{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:50:23Z","timestamp":1790211023394,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vision"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"DOI":"10.1167\/jov.26.2.7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T14:31:09Z","timestamp":1770993069000},"page":"7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sub-cone visual acuity can be achieved with less than 1 arcmin retinal slip"],"prefix":"10.1167","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Veronika","family":"Lukyanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"veronika.lukyanova@ukbonn.de"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Ameln","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"julius.ameln@ukbonn.de"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny L.","family":"Witten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"Zeiss Vision Science Lab, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"jenny-loren.witten@zeiss.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandr","family":"Gutnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"aleksandr.gutnikov@ukbonn.de"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Freiberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"Berliner Hochschule f\u00fcr Technik, Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"maximilian.freiberg@ukbonn.de"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilge","family":"Sayim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (LSCP), D\u00e9partement d\u2019\u00c9tudes Cognitives (DEC), \u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure (ENS), UMR8554, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France"},{"name":"bilge.sayim@ens.psl.eu"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolf","family":"Harmening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"wolf.harmening@ukbonn.dehttps:\/\/ao.ukbonn.de"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00466-4","article-title":"Figuring space by time","volume":"32","author":"Ahissar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron,"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2012.00089","article-title":"Seeing via miniature eye movements: A dynamic hypothesis for vision","volume":"6","author":"Ahissar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience,"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.10.001631","article-title":"Temporal properties of letter identification in retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"10","author":"Alexander","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A,"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.11.13","article-title":"In vivo cone photoreceptor topography of the human foveola","volume":"66","author":"Ameln","year":"2025","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1167\/jov.20.7.34","article-title":"High-acuity vision from retinal image motion","volume":"20","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Vision,"},{"issue":"21","key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13731","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.013731","article-title":"Retinally stabilized cone-targeted stimulus delivery","volume":"15","author":"Arathorn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Optics Express,"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199601000-00008","article-title":"The Freiburg Visual Acuity test: Automatic measurement of visual acuity","volume":"73","author":"Bach","year":"1996","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science,"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1958.sp005978","article-title":"Temporal and spatial summation in human vision at different background intensities","volume":"141","author":"Barlow","year":"1958","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology,"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.63.000212","article-title":"Visual acuity as a function of exposure duration","volume":"63","author":"Baron","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America,"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29201-y","article-title":"Fixational drift is driven by diffusive dynamics in central neural circuitry","volume":"13","author":"Ben-Shushan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Communications,"},{"issue":"45","key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19525","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006076107","article-title":"Bayesian model of dynamic image stabilization in the visual system","volume":"107","author":"Burak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1965.sp007784","article-title":"Optical and retinal factors affecting visual resolution","volume":"181","author":"Campbell","year":"1965","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology,"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4899","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.7.004899","article-title":"Multi-modal automatic montaging of adaptive optics retinal images","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomedical Optics Express,"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-07-02737.2002","article-title":"Functional asymmetries in ON and OFF ganglion cells of primate retina","volume":"22","author":"Chichilnisky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience,"},{"issue":"49","key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2200256119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2200256119","article-title":"Eye drift during fixation predicts visual acuity","volume":"119","author":"Clark","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903000103","article-title":"Topography of ganglion cells in human retina","volume":"300","author":"Curcio","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology,"},{"issue":"4314","key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/170036a0","article-title":"Vision with a stabilized retinal image","volume":"170","author":"Ditchburn","year":"1952","journal-title":"Nature,"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","first-page":"i","article-title":"An experimental study of visual fixation","volume":"8","author":"Dodge","year":"1907","journal-title":"The Psychological Review: Monograph Supplements,"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.9.31","article-title":"The relationship between visual sensitivity and eccentricity, cone density and outer segment length in the human foveola","volume":"62","author":"Domdei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,"},{"issue":"22","key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2007.01.007","article-title":"The length of Henle fibers in the human retina and a model of ganglion receptive field density in the visual field","volume":"47","author":"Drasdo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"39","key":"bib21","first-page":"E765","article-title":"An integrated model of fixational eye movements and microsaccades","volume":"108","author":"Engbert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(97)00340-4","article-title":"Forced-choice staircases with fixed step sizes: Asymptotic and small-sample properties","volume":"38","author":"Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041669515593043","DOI":"10.1177\/2041669515593043","article-title":"A refresher of the original Bloch's law paper (Bloch, July 1885)","volume":"6","author":"Gorea","year":"2015","journal-title":"I-Perception,"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23858","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-08028-9","article-title":"Neural network assisted annotation and analysis tool to study in-vivo foveolar cone photoreceptor