{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:19:12Z","timestamp":1792455552918,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.11.12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T12:31:53Z","timestamp":1754483513000},"page":"12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Flavoprotein Fluorescence Imaging in Stargardt Disease: Linking Metabolic Stress to Structural Damage"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"David A.","family":"Merle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Cuevas Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Righetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronja","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Kempf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Kohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Wissinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"K\u00fchlewein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Stingl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krunoslav","family":"Stingl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0397-236","article-title":"A photoreceptor cell-specific ATP-binding transporter gene (ABCR) is mutated in recessive Stargardt macular dystrophy","volume":"15","author":"Allikmets","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1159\/000488711","article-title":"Scotopic Microperimetric Assessment of Rod Function in Stargardt Disease (SMART) study: design and baseline characteristics (report no. 1)","volume":"61","author":"Strauss","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.101036","article-title":"Structure and function of ABCA4 and its role in the visual cycle and Stargardt macular degeneration","volume":"89","author":"Molday","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-308823","article-title":"Stargardt disease: clinical features, molecular genetics, animal models and therapeutic options","volume":"101","author":"Tanna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22339","article-title":"Report from the NEI\/FDA endpoints workshop on age-related macular degeneration and inherited retinal diseases","volume":"58","author":"Csaky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2008.07.003","article-title":"Use of fundus perimetry (microperimetry) to quantify macular sensitivity","volume":"27","author":"Rohrschneider","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80766-4","article-title":"Inferred retinal sensitivity in recessive Stargardt disease using machine learning","volume":"11","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.3.6","article-title":"Evaluation of local rod and cone function in Stargardt disease","volume":"63","author":"Stingl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.8.2.16","article-title":"A workshop on measuring the progression of atrophy secondary to Stargardt disease in the ProgStar studies: findings and lessons learned","volume":"8","author":"Ervin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"064036","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2400701","article-title":"Fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of myocardial apoptosis","volume":"11","author":"Ranji","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"key":"bib11","first-page":"215","article-title":"Retinal flavoprotein autofluorescence as a measure of retinal health","volume":"106","author":"Elner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2011.06.023","article-title":"Retinal flavoprotein fluorescence correlates with mitochondrial stress, apoptosis, and chemokine expression","volume":"93","author":"Field","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2023.130520","article-title":"High levels of FAD autofluorescence indicate pathology preceding cell death","volume":"1868","author":"Bryanskaya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj"},{"issue":"127\u2013128","key":"bib14","first-page":"139","article-title":"Sensitivity of flavoprotein fluorescence to oxidative state in single isolated heart cells","volume":"32","author":"Koke","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cytobios"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2013.02.015","article-title":"The human flavoproteome","volume":"535","author":"Lienhart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.36.070167.003321","article-title":"Flavoproteins","volume":"36","author":"Wellner","year":"1967","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00249-003-0361-4","article-title":"Fluorescence spectroscopic detection of mitochondrial flavoprotein redox oscillations and transient reduction of the NADPH oxidase-associated flavoprotein in leukocytes","volume":"33","author":"Kindzelskii","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Biophys J"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/27.1.438504","article-title":"Cellular autofluorescence\u2014is it due to flavins?","volume":"27","author":"Benson","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-1110-y","article-title":"Functional imaging of mitochondria in retinal diseases using flavoprotein fluorescence","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.126.7.934","article-title":"Rapid, noninvasive detection of diabetes-induced retinal metabolic stress","volume":"126","author":"Field","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20120712-02","article-title":"Noninvasive imaging of mitochondrial dysfunction in dry age-related macular degeneration","volume":"43","author":"Field","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181a3b923","article-title":"Detection of retinal metabolic stress resulting from central serous retinopathy","volume":"29","author":"Field","year":"2009","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1080\/13816810.2022.2144903","article-title":"Functional imaging of mitochondria in genetically confirmed retinal dystrophies using flavoprotein fluorescence","volume":"43","author":"Russell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg-2023-109470","article-title":"Diagnostic genome sequencing improves diagnostic yield: a prospective single-centre study in 1000 patients with inherited eye diseases","volume":"61","author":"Weisschuh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2013.2263135","article-title":"Probabilistic non-local means","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process Lett"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.117903","article-title":"Spectral transmission of intraocular lenses expressed as a virtual age","volume":"91","author":"van Norren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13947","article-title":"Stargardt disease: multimodal imaging: a review","volume":"49","author":"Heath Jeffery","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5029","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-16763","article-title":"Flecks in recessive Stargardt disease: short-wavelength autofluorescence, near-infrared autofluorescence, and optical coherence tomography","volume":"56","author":"Sparrow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib29","first-page":"2327","article-title":"In vivo measurement of lipofuscin in Stargardt's disease\u2014fundus flavimaculatus","volume":"36","author":"Delori","year":"1995","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3109\/13816810.2014.958861","article-title":"Retinal histopathology in eyes from a patient with Stargardt disease caused by compound heterozygous ABCA4 mutations","volume":"37","author":"Bonilha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8134","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14848","article-title":"Correlations among near-infrared and short-wavelength autofluorescence and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in recessive Stargardt disease","volume":"55","author":"Duncker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002519","article-title":"Retinal flecks in Stargardt disease reveal characteristic fluorescence lifetime transition over time","volume":"39","author":"Solberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retina"}],"container-title":["Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2810640","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:31:58Z","timestamp":1791927118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2810640"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.66.11.12","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]}}}