{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:00:11Z","timestamp":1792094411540,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.5.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T18:42:58Z","timestamp":1619635378000},"page":"2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":436,"title":["IMI Impact of Myopia"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Padmaja","family":"Sankaridurg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Tahhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himal","family":"Kandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Naduvilath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin D.","family":"Frick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Carey Business School, Baltimore, Maryland, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas","family":"Marmamula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Center of Excellence, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ecosse","family":"Lamoureux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke - NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Keeffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Walline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, Ohio, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy R.","family":"Fricke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilas","family":"Kovai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Promotion Service, Population Health, Liverpool Hospital, SWSLHD, Health - New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Resnikoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e888","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30293-0","article-title":"Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Bourne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","article-title":"Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050","volume":"123","author":"Holden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311266","article-title":"Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: Systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling","volume":"102","author":"Fricke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M20","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25957","article-title":"IMI \u2013 Defining and classifying myopia: A proposed set of standards for clinical and epidemiologic studies","volume":"60","author":"Flitcroft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-017-0483-6","article-title":"The increasing prevalence of myopia in junior high school students in the Haidian District of Beijing, China: A 10-year population-based survey","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002590","article-title":"Prevalence and time trends of myopia in children and adolescents in CHINA: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.12.018","article-title":"Prevalence and 5- to 6-year incidence and progression of myopia and hyperopia in Australian schoolchildren","volume":"120","author":"French","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.176040","article-title":"Refractive error and visual impairment in school children in Northern Ireland","volume":"94","author":"O'Donoghue","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-312573","article-title":"Refractive error and visual impairment in Ireland schoolchildren","volume":"103","author":"Harrington","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib10","first-page":"623","article-title":"Refractive error in children in an urban population in New Delhi","volume":"43","author":"Murthy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0117349","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117349","article-title":"Prevalence of myopia and its risk factors in urban school children in Delhi: The North India myopia study (NIM study)","volume":"10","author":"Saxena","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001344","article-title":"Prevalence of myopia and associated risk factors in schoolchildren in North India","volume":"96","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-1151","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence, and progression of myopia of school children in Hong Kong","volume":"45","author":"Fan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib14","article-title":"High prevalence of myopia in children and their parents in Hong Kong Chinese Population: the Hong Kong Children Eye Study [published online ahead of print Jan, 24, 2020]","author":"Yam","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.05.015","article-title":"Refractive error in urban and rural adult Chinese in Beijing","volume":"112","author":"Xu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-019-1042-0","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of refractive error: a cross-sectional study in Han and Yi adults in Yunnan","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"China. BMC Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-26580","article-title":"Trends in the prevalence of myopia and myopic maculopathy in a Japanese population: the Hisayama study","volume":"60","author":"Ueda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.03.018","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of myopia in Europe and the impact of education","volume":"122","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0829-8","article-title":"The increasing prevalence of myopia and high myopia among high school students in Fenghua City, Eastern China: a 15-year population-based survey","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.184","article-title":"Changes of the ocular refraction among freshmen in National Taiwan University between 1988 and 2005","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"14","key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6188","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20243","article-title":"Age-specific prevalence of visual impairment and refractive error in children aged 3\u201310 years in Shanghai","volume":"57","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"China. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3182357f79","article-title":"Myopia progression rates in urban children wearing single-vision spectacles","volume":"89","author":"Donovan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.255","article-title":"Practical applications to modify and control the development of ametropia","volume":"28","author":"Sankaridurg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.2016.36.issue-4","article-title":"Age of onset of myopia predicts risk of high myopia in later childhood in myopic Singapore children","volume":"36","author":"Chua","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12042","article-title":"Age of myopia onset in a British population-based twin cohort","volume":"33","author":"Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3324","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1498","article-title":"Adult-onset myopia: The genes in myopia (GEM) twin study","volume":"49","author":"Dirani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6188","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20243","article-title":"Age-specific prevalence of visual impairment and refractive error in children aged 3\u201310 years in Shanghai","volume":"57","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"China. