{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:02:35Z","timestamp":1791928955858,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.67.12.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:30:52Z","timestamp":1790861452000},"page":"2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dual Mechanisms of Impaired Visual Processing in Glaucoma: Insights From Resting-State and Task-Related EEG"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Xiaolin","family":"Mei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lok Hin","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anqi","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"Tsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"InnoHK, Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen M. Y.","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"InnoHK, Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.259600","article-title":"Normal tension glaucoma: from the brain to the eye or the inverse?","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1609-2","article-title":"Glaucoma: the retina and beyond","volume":"132","author":"Davis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"bib3","first-page":"611","article-title":"Strategies for improving early detection of glaucoma: the combined structure\u2013function index","volume":"8","author":"Tatham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.5455\/medarh.2016.70.203-207","article-title":"Challenges in early glaucoma detection","volume":"70","author":"Dervisevic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Arch"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2023.09.012","article-title":"Glaucoma-associated abnormalities in cortical activity during a visuocognitive task","volume":"156","author":"Garric","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136036","article-title":"Altered spontaneous cortical activity in mild glaucoma: a quantitative EEG study","volume":"759","author":"Samanchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4581","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23330","article-title":"Early changes of brain connectivity in primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"37","author":"Frezzotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14974","article-title":"Altered amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation in primary open-angle glaucoma: a resting-state FMRI study","volume":"56","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.05.007","article-title":"Interpreting EEG alpha activity","volume":"44","author":"Bazanova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00154","article-title":"The role of alpha-band brain oscillations as a sensory suppression mechanism during selective attention","volume":"2","author":"Foxe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14051","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14051","article-title":"Suppression of alpha-band power underlies exogenous attention to emotional distractors","volume":"59","author":"Arana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.10.007","article-title":"Alpha-band oscillations, attention, and controlled access to stored information","volume":"16","author":"Klimesch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-021-02034-4","article-title":"Alpha suppression indexes a spotlight of visual-spatial attention that can shine on both perceptual and memory representations","volume":"29","author":"Woodman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2025.108548","article-title":"Photic drive response in people with epilepsy: exploring the interaction with background alpha rhythm","volume":"228","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8249","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08421-z","article-title":"Fine structure of posterior alpha rhythm in human EEG: frequency components, their cortical sources, and temporal behavior","volume":"7","author":"Barzegaran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"47","key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23772","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913092116","article-title":"The generation and propagation of the human alpha rhythm","volume":"116","author":"Halgren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"30","key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5537","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0135-23.2023","article-title":"Visual information is predictively encoded in occipital alpha\/low-beta oscillations","volume":"43","author":"Turner","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib18","first-page":"9852194","article-title":"A comprehensive review on methodologies employed for visual evoked potentials","volume":"2016","author":"Kothari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientifica"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-016-9553-y","article-title":"ISCEV standard for clinical visual evoked potentials: (2016 update)","volume":"133","author":"Odom","year":"2016","journal-title":"Doc Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2374","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01603-0","article-title":"Non-invasive electrophysiology in glaucoma, structure and function\u2014a review","volume":"35","author":"Al-Nosairy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib21","first-page":"352","article-title":"Visual evoked potentials and glaucoma","volume":"7","author":"Tai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib22","first-page":"1257","article-title":"Diagnostic capability of isolated-check visual evoked potential for early to moderate primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-025-04221-6","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of isolated-check visual evoked potentials for glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib24","first-page":"326","article-title":"Correlation of pattern reversal visual evoked potential parameters with the pattern standard deviation in primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"7","author":"Kothari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(00)00525-3","article-title":"Impaired visual function in glaucoma","volume":"112","author":"Parisi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib26","first-page":"39","article-title":"The potential use of pattern reversal visual evoked potential for detecting and monitoring open angle glaucoma","volume":"3","author":"Ruchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Neurobiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5331","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0527","article-title":"A comparison between multifocal and conventional VEP latency changes secondary to glaucomatous damage","volume":"47","author":"Grippo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-022-00500-x","article-title":"Resting state EEG power spectrum and functional connectivity in autism: a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"13","author":"Garc\u00e9s","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Autism"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.05.026","article-title":"ICLabel: an automated electroencephalographic independent component classifier, dataset, and website","volume":"198","author":"Pion-Tonachini","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02525-0","article-title":"DISCOVER-EEG: an open, fully automated EEG pipeline for biomarker discovery in clinical neuroscience","volume":"10","author":"Gil \u00c1vila","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12639","article-title":"How to get statistically significant effects in any ERP experiment (and why you shouldn't)","volume":"54","author":"Luck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100150391013","article-title":"The optic nerve head in glaucomatous optic neuropathy","volume":"115","author":"Hernandez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-020-00736-1","article-title":"What is glaucomatous optic neuropathy?","volume":"64","author":"Nakazawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2020.101817","article-title":"Glaucoma as a neurodegenerative disease caused by intrinsic vulnerability factors","volume":"193","author":"Artero-Castro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000293","article-title":"Glaucoma as a neurodegenerative disease","volume":"35","author":"Danesh-Meyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575815","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2025.1575815","article-title":"Peak alpha frequency and alpha power spectral density as vulnerability markers of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: an exploratory EEG study","volume":"19","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318224af8d","article-title":"Quantitative EEG as a predictive biomarker for Parkinson disease dementia","volume":"77","author":"Klassen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000672","article-title":"Brain functional connectivity network breakdown and restoration in blindness","volume":"83","author":"Bola","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib40","first-page":"9540609","article-title":"Visual evoked potentials in primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"2017","author":"Jha","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurodegener Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/17469899.2016.1229599","article-title":"Structural and functional evaluations for the early detection of glaucoma","volume":"11","author":"Lucy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2020.4","article-title":"Visual evoked potential in the early diagnosis of glaucoma. Literature review","volume":"64","author":"Firan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rom J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.6.6.6","article-title":"Pattern electroretinography and visual evoked potentials provide clinical evidence of CNS modulation of high-and low-contrast VEP latency in glaucoma","volume":"6","author":"Sponsel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-21520","article-title":"Impact of the ability to divide attention on reading performance in glaucoma","volume":"58","author":"Swenor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653632","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.653632","article-title":"Functional dynamics of deafferented early visual cortex in glaucoma","volume":"15","author":"Prabhakaran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"18","key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3192","article-title":"The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma: a review","volume":"311","author":"Weinreb","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0042-2","article-title":"Normal tension glaucoma: review of current understanding and mechanisms of the pathogenesis","volume":"32","author":"Killer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23862","article-title":"Diffuse brain damage in normal tension glaucoma","volume":"39","author":"Giorgio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-317461","article-title":"Normal-tension glaucoma is associated with cognitive impairment","volume":"106","author":"Mullany","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib50","first-page":"767","article-title":"Residual vision activation and the brain-eye-vascular triad: dysregulation, plasticity and restoration in low vision and blindness \u2013 a review","volume":"36","author":"Sabel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1303-8025","article-title":"Is mental stress the primary cause of glaucoma?","volume":"238","author":"Sabel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"bib39","first-page":"311","article-title":"Illusions, hallucinations, and visual snow","volume-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","author":"Fraser","year":"2021"}],"container-title":["Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?doi=10.1167\/iovs.67.12.2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:32:15Z","timestamp":1791927135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/iovs.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?doi=10.1167\/iovs.67.12.2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.67.12.2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5783","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]}}}