loss on intraocular pressure in obese subjects","volume":"26","author":"Lam","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"}],"container-title":["Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2766255","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:31:21Z","timestamp":1791927081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2766255"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.61.5.51","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]}}}