{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:59:12Z","timestamp":1791928752336,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613520000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.2.21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T17:38:57Z","timestamp":1613842737000},"page":"21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Semaphorin 3fa Controls Ocular Vascularization From the Embryo Through to the Adult"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Rami","family":"Halabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlene","family":"Watterston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carrie Lynn","family":"Hehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Risa","family":"Mori-Kreiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Childs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"McFarlane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"issue":"9827","key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60282-7","article-title":"Age-related macular degeneration","volume":"379","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bib5","first-page":"3582","article-title":"Choroidal neovascularization in the rat induced by adenovirus mediated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor","volume":"41","author":"Baffi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64525-7","article-title":"Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the retinal pigment epithelium leads to the development of choroidal neovascularization","volume":"157","author":"Spilsbury","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA","article-title":"Clinical observations on the use of new anti-VEGF drug, conbercept, in age-related macular degeneration therapy: a meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2013.04.008","article-title":"Semaphorin 3F forms an anti-angiogenic barrier in outer retina","volume":"587","author":"Buehler","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8826","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4278-15.2016","article-title":"p75NTR and Its ligand ProNGF activate paracrine mechanisms etiological to the vascular, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative pathologies of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"36","author":"Barcelona","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI44900","article-title":"Sema3E-PlexinD1 signaling selectively suppresses disoriented angiogenesis in ischemic retinopathy in mice","volume":"121","author":"Fukushima","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.03.026","article-title":"Sema3f Protects Against Subretinal Neovascularization In Vivo","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-7-114","article-title":"Genetic determinants of hyaloid and retinal vasculature in zebrafish","volume":"7","author":"Alvarez","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Dev Bio"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-007-9065-1","article-title":"Development of the retinal vasculature","volume":"10","author":"Fruttiger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2501","article-title":"Efficient genome editing in zebrafish using a CRISPR-Cas system","volume":"31","author":"Hwang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.11.2099","article-title":"Fashioning the vertebrate heart: earliest embryonic decisions","volume":"124","author":"Fishman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1002030302","article-title":"Stages of embryonic development of the zebrafish","volume":"203","author":"Kimmel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610, 612, 614","DOI":"10.2144\/000112619","article-title":"Method for isolation of PCR-ready genomic DNA from zebrafish tissues","volume":"43","author":"Meeker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2010.08.036","article-title":"Cranial vasculature in zebrafish forms by angioblast cluster-derived angiogenesis","volume":"348","author":"Proulx","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"bib21","first-page":"1470","article-title":"RNA isolation from embryonic zebrafish and cDNA synthesis for gene expression analysis","volume":"30","author":"Peterson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.514","article-title":"High-resolution in situ hybridization to whole\u2013mount zebrafish embryos","volume":"3","author":"Thisse","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.4.973","article-title":"Patterning of angiogenesis in the zebrafish embryo","volume":"129","author":"Childs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2010.165","article-title":"Embedding, serial sectioning and staining of zebrafish embryos using JB-4 resin","volume":"6","author":"Sullivan-Brown","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85325","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085325","article-title":"Patterning the cone mosaic array in zebrafish retina requires specification of ultraviolet-sensitive cones","volume":"9","author":"Raymond","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.9.001244","article-title":"Quantitative biometry of zebrafish retinal vasculature using optical coherence tomographic angiography","volume":"9","author":"Bozic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2748","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002748","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced retinal angiogenesis in zebrafish as a model to study retinopathy","volume":"3","author":"Cao","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0723","article-title":"Gene expression profiling of zebrafish embryonic retinal pigment epithelium in vivo","volume":"48","author":"Leung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80648-0","article-title":"Semaphorin-neuropilin interactions underlying sympathetic axon responses to class III semaphorins","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80535-8","article-title":"Neuropilin is a semaphorin III receptor","volume":"90","author":"Kolodkin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80869-7","article-title":"Neuropilin-2 is required in vivo for selective axon guidance responses to secreted semaphorins","volume":"25","author":"Giger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80063-X","article-title":"Plexins are a large family of receptors for transmembrane, secreted, and GPI-anchored semaphorins in vertebrates","volume":"99","author":"Tamagnone","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2014.07.024","article-title":"In vivo analysis of hyaloid vasculature morphogenesis in zebrafish: A role for the lens in maturation and maintenance of the hyaloid","volume":"394","author":"Hartsock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9995","article-title":"The vascular anatomy of the developing zebrafish: an atlas of embryonic and early larval