{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:02:15Z","timestamp":1791928935158,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.6.68","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T08:30:28Z","timestamp":1750667428000},"page":"68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Effects of Delayed Visual Feedback on Dynamic Postural Control"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Nora","family":"Pourhashemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayton","family":"Jaksic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behrang","family":"Keshavarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor W.","family":"Cleworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1159\/000022182","article-title":"Visual contributions to postural stability in older adults","volume":"46","author":"Lord","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63916-5.00004-5","article-title":"Sensorimotor control of standing balance","volume":"159","author":"Forbes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e88132","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088132","article-title":"Dynamic reweighting of three modalities for sensor fusion","volume":"9","author":"Hwang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.3.1097","article-title":"Sensorimotor integration in human postural control","volume":"88","author":"Peterka","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"bib5","first-page":"87","article-title":"Visual proprioceptive control of stance","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Hum Mov Stud."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-004-2205-6","article-title":"Joint coordination during quiet stance: effects of vision","volume":"164","author":"Krishnamoorthy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"bib7","first-page":"126","article-title":"Stabilization of human posture during induced oscillations of the body","volume":"45","author":"Diener","year":"1982","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2023.137068","article-title":"The effect of modified optic flow gain on quiet stance","volume":"797","author":"Lavalle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(00)00043-8","article-title":"Visual influences on balance","volume":"15","author":"Redfern","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s004220050587","article-title":"Postural control model interpretation of stabilogram diffusion analysis","volume":"82","author":"Peterka","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00801.2007","article-title":"Neuromusculoskeletal torque-generation process has a large destabilizing effect on the control mechanism of quiet standing","volume":"100","author":"Masani","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.29.1.38","article-title":"Age-related changes in peripheral and central nerve conduction in man","volume":"29","author":"Dorfman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63916-5.00015-X","article-title":"Balance, gait, and falls in multiple sclerosis","volume":"159","author":"Cameron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06029-4","article-title":"Learning to stand with sensorimotor delays generalizes across directions and from hand to leg effectors","volume":"7","author":"Rasman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65085","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.65085","article-title":"Learning to stand with unexpected sensorimotor delays","volume":"10","author":"Rasman","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325012","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1325012","article-title":"Age-related impairments and influence of visual feedback when learning to stand with unexpected sensorimotor delays","volume":"15","author":"Rasman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582204","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2020.582204","article-title":"Latency and cybersickness: impact, causes, and measures. A review","volume":"1","author":"Stauffert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Virtual Real"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2009.11.006","article-title":"Research in visually induced motion sickness","volume":"41","author":"Kennedy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576871","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2021.576871","article-title":"Predicting individual susceptibility to visually induced motion sickness by questionnaire","volume":"2","author":"Golding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Virtual Real"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208211008687","article-title":"The Visually Induced Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire (VIMSSQ): estimating individual susceptibility to motion sickness-like symptoms when using visual devices","volume":"65","author":"Keshavarz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720811403736","article-title":"Validating an efficient method to quantify motion sickness","volume":"53","author":"Keshavarz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1139\/y90-044","article-title":"Motion sickness: a synthesis and evaluation of the sensory conflict theory","volume":"68","author":"Oman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1177\/014107687807101109","article-title":"Motion sickness adaptation: a neural mismatch model","volume":"71","author":"Reason","year":"1978","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326969eco0303_2","article-title":"An ecological theory of motion sickness and postural instability","volume":"3","author":"Riccio","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ecol Psychol"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326969eco0303_1","article-title":"An ecological critique of the sensory conflict theory of motion sickness","volume":"3","author":"Stoffregen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ecol Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.81.5.2325","article-title":"Emergence of postural patterns as a function of vision and translation frequency","volume":"81","author":"Buchanan","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib28","first-page":"2041669517708205","article-title":"The accuracy and precision of position and orientation tracking in the HTC Vive virtual reality system for scientific research","volume":"8","author":"Niehorster","year":"2017","journal-title":"iPerception"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap0303_3","article-title":"Simulator sickness questionnaire: an enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness","volume":"3","author":"Kennedy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Aviat Psychol"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.01.012","article-title":"Predicting individual differences in motion sickness susceptibility by questionnaire","volume":"41","author":"Golding","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1080\/00273170701384340","article-title":"Outlier detection in test and questionnaire data","volume":"42","author":"Zijlstra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Multivariate Behav Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237488","article-title":"Suppression of visually evoked postural responses","volume":"63","author":"Bronstein","year":"1986","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2019.04.023","article-title":"A conceptual model of the visual control of posture.","volume":"248","author":"Bronstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-009-1883-5","article-title":"Removal of visual feedback alters muscle activity and reduces force variability during constant isometric contractions","volume":"197","author":"Baweja","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.05.029","article-title":"Sensorimotor adaptation of whole-body postural control","volume":"356","author":"Shiller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0241479","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241479","article-title":"Virtual reality as a tool for balance research: eyes open body sway is reproduced in photo-realistic, but not in abstract virtual scenes","volume":"15","author":"Assl\u00e4nder","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803185","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.803185","article-title":"Sinusoidal optic flow perturbations reduce transient but not continuous postural stability: a virtual reality-based study","volume":"13","author":"Ketterer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00010.2011","article-title":"Stability in a frontal plane model of balance requires coupled changes to postural configuration and neural feedback control","volume":"106","author":"Bingham","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s10827-010-0291-y","article-title":"Non-linear stimulus-response behavior of the human stance control system is predicted by optimization of a system with sensory and motor noise","volume":"30","author":"van der Kooij","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Comput Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.1993.9942050","article-title":"Is the cerebellum a Smith Predictor?","volume":"25","author":"Miall","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Mot Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s002219900286","article-title":"Adaptation to visual feedback delays in a human manual tracking task","volume":"131","author":"Foulkes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afae137","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afae137","article-title":"Towards an explanation for \u2018unexplained\u2019 dizziness in older people","volume":"53","author":"Castro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-170622","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD): consensus document of the committee for the classification of vestibular disorders of the B\u00e1r\u00e1ny Society","volume":"27","author":"Staab","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vestib Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib45","first-page":"20416695241270302","article-title":"Individual factors and vection in younger and older adults: how sex, field dependence, personality, and visual attention do (or do not) affect illusory self-motion","volume":"15","author":"Murovec","year":"2024","journal-title":"iPerception"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-022-00732-5","article-title":"Differences in virtual and physical head orientation predict sickness during active head-mounted display-based virtual reality","volume":"27","author":"Palmisano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Virtual Real"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00481.2018","article-title":"Age-related reweighting of visual and vestibular cues for vertical perception","volume":"121","author":"Alberts","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"bib24","volume-title":"Motion Sickness","author":"Reason","year":"1975"},{"key":"bib31","volume-title":"Discovering Statistics Using SPSS","author":"Field","year":"2009","edition":"3rd ed."}],"container-title":["Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2803164","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:32:11Z","timestamp":1791927131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?articleid=2803164"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.66.6.68","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]}}}