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0562","article-title":"Refractive error, axial length, and relative peripheral refractive error before and after the onset of myopia","volume":"48","author":"Mutti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.01.017","article-title":"Annual changes in refractive errors and ocular components before and after the onset of myopia in Chinese children","volume":"119","author":"Xiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3499","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-27164","article-title":"Role of parental refractive status in myopia progression: 12-year annual observation from the Guangzhou Twin Eye Study","volume":"60","author":"Liao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.2018.46.issue-8","article-title":"Cohort study with 4-year follow-up of myopia and refractive parameters in primary schoolchildren in Baoshan District, Shanghai","volume":"46","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.2019.97.issue-5","article-title":"Risk factors for high myopia: a 22-year follow-up study from childhood to adulthood","volume":"97","author":"Parssinen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580802624442","article-title":"Age of first distance prescription and final myopic refractive error","volume":"16","author":"Iribarren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib34","first-page":"321","article-title":"A longitudinal investigation of adult-onset and adult-progression of myopia in an occupational group: refractive and biometric findings","volume":"38","author":"McBrien","year":"1997","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002238","article-title":"Pediatric retinal detachment in an Asian population with high prevalence of myopia: clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, and prognostic factors","volume":"39","author":"Tsai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000481","article-title":"Review of contact lens\u2013related complications","volume":"44","author":"Lim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"issue":"9529","key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68275-5","article-title":"Laser eye surgery for refractive errors","volume":"367","author":"Sakimoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib38","first-page":"415","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of myopic maculopathy","volume":"7","author":"Yokoi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.01.016","article-title":"Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia","volume":"155","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.05.011","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in an elderly Chinese population in Taiwan: the Shihpai Eye Study","volume":"111","author":"Hsu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315298","article-title":"Prevalence of myopic macular degeneration worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"104","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311266","article-title":"Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling","volume":"102","author":"Fricke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2004.06.004","article-title":"How genetic is school myopia?","volume":"24","author":"Morgan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.09.004","article-title":"The epidemics of myopia: aetiology and prevention","volume":"62","author":"Morgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2004.09.008","article-title":"The lasting impact of childhood health and circumstance","volume":"24","author":"Case","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g5740","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5740","article-title":"Effect of providing free glasses on children's educational outcomes in China: cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"349","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.1329","article-title":"Effect of a local vision care center on eyeglasses use and school performance in rural China a cluster randomized clinical trial","volume":"136","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1882-z","article-title":"Parent, teacher, and student perspectives on how corrective lenses improve child wellbeing and school function","volume":"20","author":"Dudovitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3643","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.v75.12","article-title":"Association of multimedia teaching with myopia: A national study of school children","volume":"75","author":"Hinterlong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0174983","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174983","article-title":"Do school classrooms meet the Visual requirements of children and recommended vision standards?","volume":"12","author":"Negiloni","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2007.03.007","article-title":"The effect of dioptric blur on reading performance","volume":"47","author":"Chung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.119198","article-title":"Two strategies for correcting refractive errors in school students in Tanzania: randomised comparison, with implications for screening programmes","volume":"92","author":"Wedner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.99996","article-title":"Spectacle compliance amongst rural secondary school children in Pune district","volume":"61","author":"Gogate","year":"2013","journal-title":"India. Indian J Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"bib54","first-page":"36","article-title":"Compliance of spectacle wear and its determinants among schoolchildren of Dhakhiliya region of Oman: a descriptive study","volume":"4","author":"Khandekar","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Sci Res Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1628282","article-title":"Compliance and predictors of spectacle wear in schoolchildren and reasons for non-wear: a review of the literature","volume":"26","author":"Morjaria","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001070","article-title":"Spectacle compliance among adolescents: A qualitative study from Southern India","volume":"94","author":"Narayanan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.08.020","article-title":"Refractive error and visual impairment in school children in rural Southern China","volume":"114","author":"He","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2018.01.011","article-title":"Prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors among school-age children in the school district of Philadelphia","volume":"22","author":"Mayro","year":"2018","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.225","article-title":"Direct costs of myopia in Singapore","volume":"23","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7532","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12795","article-title":"The economic cost of myopia in adults aged over 40 years in Singapore","volume":"54","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.06.033","article-title":"Costs of refractive correction of distance vision impairment in the United States, 1999-2002","volume":"113","author":"Vitale","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"105","key":"bib62","first-page":"7","article-title":"The impact of uncorrected myopia on individuals and society","volume":"32","author":"Congdon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Community Eye Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M106","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25958","article-title":"IMI\u2013Interventions myopia institute: Interventions for controlling myopia onset and progression report","volume":"60","author":"Wildsoet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001367","article-title":"Myopia control: why each diopter matters","volume":"96","author":"Bullimore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2017.1376338","article-title":"Uncorrected and corrected refractive error experiences of Nepalese adults: a qualitative study","volume":"25","author":"Kandel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001143","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes for assessment of quality of life in refractive error: a systematic review","volume":"94","author":"Kandel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200402000-00004","article-title":"Development and validation of a multidimensional quality-of-life scale for myopia","volume":"81","author":"Erickson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1986.01050150056026","article-title":"Reported satisfaction, fluctuation of vision, and