{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:59:36Z","timestamp":1791928776310,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668556800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.12.23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T11:31:12Z","timestamp":1668598272000},"page":"23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Decreased Levels of Erythrocyte Membrane Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acids Are Associated With Retinopathy of Prematurity"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Tessa C.","family":"Gillespie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, and UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"Grogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irena","family":"Tsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, and UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, and UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara L.","family":"Calkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, and UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"26","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208129","article-title":"Mechanisms and management of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"367","author":"Hartnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.4290","article-title":"Incidence and early course of retinopathy of prematurity: secondary analysis of the Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity (G-ROP) study","volume":"136","author":"Quinn","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"17","key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1562545","article-title":"Carbon dioxide and retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"33","author":"Traub","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.892262","article-title":"The incidence and risk factors of severe retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight infants in Turkey","volume":"20","author":"Ali Riza Cenk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-014-9956-2","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in extreme low birth weight Chinese infants","volume":"35","author":"Yau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.04.018","article-title":"Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in the United States: 1997 through 2005","volume":"148","author":"Lad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.10.14","article-title":"Incidence, long-term visual outcomes, and mortality in retinopathy of prematurity in Korea: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"61","author":"Na","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F179","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-306207","article-title":"Impact of retinopathy of prematurity on ocular structures and visual functions","volume":"100","author":"Fielder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.11.015","article-title":"Real-world visual outcomes of laser and anti-VEGF treatments for retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"238","author":"Gundlach","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.06.055","article-title":"Chronic vascular arrest as a predictor of bevacizumab treatment failure in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"123","author":"Toy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.08.005","article-title":"Follow-up to age 4 years of treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity intravitreal bevacizumab injection versus laser: fluorescein angiographic findings","volume":"125","author":"Lepore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.6658","article-title":"Association of retinopathy of prematurity with low levels of arachidonic acid a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial","volume":"136","author":"L\u00f6fqvist","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1591","article-title":"Increased dietary intake of ?-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Connor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.221317","article-title":"Short communication: PPAR? mediates a direct antiangiogenic effect of ?3-PUFAs in proliferative retinopathy","volume":"107","author":"Stahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8040216","article-title":"The essentiality of arachidonic acid in infant development","volume":"8","author":"Hadley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.06.045","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid levels in extremely low birth weight infants with prolonged exposure to intravenous lipids","volume":"162","author":"Robinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7827(83)90004-8","article-title":"Chemistry and metabolism of lipids in the vertebrate retina","volume":"22","author":"Fliesler","year":"1983","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607113499373","article-title":"Fish-oil fat emulsion supplementation reduces the risk of retinopathy in very low birth weight infants","volume":"38","author":"Pawlik","year":"2014","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.11.002","article-title":"The influence of fish-oil lipid emulsions on retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"90","author":"Beken","year":"2014","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.5653","article-title":"Effect of enteral lipid supplement on severe retinopathy of prematurity: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"175","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20183061","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-3061","article-title":"Screening examination of premature infants for retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"142","author":"Fierson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.12.1684","article-title":"Revised indications for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: results of the early treatment for retinopathy of prematurity randomized trial","volume":"121","author":"Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607117709196","article-title":"Intravenous fish oil and pediatric intestinal failure\u2013associated liver disease: changes in plasma phytosterols, cytokines, and bile acids and erythrocyte fatty acids","volume":"42","author":"Calkins","year":"2018","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001","article-title":"Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Therapeutic decisions based upon clinical staging","volume":"187","author":"Bell","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-018-0084-z","article-title":"Recent advances in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment","volume":"196","author":"Hwang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lung"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants","volume":"13","author":"Fenton","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib28","first-page":"441","article-title":"The fatty acid composition of human retinal vitamin A ester and the lipids of human retinal tissue","volume":"3","author":"Futterman","year":"1964","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.04.039","article-title":"Decreased postnatal docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid blood levels in premature infants are associated with neonatal morbidities","volume":"159","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2017.09.015","article-title":"Postnatal RBC arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids deficiencies are associated with higher risk of neonatal morbidities and mortality in preterm infants","volume":"126","author":"Fares","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1061170","article-title":"The marine n-3 PUFA DHA evokes cytoprotection against oxidative stress and protein misfolding by inducing autophagy and NFE2L2 in human retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"11","author":"Johansson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-23034","article-title":"Enteral Arg-Gln dipeptide administration increases retinal docosahexaenoic acid and neuroprotectin D1 in a murine model of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"59","author":"Shaw","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2018.03.004","article-title":"Omega-6 fatty acids and inflammation","volume":"132","author":"Innes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1597131","article-title":"Parenteral fish-oil lipid emulsions in the prevention of severe retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Vayalthrikkovil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"13","key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611942","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants","volume":"376","author":"Collins","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.v43.7","article-title":"Enteral docosahexaenoic acid and retinopathy of prematurity: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"43","author":"Bernabe-Garc\u00eda","year":"2019","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-015-1036-5","article-title":"Developmental changes in polyunsaturated fetal plasma phospholipids and feto-maternal plasma phospholipid ratios and their association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"55","author":"Bernhard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2128771","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.28771","article-title":"Association of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid serum levels with retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants","volume":"4","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"9902","key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60178-6","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"382","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7930","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44476-w","article-title":"Alteration of erythrocyte membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids in preterm newborns with retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"9","author":"Pallot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-020-02293-2","article-title":"Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue at term indicates deficiency of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid and excessive linoleic acid supply in preterm infants","volume":"60","author":"B\u00f6ckmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030626","article-title":"Arachidonic acid in human milk","volume":"12","author":"Salem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/116.5.718","article-title":"High fat diets varying in ratios of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid and linoleic to linolenic acid: a comparison of rat neural and red cell membrane phospholipids","volume":"116","author":"Carlson","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib44","first-page":"189","article-title":"Fatty acid composition of brain, retina, and erythrocytes in breast- and formula-fed infants","volume":"60","author":"Makrides","year":"1994"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-014-0658-3","article-title":"Plasma phospholipids indicate impaired fatty acid homeostasis in preterm infants","volume":"53","author":"Bernhard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0234266","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234266","article-title":"Effect of red blood cell transfusion on the development of retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Investigative Opthalmology &amp; Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2783861","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:31:34Z","timestamp":1791927094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2783861"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.63.12.23","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]}}}