{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:16:16Z","timestamp":1792199776603,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.12.7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T11:37:12Z","timestamp":1693913832000},"page":"7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Association of Ocular Surface Immune Cells With Dry Eye Signs and Symptoms in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Kuklinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinxi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui-Shuang","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penny A.","family":"Asbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the DREAM Study Research Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.003","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II epidemiology report","volume":"15","author":"Stapleton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.06.033","article-title":"Prevalence of diagnosed dry eye disease in the United States among adults aged 18 years and older","volume":"182","author":"Farrand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002580","article-title":"Ocular discomfort and quality of life among patients in the dry eye assessment and management study","volume":"40","author":"Sayegh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s40135-013-0009-1","article-title":"Dry eye disease: impact on quality of life and vision","volume":"1","author":"Uchino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Ophthalmol Rep"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.07.022","article-title":"Update in current diagnostics and therapeutics of dry eye disease","volume":"124","author":"Thulasi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.11.11.13","article-title":"Dry Eye Subtypes in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) study: a latent profile analysis","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II definition and classification report","volume":"15","author":"Craig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000042","article-title":"The core mechanism of dry eye disease is inflammation","volume":"40","author":"Wei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.364","article-title":"Dry eye disease: an immune-mediated ocular surface disorder","volume":"130","author":"Stevenson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.5114\/ceji.2016.60995","article-title":"Immunomodulation on the ocular surface: a review","volume":"41","author":"Ambroziak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"DES192","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-23651","article-title":"Inflammatory response in dry eye","volume":"59","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102933","article-title":"Autoimmunity in dry eye disease \u2013 an updated review of evidence on effector and memory Th17 cells in disease pathogenicity","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108294","article-title":"Inflammatory basis for dry eye disease flares","volume":"201","author":"Perez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709691","article-title":"n-3 Fatty acid supplementation for the treatment of dry eye disease","volume":"378","author":"Asbell","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.5.615","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Ocular Surface Disease Index","volume":"118","author":"Schiffman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2018.06.002","article-title":"Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAMI) study: study design and baseline characteristics","volume":"71","author":"Asbell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"bib17","first-page":"221","article-title":"Report of the National Eye Institute\/Industry workshop on Clinical Trials in Dry Eyes","volume":"21","author":"Lemp","year":"1995","journal-title":"CLAO J"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/art.v69.1","article-title":"2016 American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: a consensus and data-driven methodology involving three international patient cohorts","volume":"69","author":"Shiboski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001714","article-title":"Prevalence of novel candidate Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome autoantibodies in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study","volume":"37","author":"Bunya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.03.018","article-title":"HLA-DR expression as a biomarker of inflammation for multicenter clinical trials of ocular surface disease","volume":"111","author":"Epstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib21","first-page":"1137","article-title":"Modulation of HLA-DR in dry eye patients following 30 days of treatment with a lubricant eyedrop solution","volume":"9","author":"Fernandez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1097-0320","article-title":"Simplified quantitation of myeloid dendritic cells in peripheral blood using flow cytometry","volume":"40","author":"Upham","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.01.006","article-title":"Deconstructing the form and function of the TCR\/CD3 complex","volume":"24","author":"Kuhns","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.07.010","article-title":"CD8(+) T cells: foot soldiers of the immune system","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925135","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/925135","article-title":"CD4?T cells: differentiation and functions","volume":"2012","author":"Luckheeram","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-012-9496-8","article-title":"CD4(+)CD25 (+)CD127 (low\/-) T cells: a more specific Treg population in human peripheral blood","volume":"35","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20060772","article-title":"CD127 expression inversely correlates with FoxP3 and suppressive function of human CD4+ T reg cells","volume":"203","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3858\/emm.2009.41.3.019","article-title":"Selective addition of CXCR3+CCR4-CD4+ Th1 cells enhances generation of cytotoxic T cells by dendritic cells in vitro","volume":"41","author":"Yoon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1467","article-title":"Surface phenotype and antigenic specificity of human interleukin 17-producing T helper memory cells","volume":"8","author":"Acosta-Rodriguez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"bib30","first-page":"S4664","article-title":"Dry eye disease: correlating HLA-DR expression with clinical severity","volume":"50","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib31","first-page":"90","article-title":"Flow cytometric analysis of inflammatory markers in KCS: 6-month treatment with topical cyclosporin A","volume":"42","author":"Brignole","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00347-X","article-title":"Flow cytometric analysis of conjunctival epithelium in ocular rosacea and keratoconjunctivitis sicca","volume":"107","author":"Pisella","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.03.017","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effect of the topical ophthalmic Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib (CP-690,550) in patients with dry eye disease","volume":"119","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2012.705405","article-title":"Limitations of an ocular surface inflammatory biomarker in impression cytology specimens","volume":"32","author":"Yafawi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.8.4.31","article-title":"Conjunctival