glare among patients one year after surgery in the prospective evaluation of radial keratotomy (PERK) study","volume":"104","author":"Bourque","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00268-2","article-title":"Functional outcome and satisfaction after photorefractive keratectomy: Part 1: Development and validation of a survey questionnaire","volume":"107","author":"Brunette","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20040101-03","article-title":"Development of a questionnaire to assess subjective vision score in myopes seeking refractive surgery","volume":"20","author":"Fraenkel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20050101-12","article-title":"Assessing the value of laser in situ keratomileusis by patient-reported outcomes using quality of life assessment","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000195566.94572.eb","article-title":"The adolescent and child health initiative to encourage vision empowerment (ACHIEVE) study design and baseline data","volume":"83","author":"Walline","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.2017.45.issue-7","article-title":"Impact of refractive error on quality of life: a qualitative study","volume":"45","author":"Kandel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181d408d7","article-title":"Item banking: a generational change in patient-reported outcome measurement","volume":"87","author":"Pesudovs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001246","article-title":"Constructing item banks for measuring quality of life in refractive error","volume":"95","author":"Kandel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.9.1031","article-title":"Quality of life in myopia","volume":"84","author":"Rose","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2017.1376338","article-title":"Uncorrected and corrected refractive error experiences of Nepalese adults: a qualitative study","volume":"25","author":"Kandel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjo.2015.12.001","article-title":"Association of refractive error with vision-related quality of life in junior high school students","volume":"6","author":"Hsieh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Taiwan J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0197-x","article-title":"Spectacles utilization and its impact on health-related quality of life among rural Chinese adolescents","volume":"32","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12680","article-title":"Reduced vision, refractive errors and health-related quality of life among adolescents in rural China","volume":"101","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.09.025","article-title":"Visual impairment and its impact on health-related quality of life in adolescents","volume":"147","author":"Wong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-013-9805-8","article-title":"Predictive factors for comorbid psychiatric disorders and their impact on vision-related quality of life in patients with high myopia","volume":"34","author":"Yokoi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib83","first-page":"84","article-title":"The quality of life in patients with pathologic myopia","volume":"45","author":"Takashima","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nihon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.4.14","article-title":"Six-year changes in myopic macular degeneration in adults of the Singapore epidemiology of eye diseases study","volume":"61","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)02223-7","article-title":"Myopic astigmatism and presbyopia trial","volume":"135","author":"Savage","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2012.07.001","article-title":"A comparative study of visual function of young myopic adults wearing contact lenses vs. spectacles","volume":"35","author":"Kanonidou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contact Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20120403-01","article-title":"Femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK improves quality of life","volume":"28","author":"Meidani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e31827a0241","article-title":"Myopia control with orthokeratology contact lenses in Spain: A comparison of vision-related quality-of-life measures between orthokeratology contact lenses and single-vision spectacles","volume":"39","author":"Santodomingo-Rubido","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4949","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0052","article-title":"Correction of moderate myopia is associated with improvement in self-reported visual functioning among Mexican school-aged children","volume":"48","author":"Esteso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.03.003","article-title":"Refractive error and visual function difficulty in a Latino population","volume":"119","author":"Sandhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000529","article-title":"Investigation of the effect of orthokeratology lenses on quality of life and behaviors of children","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens Sci Clin Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20170310-01","article-title":"Questionnaires for measuring refractive surgery outcomes","volume":"33","author":"Kandel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e6a1c8","article-title":"Vision specific quality of life of pediatric contact lens wearers","volume":"87","author":"Rah","year":"2010","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6 Pt 1","key":"bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e31804f80fb","article-title":"Benefits of contact lens wear for children and teens","volume":"33","author":"Walline","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"bib95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000413","article-title":"MiSight Assessment Study Spain: a comparison of vision-related quality-of-life measures between MiSight contact lenses and single-vision spectacles","volume":"44","author":"Pomeda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000454","article-title":"Daily disposable contact lenses versus spectacles in teenagers","volume":"92","author":"Plowright","year":"2015","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"21","key":"bib97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2748","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.21.2748","article-title":"Health and economic benefits of increased \u00df-blocker use following myocardial infarction","volume":"284","author":"Phillips","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.3.327","article-title":"Utility values associated with blindness in an adult population","volume":"85","author":"Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-4182(00)80077-0","article-title":"Converting visual acuity to utilities","volume":"35","author":"Sharma","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.02.014","article-title":"Utility and uncorrected refractive error","volume":"120","author":"Tahhan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.3.341","article-title":"Utility values and myopia in teenage school students","volume":"87","author":"Saw","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.2005.33.issue-6","article-title":"Utility values and myopia in medical students in Singapore","volume":"33","author":"Lim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000299","article-title":"Utility values among myopic patients in mainland China","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9860","key":"bib105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62081-9","article-title":"Disability weights for vision disorders in Global Burden of Disease study","volume":"381","author":"Taylor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2013.03.019","article-title":"Disability weights in the Global Burden of Disease 2010: Unclear meaning and overstatement of international agreement","volume":"111","author":"Nord","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.2017.45.issue-3","article-title":"Does