{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T13:24:45Z","timestamp":1792761885466,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.12.20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T10:31:09Z","timestamp":1668508269000},"page":"20","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Vascular Changes of the Choroid and Their Correlations With Visual Acuity in Pathological Myopia"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Yiyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sisi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"},{"name":"Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jue","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixiao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangqian","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anquan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"},{"name":"Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilei","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","article-title":"Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050","volume":"123","author":"Holden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.01.020","article-title":"Prevalence and progression of myopic retinopathy in Chinese adults: the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"117","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199212020-00009","article-title":"Pathologic findings in pathologic myopia","volume":"12","author":"Grossniklaus","year":"1992","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2017.1347692","article-title":"Visual acuity, and macular and peripapillary thickness in high myopia","volume":"42","author":"Abdolrahimzadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.01.012","article-title":"OCT-based diagnostic criteria for different stages of myopic maculopathy","volume":"126","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2012.07.015","article-title":"The relationship between axial length and choroidal thickness in eyes with high myopia","volume":"155","author":"Flores-Moreno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302836","article-title":"The relationship between retinal and choroidal thickness and visual acuity in highly myopic eyes","volume":"97","author":"Flores-Moreno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.04.029","article-title":"Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in highly myopic eyes","volume":"148","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e585","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.2015.93.issue-7","article-title":"Choroidal thickness and high myopia: a case\u2013control study of young Chinese men in Singapore","volume":"93","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.02.005","article-title":"Choroidal thickness measurement in myopic eyes by enhanced depth optical coherence tomography","volume":"120","author":"Ho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3876","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-3325","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal biometry in highly myopic eyes with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"50","author":"Ikuno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0791-5","article-title":"Correlation of subfoveal choroidal thickness with axial length, refractive error, and age in adult highly myopic eyes","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318242b990","article-title":"Choroidal thickness and visual acuity in highly myopic eyes","volume":"32","author":"Nishida","year":"2012","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000368","article-title":"Extreme choroidal thinning in high myopia","volume":"35","author":"Pang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669\u2013677.e1\u20132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.08.039","article-title":"Classification of early dry-type myopic maculopathy with macular choroidal thickness","volume":"153","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26086","article-title":"Visual acuity in pathological myopia Is correlated with the photoreceptor myoid and ellipsoid zone thickness and affected by choroid thickness","volume":"60","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-018-0115-1","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal changes in steroid-associated central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"4","author":"Ambiya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Retina Vitreous"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001295","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001295","article-title":"Decrease in choroidal vascularity index of Haller's layer in diabetic eyes precedes retinopathy","volume":"8","author":"Foo","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0207435","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207435","article-title":"Choroidal structural analysis in eyes with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema\u2014a novel OCT based imaging biomarker","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18511-7","article-title":"Choroidal vascularity index in type-2 diabetes analyzed by swept-source optical coherence tomography","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002585","article-title":"Use of choroidal vascularity index for choroidal structural evaluation in central serous chorioretinopathy with choroidal neovascularization","volume":"40","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e597","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13399","article-title":"Choroidal vascular changes in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"95","author":"Koh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1160_17","article-title":"Change in choroidal vascularity in acute central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"66","author":"Rasheed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2140002","DOI":"10.1142\/S1793545821400022","article-title":"Deep learning algorithms to segment and quantify the choroidal thickness and vasculature in swept-source optical coherence tomography images","volume":"14","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Innov Opt Health Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.01.022","article-title":"International photographic classification and grading system for myopic maculopathy","volume":"159","author":"Ohno-Matsui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2800","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26085","article-title":"Photoreceptor degeneration is correlated with the deterioration of macular retinal sensitivity in high myopia","volume":"60","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6020","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19542","article-title":"Retinal microvasculature alteration in high myopia","volume":"57","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21090","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21090","article-title":"Choroidal vascularity index as a measure of vascular status of the choroid: measurements in healthy eyes from a population-based study","volume":"6","author":"Agrawal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.12.002","article-title":"The multifunctional choroid","volume":"29","author":"Nickla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"}],"container-title":["Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2783856","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:31:33Z","timestamp":1791927093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2783856"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.63.12.20","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]}}}