topography","volume":"15","author":"Gutnikov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Scientific Reports,"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00724.2020","article-title":"Active vision at the foveal scale in the primate superior colliculus","volume":"125","author":"Hafed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology,"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3354","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.14.003354","article-title":"Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope for stabilized retinal imaging","volume":"14","author":"Hammer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optics Express,"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1037\/h0021743","article-title":"Stabilization of the retinal image: A review of method, effects, and theory","volume":"63","author":"Heckenmueller","year":"1965","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin,"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-009-1268-2","article-title":"The effect of optotype presentation duration on acuity estimates revisited.","volume":"248","author":"Heinrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Grafe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology,"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1167\/jov.22.10.5","article-title":"Assessment of binocular fixational eye movements including cyclotorsion with split-field binocular scanning laser ophthalmoscopy","volume":"22","author":"Hofmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Vision,"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2017.06.011","article-title":"Measuring temporal summation in visual detection with a single-photon source","volume":"140","author":"Holmes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14616-2","article-title":"Finely tuned eye movements enhance visual acuity","volume":"11","author":"Intoy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Communications,"},{"issue":"36","key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0055252025","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0055-25.2025","article-title":"Asymmetries in foveal vision","volume":"45","author":"Jenks","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience,"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.50.000769","article-title":"Effects of involuntary eye movements on visual acuity","volume":"50","author":"Keesey","year":"1960","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America,"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.69.001266","article-title":"Motion and vision. I. Stabilized images of stationary gratings","volume":"69","author":"Kelly","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America,"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.01.050","article-title":"Temporal encoding of spatial information during active visual fixation","volume":"22","author":"Kuang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Biology,"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(92)90144-8","article-title":"A visual nonlinearity fed by single cones","volume":"32","author":"Macleod","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57595","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.57595","article-title":"Rapid stimulus-driven modulation of slow ocular position drifts","volume":"9","author":"Malevich","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife,"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1348","article-title":"The role of fixational eye movements in visual perception","volume":"5","author":"Martinez-Conde","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Neuroscience,"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2014.08.024","article-title":"The effect of exposure duration on visual acuity for letter optotypes and gratings","volume":"105","author":"McAnany","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1167\/11.10.19","article-title":"Decoding natural signals from the peripheral retina","volume":"11","author":"McCann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Vision,"},{"issue":"6704","key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/27435","article-title":"A jitter after-effect reveals motion-based stabilization of vision","volume":"395","author":"Murakami","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature,"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(00)00237-6","article-title":"Visual jitter: Evidence for visual-motion-based compensation of retinal slip due to small eye movements","volume":"41","author":"Murakami","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.51.000761","article-title":"Determiners of the drift of the eye during monocular fixation","volume":"51","author":"Nachmias","year":"1961","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America,"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200202000-00011","article-title":"Time course of masking in spatial resolution tasks","volume":"79","author":"Ng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science,"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2416266122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2416266122","article-title":"Fixational eye movements as active sensation for high visual acuity","volume":"122","author":"Nghiem","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-5155(97)00082-8","article-title":"Measurement of temporal summation of visual acuity with use of modified tachistoscope","volume":"41","author":"Niwa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology,"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(92)90052-K","article-title":"Blurring by fixational eye movements","volume":"32","author":"Packer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.566008","article-title":"Asymmetric activation of retinal ON and OFF pathways by AOSLO raster-scanned visual stimuli","volume":"16","author":"Patterson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedical Optics Express,"},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2013.04.015","article-title":"Measuring contrast sensitivity","volume":"90","author":"Pelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"12","key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e331","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050331","article-title":"A neural computation for visual acuity in the presence of eye movements","volume":"5","author":"Pitkow","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLOS Biology,"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S575","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20050901-30","article-title":"Dynamic visual stimulus presentation in an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope","volume":"21","author":"Poonja","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Refractive Surgery"},{"key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0661-72","article-title":"Stabilized images on the retina","volume":"204","author":"Pritchard","year":"1961","journal-title":"Scientific American,"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1167\/5.7.3","article-title":"The locus of fixation and the foveal cone mosaic","volume":"5","author":"Putnam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Vision,"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1167\/17.1.30","article-title":"Benefits of retinal image motion at the limits of spatial vision","volume":"17","author":"Ratnam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Vision,"},{"issue":"18","key":"bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.07.005","article-title":"Human gaze is systematically offset from the center of cone