blindness count? Disability weights for vision loss","volume":"45","author":"Braithwaite","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.029","article-title":"Potential lost productivity resulting from the global burden of myopia: systematic review, meta-analysis, and modeling","volume":"126","author":"Naidoo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib109","first-page":"5466","article-title":"Predicting costs and disability from the myopia epidemic\u2013a worldwide economic and social model","volume":"60","author":"Holy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.00.000000","article-title":"Global cost of correcting vision impairment from uncorrected refractive error","volume":"90","author":"Fricke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0207690","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207690","article-title":"The high prevalence of myopia in Korean children with influence of parental refractive errors: The 2008-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"13","author":"Lim","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-1316-6","article-title":"Factors associated with myopia in Korean children: Korea National Health and nutrition examination survey 2016-2017 (KNHANES VII)","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5579","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10106","article-title":"Prevalence of myopia and its association with body stature and educational level in 19-year-old male conscripts in Seoul","volume":"53","author":"Jung","year":"2012","journal-title":"South Korea. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5466","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12478","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for myopia in a rural Korean population","volume":"54","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e80361","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080361","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for refractive errors: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0211204","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211204","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of myopia in adult Korean population: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2013-2014 (KNHANES VI)","volume":"14","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2014.988874","article-title":"Risk factors for and progression of myopia in young Taiwanese men","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2014.928824","article-title":"Differences in prevalence of refractive errors in young Asian males in Singapore between 1996-1997 and 2009-2010","volume":"21","author":"Koh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0260","article-title":"The changing prevalence of myopia in young adults: A 13-year series of population-based prevalence surveys","volume":"46","author":"Dayan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.06.031","article-title":"Natural course of myopic traction maculopathy and factors associated with progression or resolution","volume":"156","author":"Shimada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib121","first-page":"193","article-title":"Prevalence of age-related cataract and cataract surgery in a Chinese adult population: The Taizhou eye study","volume":"57","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.2014.42.issue-4","article-title":"Myopia and the long-term incidence of cataract and cataract surgery: The Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"42","author":"Kanthan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.012","article-title":"Myopia as a risk factor for open-angle glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199515020-00005","article-title":"A clinical study of the development of posterior vitreous detachment in high myopia","volume":"15","author":"Morita","year":"1995","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0218107","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218107","article-title":"Posterior staphylomas and scleral curvature in highly myopic children and adolescents investigated by ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography","volume":"14","author":"Tanaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib126","first-page":"4081","article-title":"Fundus changes in highly myopic eyes with different shapes identified by high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"56","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2019.1606252","article-title":"Prevalence and associations of posterior segment manifestations in a cohort of Egyptian patients with pathological myopia","volume":"44","author":"Elnahry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e846","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.2018.96.issue-7","article-title":"Peripheral retinal changes in highly myopic young Asian eyes","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-19970101-11","article-title":"Screening for psychiatric distress and low self-esteem in patients presenting for excimer laser surgery for myopia","volume":"13","author":"Kidd","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20010301-07","article-title":"The sense of self-concept change in patients after radial keratotomy","volume":"17","author":"Toczolowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(00)90006-7","article-title":"A randomized, double-masked, clinical study of the efficacy of four nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in pain control after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy","volume":"22","author":"Vetrugno","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.04.033","article-title":"Sensitivity of the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life instrument to refractive surgery outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Nichols","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.02.004","article-title":"Responsiveness of the National Eye Institute refractive error quality of life instrument to surgical correction of refractive error","volume":"110","author":"McDonnell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2011.02.031","article-title":"Correction of high myopia with a phakic intraocular lens: interim analysis of clinical and patient-reported outcomes","volume":"37","author":"Lane","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e3181abb5bb","article-title":"Contact lenses in pediatrics study in Singapore","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20071001-04","article-title":"Vision-related quality of life comparison for emmetropes, myopes after refractive surgery, and myopes wearing spectacles or contact lenses","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3419576","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of myopia in Spain.","author":"Alvarez-Peregrina","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580490514513","article-title":"The age- and gender-specific prevalences of refractive errors in Tehran: The Tehran eye study.","volume":"11","author":"Hashemi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib139","first-page":"232","article-title":"Prevalence of refractive errors among high school Students in Western Iran.","volume":"9","author":"Hashemi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31825e6554","article-title":"High prevalence of myopia in an adult population, Shahroud, Iran.","volume":"89","author":"Hashemi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci."},{"key":"bib104","author":"World Health Organisation"}],"container-title":["Investigative Opthalmology &amp; Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2772540","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:31:25Z","timestamp":1791927085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2772540"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"references-count":140,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.62.5.2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]}}}