development","volume":"230","author":"Isogai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0176456","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176456","article-title":"Live imaging of primary ocular vasculature formation in zebrafish","volume":"12","author":"Hashiura","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.004036","article-title":"von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor mutants faithfully model pathological hypoxia-driven angiogenesis and vascular retinopathies in zebrafish","volume":"3","author":"van Rooijen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-1990","article-title":"Ocular anti-VEGF therapy for diabetic retinopathy: overview of clinical efficacy and evolving applications","volume":"37","author":"Cheung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3627","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-04-016378","article-title":"Duplicate VegfA genes and orthologues of the KDR receptor tyrosine kinase family mediate vascular development in the zebrafish","volume":"110","author":"Bahary","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2016.1366","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor a and leptin expression associated with ectopic proliferation and retinal dysplasia in zebrafish optic pathway tumors","volume":"14","author":"Schultz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13684","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4333-08.2008","article-title":"Intact retinal pigment epithelium maintained by Nok is essential for retinal epithelial polarity and cellular patterning in zebrafish","volume":"28","author":"Zou","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"bib43","first-page":"183","article-title":"The outer limiting membrane (OLM) revisited: clinical implications","volume":"4","author":"Omri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bio041830","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.041830","article-title":"penner\/lgl2 is required for the integrity of the photoreceptor layer in the zebrafish retina","volume":"8","author":"Kujawski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Open"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0363","article-title":"Double cone dystrophy and RPE degeneration in the retina of the zebrafish gnn mutant","volume":"44","author":"Biehlmaier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e104661","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104661","article-title":"The Par-PrkC polarity complex is required for cilia growth in zebrafish photoreceptors","volume":"9","author":"Krock","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/380439a0","article-title":"Heterozygous embryonic lethality induced by targeted inactivation of the VEGF gene","volume":"380","author":"Ferrara","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6671","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-17-06671.2003","article-title":"Semaphorin 3F is critical for development of limbic system circuitry and is required in neurons for selective CNS axon guidance events","volume":"23","author":"Sahay","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-3090","article-title":"Semaphorin-3F is an inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis","volume":"64","author":"Kessler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.308226","article-title":"Sema3F (Semaphorin 3F) selectively drives an extraembryonic proangiogenic program","volume":"37","author":"Regano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.155655","article-title":"Mechanisms of integrin-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor cross-activation in angiogenesis","volume":"101","author":"Mahabeleshwar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.4.882","article-title":"Role of a(v)\u00df3 integrin in the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2","volume":"18","author":"Soldi","year":"1999","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-005-9021-x","article-title":"Src, Fyn and Yes play differential roles in VEGF-mediated endothelial cell events","volume":"8","author":"Werdich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31071","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031071","article-title":"Integrin \u00df 3 crosstalk with VEGFR accommodating tyrosine phosphorylation as a regulatory switch","volume":"7","author":"West","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2611","article-title":"M\u00fcller cell-derived VEGF is a significant contributor to retinal neovascularization","volume":"219","author":"Bai","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1990.41","article-title":"Permeability of ocular vessels and transport across the blood-retinal-barrier","volume":"4","author":"T\u00f6rnquist","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200302047","article-title":"VEGF guides angiogenic sprouting utilizing endothelial tip cell filopodia","volume":"161","author":"Gerhardt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"bib1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Retinal metabolism: a comparative look at energetics in the retina","volume-title":"Brain Res","author":"Country"},{"key":"bib2","first-page":"67","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis of retinal and choroidal vascular diseases","volume-title":"Progr Retin Eye Res.","author":"Campochiaro","year":"2015"},{"key":"bib4","first-page":"1045","article-title":"Development and pathology of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculature","author":"Saint-Geniez","year":"2004"},{"key":"bib14","first-page":"799","article-title":"Development of the primate retinal vasculature","volume-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res","author":"Provis","year":"2001"},{"key":"bib18","first-page":"W401","article-title":"CHOPCHOP: a CRISPR\/Cas9 and TALEN web tool for genome editing.","volume-title":"Nuc Acids Res.","author":"Montague","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib38","first-page":"937","article-title":"Endothelial cells and VEGF in vascular development","volume-title":"Nature","author":"Coultas","year":"2005"},{"key":"bib41","first-page":"493","article-title":"Retinal pigment epithelium tears: classification, pathogenesis, predictors, and management","volume-title":"Surv Ophthalmol.","author":"Ersoz","year":"2017"},{"key":"bib58","first-page":"23","article-title":"Semaphorin signaling in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and cancer","volume-title":"Cell Res","author":"Sakurai","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Investigative Opthalmology &amp; Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2772290","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:31:25Z","timestamp":1791927085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2772290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.62.2.21","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]}}}