topography","volume":"31","author":"Reiniger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Biology,"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.43.000495","article-title":"The disappearance of steadily fixated visual test objects","volume":"43","author":"Riggs","year":"1953","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America,"},{"issue":"20","key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.08.010","article-title":"Microsaccades: Small steps on a long way","volume":"49","author":"Rolfs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.10.000405","article-title":"Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy","volume":"10","author":"Roorda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Optics Express,"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2465","article-title":"The relationship between visual resolution and cone spacing in the human fovea","volume":"13","author":"Rossi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience,"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1167\/7.8.14","article-title":"Visual performance in emmetropia and low myopia after correction of high-order aberrations","volume":"7","author":"Rossi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Vision,"},{"issue":"7146","key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05866","article-title":"Miniature eye movements enhance fine spatial detail","volume":"447","author":"Rucci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature,"},{"key":"bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-082114-035742","article-title":"Control and functions of fixational eye movements","volume":"1","author":"Rucci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annual Review of Vision Science,"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2015.01.005","article-title":"The unsteady eye: An information-processing stage, not a bug","volume":"38","author":"Rucci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences,"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1992.4.5.682","article-title":"Seeing beyond the Nyquist limit","volume":"4","author":"Ruderman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neural Computation,"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(75)90287-4","article-title":"The critical duration of temporal summation in the human central fovea","volume":"15","author":"Saunders","year":"1975","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(76)90082-1","article-title":"Paralysis of the awake human: Visual perceptions","volume":"16","author":"Stevens","year":"1976","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"key":"bib71","first-page":"145","article-title":"Correcting for miniature eye movements in high-resolution scanning laser ophthalmoscopy","volume":"5688","author":"Stevenson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Technologies XV,"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041669518763675","DOI":"10.1177\/2041669518763675","article-title":"Ewald Hering's (1899) On the limits of visual acuity: A translation and commentary: With a supplement on Alfred Volkmann's (1863) Physiological investigations in the field of optics","volume":"9","author":"Strasburger","year":"2018","journal-title":"I-Perception,"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(76)90026-2","article-title":"The effect of micromovements of the eye and exposure duration on contrast sensitivity","volume":"16","author":"Tulunay-Keesey","year":"1976","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"11","key":"bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.03.097","article-title":"Foveal vision","volume":"31","author":"Tuten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Biology,"},{"key":"bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47148","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.47148","article-title":"Human foveal cone photoreceptor topography and its dependence on eye length","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife,"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(79)90136-6","article-title":"Probability summation over time","volume":"19","author":"Watson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1167\/14.7.15","article-title":"A formula for human retinal ganglion cell receptive field density as a function of visual field location","volume":"14","author":"Watson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Vision,"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib80","first-page":"570","article-title":"Editorial: Visual acuity and hyperacuity","volume":"14","author":"Westheimer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.04.001","article-title":"Visual acuity: Information theory, retinal image structure and resolution thresholds","volume":"28","author":"Westheimer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Progress in Retinal and Eye Research,"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.65.000847","article-title":"Visual acuity in the presence of retinal-image motion","volume":"65","author":"Westheimer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of the Optical Society of America,"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03194544","article-title":"The psychometric function: I. Fitting, sampling, and goodness of fit","volume":"63","author":"Wichmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics,"},{"key":"bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2016.05.001","article-title":"Assessing the spatial relationship between fixation and foveal specializations","volume":"132","author":"Wilk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(85)90113-0","article-title":"Aliasing in human foveal vision","volume":"25","author":"Williams","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vision Research,"},{"key":"bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RP98648","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.98648.3","article-title":"Sub-cone visual resolution by active, adaptive sampling in the human foveola","volume":"13","author":"Witten","year":"2024","journal-title":"eLife,"},{"key":"bib22","volume-title":"Elements of psychophysics","author":"Fechner","year":"1966"},{"key":"bib40","volume-title":"Efficient subpixel image registration by cross-correlation [Computer software]","author":"Guizar","year":"2025"},{"key":"bib36","volume-title":"The anatomical, functional and perceived location of the fovea in the human visual system (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 3699785)","author":"Kilpel\u00e4inen","year":"2020"},{"key":"bib54","volume-title":"The vertebrate visual system: Its origin, structure, and function and its manifestations in disease","author":"Polyak","year":"1957"},{"key":"bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1145\/1743666.1743714","article-title":"Eye tracking with the adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications","author":"Stevenson","year":"2010"},{"key":"bib76","volume-title":"The vertebrate eye and its adaptive radiation","author":"Walls","year":"1942"},{"key":"bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-5379-7","volume-title":"Eye movements and vision","author":"Yarbus","year":"1967"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vision"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/jov.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?doi=10.1167\/jov.26.2.7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T14:31:19Z","timestamp":1770993079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/jov.arvojournals.org\/article.aspx?doi=10.1167\/jov.26.2.7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/jov.26.2.7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7362","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]}}}