HLA-DR expression and its association with symptoms and signs in the DREAM study","volume":"8","author":"Roy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.011","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II pathophysiology report","volume":"15","author":"Bron","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01713","article-title":"Effect of dry eye disease on the kinetics of lacrimal gland dendritic cells as visualized by intravital multi-photon microscopy","volume":"11","author":"Ortiz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0115333","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115333","article-title":"Dynamic ocular surface and lacrimal gland changes induced in experimental murine dry eye","volume":"10","author":"Xiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.02.003","article-title":"Ocular surface immunity: homeostatic mechanisms and their disruption in dry eye disease","volume":"31","author":"Barabino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00742","article-title":"Intravital multiphoton microscopy of the ocular surface: alterations in conventional dendritic cell morphology and kinetics in dry eye disease","volume":"11","author":"Jamali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3950","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.7.3950","article-title":"Desiccating stress induces T cell-mediated Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome-like lacrimal keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"176","author":"Niederkorn","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.1.25","article-title":"Role of CD4+ T helper cells in the development of BAC-induced dry eye syndrome in mice","volume":"62","author":"Ouyang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.11.003","article-title":"Th17 cells in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: pathogenicity and plasticity","volume":"87","author":"Verstappen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Autoimmunity"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2020.05.009","article-title":"The role of Th17 immunity in chronic ocular surface disorders","volume":"19","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ocular Surf"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.126.12.1695","article-title":"Modulation of integrin a4\u00df1 (VLA-4) in dry eye disease","volume":"126","author":"Ecoiffier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.11.1489","article-title":"Analysis of topical cyclosporine treatment of patients with dry eye syndrome: effect on conjunctival lymphocytes","volume":"118","author":"Kunert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1602144","article-title":"IFN-?\u2013expressing Th17 cells are required for development of severe ocular surface autoimmunity","volume":"199","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2018.1519834","article-title":"A review of the Cytokine IL-17 in ocular surface and corneal disease","volume":"44","author":"Garbutcheon-Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2011.25.2.73","article-title":"Investigating the relationship between serum interleukin-17 levels and systemic immune-mediated disease in patients with dry eye syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Oh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204584","article-title":"Th17 cells play a critical role in the development of experimental Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"74","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2003.12.003","article-title":"Naturally-occurring CD4+ CD25+ immunoregulatory T cells: central players in the arena of peripheral tolerance","volume":"16","author":"Piccirillo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1265","article-title":"Inducing and expanding regulatory T cell populations by foreign antigen","volume":"6","author":"Kretschmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11121","article-title":"Effect of desiccating environmental stress versus systemic muscarinic AChR blockade on dry eye immunopathogenesis","volume":"54","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.182.3.1247","article-title":"Autoimmunity in dry eye is due to resistance of Th17 to Treg suppression","volume":"182","author":"Chauhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.091116","article-title":"Spontaneous autoimmune dacryoadenitis in aged CD25KO mice","volume":"177","author":"Rahimy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep357","article-title":"Age-related T-cell cytokine profile parallels corneal disease severity in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome-like keratoconjunctivitis sicca in CD25KO mice","volume":"49","author":"De Paiva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.10.006","article-title":"The gut-eye-lacrimal gland-microbiome axis in Sj\u00f6gren syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Trujillo-Vargas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocular Surf"},{"key":"bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.05.019","article-title":"The T cell in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: force majeure, not spectateur","volume":"39","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45312","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45312","article-title":"Tissue resident memory T cells in the human conjunctiva and immune signatures in human dry eye disease","volume":"7","author":"Bose","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602823","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.602823","article-title":"CD8(+) T lymphocytes: crucial players in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2021.06.001","article-title":"Relationships between activated dendritic cells and dry eye symptoms and signs","volume":"21","author":"Levine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092760","article-title":"Severity of Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome keratoconjunctivitis sicca increases with increased percentage of conjunctival antigen-presenting cells","volume":"19","author":"Pflugfelder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2021.04.002","article-title":"Altered ocular surface immune cell profile in patients with dry eye disease","volume":"21","author":"Nair","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2722","article-title":"Conjunctival in vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy in patients with Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Wakamatsu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2010.07.008","article-title":"Immune response in the conjunctival epithelium of patients with dry eye","volume":"91","author":"Barabino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.08.013","article-title":"T helper cytokines in dry eye disease","volume":"117","author":"Pflugfelder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2022.2162088","article-title":"Association of tear cytokine concentrations with symptoms and signs of dry eye disease: baseline data from the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) study","volume":"1\u20139","author":"Roy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2020-0158","article-title":"Clinical relevance of T lymphocyte subsets in pediatric Gra'es' disease","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00036","article-title":"NK cells regulate CD8(+) T cell mediated autoimmunity","volume":"10","author":"Lang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2017.04.017","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome from the perspective of ophthalmology","volume":"185","author":"Kuklinski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.2017.86.issue-6","article-title":"Patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome have alterations in absolute quantities of specific peripheral leucocyte populations","volume":"86","author":"Davies","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"bib72","first-page":"kead070","article-title":"Regulatory T cells: a new therapeutic link for Sj\u00f6gren syndrome?","volume":"15","author":"Ming","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.10.004","article-title":"Characteristics of the minor salivary gland infiltrates in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmunity"},{"key":"bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930802282651","article-title":"Quantification and molecular characterization of regulatory T cells in connective tissue diseases","volume":"42","author":"Banica","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"bib75","first-page":"2438","article-title":"T regulatory cells are markedly diminished in diseased salivary glands of patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203307085248","article-title":"Decreased CD4+ CD25+ bright T cells in peripheral blood of patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03966.x","article-title":"Cells with regulatory function of the innate and adaptive immune system in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"157","author":"Szodoray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213036","article-title":"Short-term and low-dose IL-2 therapy restores the Th17\/Treg balance in the peripheral blood of patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"77","author":"Miao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02811-z","article-title":"Circulating Th2 cell reduction and Th1\/Th2 imbalance are correlated with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"24","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10111539","article-title":"T cells subsets in the immunopathology and treatment of Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Rios-Rios","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2005.01.015","article-title":"CD4 CD25high regulatory T cells are not impaired in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Gottenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Autoimmunity"},{"key":"bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1002\/art.v68.7","article-title":"Association of Increased Treg cell levels with elevated indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase activity and an imbalanced kynurenine pathway in interferon-positive primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Maria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2016.1226470","article-title":"Elevated level of circulating CD4+ Helios+ FoxP3+ cells in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome patients","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Modern Rheumatol"},{"key":"bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2012.293","article-title":"Expansion of CD4+ CD25-GITR+ regulatory T-cell subset in the peripheral blood of patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: correlation with disease activity","volume":"64","author":"Alunno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"key":"bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket179","article-title":"Characterization of a new regulatory CD4+ T cell subset in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"52","author":"Alunno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.080246","article-title":"Foxp3+ T-regulatory cells in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: correlation with the grade of the autoimmune lesion and certain adverse prognostic factors","volume":"173","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ame J Pathol"},{"key":"bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309348234","article-title":"The numbers of Foxp3+ Treg cells are positively correlated with higher grade of infiltration at the salivary glands in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Sarigul","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.2014.80.issue-6","article-title":"Differential cytokine expression and regulatory cells in patients with primary and secondary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Furuzawa-Carballeda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8392","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.12.8392","article-title":"Global natural regulatory T cell depletion in active systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"175","author":"Miyara","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4245","article-title":"Peripheral regulatory cells immunophenotyping in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Furuzawa-Carballeda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854706","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/854706","article-title":"Distribution of peripheral lymphocyte populations in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome patients","volume":"2015","author":"Sudzius","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"bib92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01755","article-title":"IL-2 inhibition of Th17 generation rather than induction of treg cells is impaired in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome patients","volume":"9","author":"Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02769-y","article-title":"Impaired activation of STAT5 upon IL-2 stimulation in Tregs and elevated sIL-2R in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Keindl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12101359","article-title":"The role of regulatory T Cells in the onset and progression of primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Blinova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"bib95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"BIO1","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-21709","article-title":"The growing need for validated biomarkers and endpoints for dry eye clinical research","volume":"58","author":"Roy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2014.04.002","article-title":"Setting objective thresholds for rare event detection in flow cytometry","volume":"409","author":"Richards","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"bib97","first-page":"355","article-title":"The role of automated cytometry in the new era of cancer immunotherapy","volume":"9","author":"Danova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Clin Oncol"},{"key":"bib98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20686","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20686","article-title":"Standardizing flow cytometry immunophenotyping analysis from the Human ImmunoPhenotyping Consortium","volume":"6","author":"Finak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"bib99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2018.09.008","article-title":"Frequent issues and lessons learned from EuroFlow QA","volume":"475","author":"Kalina","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"}],"container-title":["Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2792721","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:31:45Z","timestamp":1791927105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2792721"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.64.12.7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]}}}